Examining driver performance in response to work zone interventions in a driving simulator

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Lynn Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Driver Performance

Driver Performance in a Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control String

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1184-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaughan W. Inman ◽  
Steven Jackson ◽  
Brian H. Philips
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Cruise Control ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control ◽  
Safety Benefit ◽  
Crash Reduction ◽  
Mean Time

Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) has been proposed as a method to increase highway capacity and possibly enhance safety. Two experiments were conducted in a driving simulator to verify that drivers with CACC would effectively monitor the system’s longitudinal control and override the system in the event that greater braking authority was needed than the system was designed to provide. In the first experiment, the emergency response of drivers with the CACC was compared with that of drivers who manually controlled following distance within a string of vehicles. The CACC group experienced markedly fewer crashes and had longer mean time-to-collision. The second experiment examined whether the CACC safety benefit was the result of the CACC system’s limited automatic braking authority, an auditory alarm, or both. The results suggest that both auto-braking and an auditory alarm are necessary to achieve a crash reduction benefit, although the alarm alone may promote less severe collisions.

scholarly journals Improved Road Safety at Work Zones using Advanced Traveler Information Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Suhail Almallah ◽  
Qinaat Hussain ◽  
Wael K. M Alhajyaseen ◽  
Tom Brijs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Treatment Scenario ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Variable Message Signs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Message Signs

Work zones are road sections where road construction or maintenance activities take place. These work zones usually have different alignment and furniture than the original road and thus temporary lower speeds are adopted at these locations. However, drivers usually face difficulty in adopting the new speed limit and maneuvering safely due to the change in alignment. Therefore, work zones are commonly considered as hazardous locations with higher crash rates and severities as reported in the literature. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a variable message signs (VMSs) based system for work zone advance warning area. The proposed system aims at enhancing driver adaptation of the reduced speed limit, encourage early lane changing maneuvers and improve the cooperative driving behavior in the pre-work zone road section. The study was conducted using a driving simulator at the College of Engineering of Qatar University. Seventy volunteers holding a valid Qatari passenger car driving license participated in this study. In the simulator experiment, we have two scenarios (control and treatment). The control scenario was designed based on the Qatar Work Zone Traffic Management Guide (QWZTMG), where the length of the advance warning area is 1000 m. Meanwhile, the treatment scenario contains six newly designed variable message signs where two of them were animation-based. The VMSs were placed at the same locations of the static signs in the control scenario. Both scenarios were tested for two situations. In the first situation, the participants were asked to drive on the left lane while in the second situation, they were instructed to drive on the second lane. The study results showed that the proposed system was effective in motivating drivers to reduce their traveling speed in advance. Compared to the control scenario, drivers’ mean speed was significantly 6.3 and 11.1 kph lower in the VMS scenario in the first and second situations, respectively. Furthermore, the VMS scenario encouraged early lane changing maneuvers. In the VMS scenario, drivers changed their lanes in advance by 150 m compared to the control scenario. In addition, the proposed system was effective in motivating drivers to keep larger headways with the frontal merging vehicle. Taking into account the results from this study, we recommend the proposed VMS based system as a potentially effective treatment to improve traffic safety at work zones.

scholarly journals AN EVALUATION OF AIRPORT WAYFINDING AND SIGNAGE ON SENIOR DRIVER BEHAVIOUR AND SAFETY OF AIRPORT ROAD ACCESS DESIGN

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-129
Author(s):  
Nur Khairiel Anuar ◽  
Romano Pagliari ◽  
Richard Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Car Driving

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of different wayfinding provision on senior driving behaviour and road safety. A car driving simulator was used to model scenarios of differing wayfinding complexity and road design. Three scenario types were designed consisting of 3.8 miles of airport road. Wayfinding complexity varied due to differing levels of road-side furniture. Experienced car drivers were asked to drive simulated routes. Forty drivers in the age ranges: 50 to 54, 55 to 59 and those aged over 60 were selected to perform the study. Participants drove for approximately 20 minutes to complete the simulated driving. The driver performance was compared between age groups. Results were analysed by Mean, Standard Deviation and ANOVA Test, and discussed with reference to the use of the driving simulator. The ANOVA confirmed that age group has a correlation between road design complexity, driving behaviour and driving errors.

Speed behaviour in work zone crossovers. A driving simulator study

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 10-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Domenichini ◽  
Francesca La Torre ◽  
Valentina Branzi ◽  
Alessandro Nocentini
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Simulator Study

Modeling the influence of Chevron alignment sign on young male driver performance: A driving simulator study

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 479-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiping Wu ◽  
Xiaohua Zhao ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Jiayuan He ◽  
Jian Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Simulator Study

Training Effectiveness: How Does Driving Simulator Fidelity Influence Driver Performance?

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (25) ◽  
pp. 2201-2205 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Park ◽  
R. Wade Allen ◽  
Theodore J. Rosenthal ◽  
Dary Fiorentino
Keyword(s):  
Graduation Rates ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Training Trial ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Driver Training ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
The Difference

Driver performance effects were compared between two configuration types: 1) a low-cost, three-monitor, 135 degree field-of-view (FOV), PC desktop with PC gaming steering wheel controls and 2) a medium-cost, fixed-based, projected image, 135 degree FOV, instrumented vehicle cab. The experiment was part of a larger novice driver training experiment with teenage drivers who had yet to receive their license to drive (Allen, Park, et al. 2003). Participants drove a minimum of six training trial runs on either the three-monitor configuration (N = 180) or the vehicle cab configuration (N = 143). A 2 times 6 (configuration type x training trial runs) analysis of variance was performed for a variety of performance measures as well as a one-way analysis of variance to assess the graduation rates between the two configurations. Significant differences were found for certain performance measures suggesting that handling behaviors (i.e. braking and steering) were largely affected by the difference in controls while lane position, vehicle speed, time-to-collision, and simulator sickness ratings were largely affected by the difference in graphical display. However, non-significant differences in certain performance measures (e.g. total accidents and graduation rates) suggested that the three-monitor configuration may be as useful of a tool for driver training, assessment, and research as a higher fidelity vehicle cab.

Effects of Rotation and Location on Advanced Traveler Information System Displays

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (17) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081
Author(s):  
Christina James ◽  
Brian Ehret ◽  
Brian Philips ◽  
W. Spencer James ◽  
Elizabeth Alicandri
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Instrument Panel ◽  
Traveler Information ◽  
Older Driver ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Advanced Traveler Information System ◽  
Effects Of Rotation

This experiment compared the performance of rotated to conventional Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS) displays. Rotated and conventional ATIS displays were presented in two locations: Heads-up display (HUD) and instrument panel mounted (IPM). Using a part-task driving simulator, subjects evaluated whether an intersection presented on an ATIS display matched the intersection they were approaching. The results indicated that benefits of rotated displays may be location dependent. Although the results do not clearly indicate an optimal display rotation, the HUD location resulted in improved older driver performance.

Human Performance Validation of Simulators: Theory and Experimental Verification

1975 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Leonard ◽  
Walter W. Wierwille
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Random Disturbance ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
One Simulator ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Performance Validation

A theory of simulator validation employing a human performance correspondence approach is developed. The theory is based on the viewpoint that simulator validation is a problem of obtaining parallel measures in full-scale and in simulation and bringing these two sets of measures into correspondence. The approach taken is to adjust the simulator experimental conditions to obtain matching measure values between full-scale and simulation. Standard experimental design techniques can be used, but must be supplemented by additional discrimination techniques such as methods of correlation in repeated measure designs or confidence limit error measures in completely randomized designs. It is shown that the concept of performance validation is both α-level and sample size dependent, indicating that careful preliminary consideration should be given to the size of experiment to be performed. The theory was experimentally tested through the use of an instrumented full–scale test vehicle and a driving simulator. Data were collected on thirteen subjects in the full-scale vehicle and on seventy–four subjects in the simulator. Eight adjustment conditions in the simulator were used; they were obtained by varying two independent variables, random disturbance level and lateral display gain. Five driver performance measures for each condition in the simulator were compared to the same measures from the full–scale results. The simulator conditions which most closely matched the full–scale system were then determined. The results showed that for each performanc measure at least one simulator condition produced corresponding valid results. Overall, the results indicated that it is definitely possible to obtain performance validation through proper simulator adjustment.

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