scholarly journals Glycemic Control, Medication Use and Obesity among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Presenting to an Endocrinology Clinic during the War in Yemen. A Three-Year Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Sharafi BA ◽  
Algoby MA ◽  
Salem K
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Government Hospitals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Control Medication ◽  
Endocrinology Clinic

Background and Aims: The war in Yemen caused the already weak health system in the country to decline. We conducted a 3-year retrospective chart review on patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) attending an endocrinology center for the first time during the war, most of the patients were treated by internists and in government hospitals prior to presentation and only a small amount had seen a specialist prior to presentation.

scholarly journals Regulation of the adenilate cyclase signal system by peptides of the insulin family, epidermal growth factor, and leptin and its functional disturbances in lymphocytes from patients presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
L A Kuznetsova ◽  
S A Plesneva ◽  
O V Chistiakova ◽  
T S Sharova ◽  
M N Pertseva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cyclase Activity ◽  
Signal System ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
First Time

This study showed for the first time the stimulating action of peptides of the insulin family, insulin-like growth factor-1, relaxin, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the activity of the adenilate cyclase signal system (ACSS) in lymphocytes from the subjects of the control group. These hormonal effects were enhanced in the presence of guanylimidodiphosphate (GIDP). Moreover, leptin was for the first time shown to increase adenilate cyclase activity in lymphocytes from the control subjects and inhibition of this action by antibodies against leptin receptors. The patients presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) showed the enhanced baseline activity of adenilate cyclase in their lymphocytes whereas its stimulation by the above hormones, both in the presence and absence of GIDP, sharply declined. The influence of leptin on adenilate cyclase activity in patients with DM2 was apparent only at its concentrations above 10–8 M; it was inhibited by antibodies to leptin receptors. The results of this study indicate that disturbances of hormonal stimulation of adenilate cyclase activity in lymphocites of diabetic patients may be due to functional defects located at the receptor level in the case of leptin and at the level of Gs protein and its coupling to adenulate cyclase in case of peptides of the insulin family and GF. These findings confirm the concept being developed by the author according to which molecular defects in the hormone-dependent ACSS system constitute one of the main causes underlying the development of DM2.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uganda—a descriptive retrospective study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e039258
Author(s):  
Salome Tino ◽  
Billy N Mayanja ◽  
Michael Charles Mubiru ◽  
Emmanuel Eling ◽  
Edward Ddumba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
Poor Outcomes

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Uganda.DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingThis study was conducted in the outpatient’s T2DM clinic in St. Francis Hospital—Nsambya, Uganda between March and May 2017.ParticipantsType 2 diabetes patients registered in the diabetes clinic between July 2003 and September 2016.Outcome measuresOverweight and obesity defined as body mass index (kg/m2) of 25.0–29.9 and obesity as 30.0 or higher.ResultsOf 1275 T2DM patients, the median age was 54 (IQR: 44–65) years, 770 (60.40%) were females, 887 (69.6%) had hypertension, 385 (28%) had controlled glycaemia, 349 (27%) were obese, while 455 (36%) were overweight. Overweight/obesity were lower among men (OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.340 to 0.593, p≤0.001) and among patients aged ≥65 years (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.350 to 0.770, p=0.001); patients who rarely ate fruits and vegetables (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.475 to 0.921, p=0.014) but higher among patients of middle (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.320 to 2.550, p≤0.001) and upper (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.450 to 2.990, p≤0.001) socioeconomic status; on dual therapy (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.024 to 4.604, p=0.043); with peripheral neuropathy (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.039 to 1.834, p=0.026) and hypertension (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.264 to 2.293, p≤0.001).ConclusionsOverweight and obesity are high among T2DM patients in this population and may contribute significantly to poor outcomes of T2DM. Therefore, strategies to address this problem are urgently needed.

scholarly journals Are Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a University Hospital in Jeddah Achieving Treatment Goals?

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Suhaib A. Radi ◽  
Nada K. Bashnini ◽  
Hebah Y. Alahwal ◽  
Deemah A. Tashkandi ◽  
Maram J. Sibyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Treatment Goals ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide and is very debilitating. Studies have shown that adherence to treatment recommendations are rewarded with a decrease in diabetes mellitus - related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to assess adherence to the American Diabetes Association treatment goals in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review study, between February and April, 2013, of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended outpatient clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We included patients provided they were adults (≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were regularly followed up at the outpatient clinics, and they have had the disease for more than one year. Results: We included 201 patients between 27 – 96 years old. Most patients had their blood pressure and creatinine levels measured during each visit, and close to half had their HbA1c levels measured twice in the last year of follow up. Approximately 55.10% of the patients achieved an LDL level < 2.6 mmol/L. A relatively small proportion of the patients had blood pressure measurements and HbA1c levels within the recommended guidelines (29.03% and 24.53%, respectively). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is not very well controlled. This could be attributed to physicians’ factors and patients’ factors. Further studies to assess this issue are recommended.  

scholarly journals Achievement of Target Glucose Level among Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Public Teaching Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective chart review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tigist Workneh Leulseged
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Target Glucose

Abstract Background Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuous medical care to reach target glycaemic level to prevent complications. Most studies around the world have showed that glycaemic control among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients is poor using measurements taken at one point and including all patients irrespective of the duration of illness. This study aimed to assess achievement of optimal glycaemic control at different points in time in relation to the time of diagnosis and initiation of treatment and to identify associated factors among T2DM patients attending diabetes clinic of public teaching hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted from May to July 2018 among randomly selected 685 medical charts of patients who were on follow-up from January, 2013 to December, 2017. Association was assessed using Binary logistic regression, where 95% CIs for odds ratio and P-values were used for testing significance and interpretation of results. Results The prevalence of optimal glycaemic control among T2DM patients at the end of 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years and 5 years of diagnosis and treatment were 1.9%, 44.7%, 52.8%, 66.3%, 69.2%, 70.2% and 70.5% respectively. The significant factors were age group and type of treatment regimen. Conclusions Achievement of optimal glycaemic control increases as the follow-up duration increases; it was only 1.9% at the third month and 70.5% at the fifth year of observation. Close to one third of patients (29.5%) did not achieve target glucose even after five years and were at the verge of increased risk for diabetes related complications and death. Attention should be given to the time when patients achieve target glucoses level instead of just measuring the number of individuals who achieved glycaemic control in a short observation period.

scholarly journals Anomalous lipoprotein-X in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
M R Ovsepian ◽  
M G Ébragimzade ◽  
A B Gabrielian ◽  
M G Oganesian ◽  
A A Gevorkian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
Agar Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
First Time

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is the most common form of diabetes characterized by the disturbances of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism including dyslipidemia and elevation of the low-density lipoprotein (LDLP) levels. Lipoprotein-X (LP-X) represents an anomalous subclass of LDLP a distinctive feature of which is the high content of phospholipids and non-esterified cholesterol coupled with the low level of cholesterol ethers, triglycerides, and proteins. LP-X was detected in the blood of the patients with various diseases of the liver and biliary ducts associated with cholestasis. The results of our previous investigations suggest the presence of LP-X in the blood of the patients with familial Mediterranean fever and ischemic stroke complicated by concomitant diabetes mellitus. The objective of the present work was to elucidate whether LP-X actually occurs in the blood of the patients presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We used the method of polyanionic precipitation of LDLP preliminarily separated by agar gel electrophoresis. The study has demonstrated for the first time the presence of LP-X in the blood of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Its possible pathogenetic role and mechanisms of LP-X generation in DM2 are discussed.

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