scholarly journals Degree achievements and maximalization: a cross-linguistic perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Martínez Vera
Keyword(s):  
Additional Requirement ◽  
Relation Model ◽  
Lexical Items

This paper discusses degree achievements cross-linguistically, focusing on the maximalization possibilities reported in the literature. I introduce a four-way typology where languages differ regarding whether they overtly mark (with lexical items) degree maximalization (i.e., the scale of the degree achievement is bounded in an event) and/or event maximalization (i.e., there is a unique maximal event in the denotation of the predicate), and account for the variation. The four types are represented by English, which does not overtly mark degree or event maximalization; Southern Aymara, which overtly marks degree but not event maximalization; Polish, which overtly marks event maximalization only; and Hungarian, which overtly marks event maximalization with an additional requirement regarding the presence of lexical maxima (if available). I provide tests to distinguish degree vs. event maximalization. My proposal is implemented in Beavers’s (2011, 2012) Figure/Path Relation model, making use of a restricted set of lexical items to account for the variation. I suggest that the typology examined is exhaustive, and discuss the variation in telicity contrasts that arise as a result of different maximalization possibilities.

Lexical Comprehension in Young Children With Developmental Delays

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Kouri
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Developmental Delays ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Group Status ◽  
Novel Object ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Comprehension Skills ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Lexical Concepts

Lexical comprehension skills were examined in 20 young children (aged 28–45 months) with developmental delays (DD) and 20 children (aged 19–34 months) with normal development (ND). Each was assigned to either a story-like script condition or a simple ostensive labeling condition in which the names of three novel object and action items were presented over two experimental sessions. During the experimental sessions, receptive knowledge of the lexical items was assessed through a series of target and generalization probes. Results indicated that all children, irrespective of group status, acquired more lexical concepts in the ostensive labeling condition than in the story narrative condition. Overall, both groups acquired more object than action words, although subjects with ND comprehended more action words than subjects with DD. More target than generalization items were also comprehended by both groups. It is concluded that young children’s comprehension of new lexical concepts is facilitated more by a context in which simple ostensive labels accompany the presentation of specific objects and actions than one in which objects and actions are surrounded by thematic and event-related information. Various clinical applications focusing on the lexical training of young children with DD are discussed.

ESP corpus design: compilation of the Veterinary Nursing Medical Chart Corpus and the Veterinary Nursing Wordlist

Corpora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-140
Author(s):  
Yukiko Ohashi ◽  
Noriaki Katagiri ◽  
Katsutoshi Oka ◽  
Michiko Hanada
Keyword(s):  
Word List ◽  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Regular Expressions ◽  
Annotation Scheme ◽  
Corpus Design ◽  
As Species ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
General Service

This paper reports on two research results: ( 1) designing an English for Specific Purposes (esp) corpus architecture complete with annotations structured by regular expressions; and ( 2) a case study to test the design to cater for creating a specific vocabulary list using the compiled corpus. The first half of this study involved designing a precisely structured esp corpus from 190 veterinary medical charts with a hierarchy of the data. The data hierarchy in the corpus consists of document types, outline elements and inline elements, such as species and breed. Perl scripts extracted the data attached to veterinary-specific categories, and the extraction led to creating wordlists. The second part of the research tested the corpus mode, creating a list of commonly observed lexical items in veterinary medicine. The coverage rate of the wordlists by General Service List (gsl) and Academic Word List (awl) was tested, with the result that 66.4 percent of all lexical items appeared in gsl and awl, whereas 33.7 percent appeared in none of those lists. The corpus compilation procedures as well as the annotation scheme introduced in this study enable the compilation of specific corpora with explicit annotations, allowing teachers to have access to data required for creating esp classroom materials.

Through the Lens of the Adam Narrative: A Re-consideration of Sūrat al-Baqara

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Klar
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Dominant Theme ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
A Chain

The thesis of a single pillar or axis around which the longer Medinan suras are structured has been highly influential in the field of sura unity, and scholarship on the structure and coherence of Sūrat al-Baqara has tended to work towards charting the progress of a dominant theme throughout the textual blocks that make up the sura. In order to achieve this, scholars have divided the sura into discrete blocks; many have posited a chain of lexical and thematic links from one block to the next; some have concentrated solely on the hinges and borders between these suggested textual blocks. The present article argues that such methods, while often in themselves illuminating, are by their very nature reductive. As such they can result in the oversight of important elements of the sura. From a starting point of the Adam pericope provided in Q. 2:30–9, this study will focus on the recurrence of a number of its lexical items throughout Sūrat al-Baqara. By methodically tracing the passage of repeated, loosely Fall-related, vocabulary, it will attempt to widen the contextual lens through which the sura's textual blocks are viewed, and establish a broader perspective on its coherence. Via a discussion of the themes of ‘gardens’, ‘parable’, ‘prostration’, ‘covenant’, ‘wrongdoing’ and finally ‘blindness’, this article will posit ‘garments’, not as a structural pillar, but as a pivot around which many of the repeated lexical items of the sura rotate.

Social Antinomies of Linguistic Consciousness

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-171
Author(s):  
Elena Kravchenko ◽  
Tatiana Valiulina
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Affective Meanings

This article focuses on the debate over Crimea's accession. The content analysis relies on data collected during the first and most turbulent year of Crimea's incorporation, which started with the decision to conduct a referendum on the Crimean status and then to declare Crimea's independence in March 2014. The sample consists of 50 entries published on LiveJournal, both posts and commentaries. We have discovered and problematized severe disagreements in bloggers' worldview that give rise to the antinomies of bloggers' linguistic consciousness. By this, we mean the use of words with opposite connotations relating to the same event within the same blog and an inconsistency between bloggers' perception of the event and the affective meanings of lexical items attached to it. Our main point is that Crimea's accession prompts bloggers to reduce this dissonance by “rolling up the semantic rainbow,” that is, by destroying meanings with rigid binary semantic opposition, which thereby further exacerbates deep-rooted divisions within Russian society where patriots and liberals increasingly keep apart.

Solving Russian Velars: Palatalization, the Lexicon, and Gradient Contrast Utilization

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-90
Author(s):  
Jeff Parker
Keyword(s):  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Lexical Items

Palatalized velars in Russian are often considered exceptional because they are neither fully predictable, nor clearly unpredictable. They are an example of a common phonological relationship in which sounds have the potential to distinguish words but are only utilized in limited contexts and/or lexical items. These “intermediate phonological relationships” (Goldsmith) are problematic for traditional phonological theories which make a binary distinction between predictable sounds (allophones; dealt with in the grammar) and unpredictable sounds (phonemes; dealt with in the lexicon). To deal with intermediate phonological relationships in a principled way we must reconsider assumptions about the type and amount of information stored in the lexicon.

REGIONAL-CULTURAL PROPERTIES OF THE NOT OFFICIAL ANTHROPONYMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
T.V. Bakhvalova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Properties ◽  
Lexical Items

The article is devoted to the study of the regional personal-individual nicknames, which are used in the dialect of Orel region. The specificity of the nicknames as a result of realization of semantics-derivational literary lanquage's and lexical items‘ potential.

Kupfer, Klunker und Klamotten: Das Notizbuch des Schreibers Thutmose

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 285-309
Author(s):  
Matthias Müller
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Lexical Items

Review article on the edition of P. Vienna ÄS 10321 by Regina Hölzl, Michael Neumann & Robert J. Demarée. The paper discusses the general contents of the entries relating mainly to transfers of copper. In addition, various issues regarding new or known lexical items are highlighted. Finally, a list with sundry observations to the edition ensues.

Convergence Analysis and Comparison of Evolutionary Algorithms Based on Relation Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han HUANG ◽  
Zhi-Yong LIN ◽  
Zhi-Feng HAO ◽  
Yu-Shan ZHANG ◽  
Xue-Qiang LI
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithms ◽  
Convergence Analysis ◽  
Relation Model
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document