PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of combined exercise and extra virgin olive oil supplement on health-related physical fitness, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and bone density in obese elementary school students.METHODS: The participants were 40 obese elementary students over 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup> to BMI, 10 combined exercise with high olive oil supplement group (HO+CE), 10 combined exercise with low olive oil supplement group (LO+CE), 10 combined exercise with placebo group (PL+CE), and 10 placebo group (PL). The participants have performed the exercise program for 70 minutes a day and 3 times a week with aerobic and resistance exercise during 12 weeks. Also, high and low olive oil supplement group took in 25 g and 10 g respectively at the same time and place.RESULTS: There were significant decreases in body fat to HO+CE compared with PL+CE (<i>p</i><.05) and significant increase in muscle mass and muscular endurance compared with PL+CE (<i>p</i><.05). However, there were no significant differences in body weight, BMI, muscular strength, and flexibility between groups. For cardiovascular disease risk factors, there is a significant difference to triglyceride, LDL-C, total cholesterol in HO+CE compared with PL+CE (<i>p</i><.05) and there were significant differences to HDL-C significantly decreased in HO+CE compared with PL+CE (<i>p</i><.05). There is no significant difference in bone density between groups (<i>p</i>>.05).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, there were positive responses for body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors for the twofold cases through combined exercise and high extra virgin olive oil supplement, but not for bone density.
Relationship between body composition indices and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Iranian inactive female college students
