Characteristics of sleep disturbances related to substance use disorders

Sleep disturbances although highly prevalent conditions in patients with substance use disorders, they are underreported, underrecognized, underdiagnosed, and often untreated. Alcohol and various drugs of abuse interfere with the initiation and maintenance of sleep. The sleep disturbances can be experienced during active substance use including intoxication as well as during early recovery. Literature also indicates insomnia is a risk factor for substance abuse. Thus sleep disturbances can play a major role in initiating and maintaining substance use and increase the risk of relapse. This review describes the existing literature on the bidirectional relationships between sleep disturbances and substance use disorders in the context of alcohol, cannabis, opioid, and cocaine use disorders. Evidence with regards the type and severity of the sleep disruption, its time course, relationship to relapse, and treatment options when available are discussed. Specific treatment strategies focused on individual substance-related sleep disturbances will improve global outcome in substance use disorders and sleep and enhance the quality of life of the patients.

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2.0 Hidden Risk Factors for Adolescent Substance Use Disorders: Caffeine Use, Sleep Disturbances, and Their Interplay

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.583 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. S303

Author(s):

Naimah Weinberg ◽

Karen Sirocco

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Adolescent Substance Use ◽

Adolescent Substance

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Sleep disturbances are associated with reduced health-related quality of life in patients with substance use disorders

American Journal on Addictions ◽

10.1111/ajad.12243 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 515-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ellis H. B. Magnée ◽

Gerdien H. de Weert-van Oene ◽

Toon A. G. M. Wijdeveld ◽

Anton M. L. Coenen ◽

Cor A. J. de Jong

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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Sleep disturbances and substance use disorders: An international study of primary care and mental health specialty care patients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.101 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S109-S110

Author(s):

L. Fortuna ◽

N. Noyola ◽

B. Cook ◽

A. Amaris

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Specialty Care ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Outpatient Visits ◽

Treatment Use

IntroductionThere is no comprehensive evidence on the influence of sleep disturbances (SD) on substance use disorders (SUD) or treatment use patterns of individuals with comorbid disturbances.Objective/aimTo better understand comorbidities and treatment use patterns of individuals with SD and SUD.MethodsWe combine 2010–2012 electronic health record (EHR) data from healthcare system in Boston (n = 131,966 person-years) and Madrid, Spain (n = 43,309 person-years). Patients with sleep disturbances (SD) were identified in the EHR through ICD-9 codes and medical records and substance use disorders (SUD) identified by documented treatment for drug or alcohol abuse or dependence. Rates of SUD are compared between individuals with and without SD. Among those with both, adequacy of mental health treatment (defined as eight or more outpatient visits or four or more outpatient visits with a psychotropic prescription) and ER use is compared.ResultsAmong the individuals, 21.1% with SD also report SUD, compared to only 10.6% of individuals without SD (P < .01). Those with comorbidities were more likely than their specialty care counterparts without comorbidities to be seen in the ER (57.1% vs. 36.6%, respectively, P < .05). Limiting the sample to only those with both SD and SUD in specialty mental health care (n = 268 in Boston and n = 28 in Madrid), 49.2% of Boston patients received adequate care compared to 38.5% of Madrid patients, and 57.8% of Boston patients had any ER use in the last year vs. 50% of Madrid patients.ConclusionsSD is correlated with SUD and comorbid patients are more likely to use emergency services.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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The prevalence of the sleep disturbances among the patients with substance use disorders

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2019-4-26-35 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 26-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. V. Vetrova ◽

D. N. Kuchmenko ◽

I. N. Genina ◽

O. V. Goncharov ◽

K. V. Rybakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Sleep Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Severity Index ◽

Early Morning ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

High Prevalence

Background. There is evidence that sleep disorders may be significantly linked to the development of the substance use disorders (SUD). However, data about the prevalence of the sleep disturbances among patients with SUD in Russia are relatively limited.Aim. To evaluate the frequency of the sleep disturbances among patients (n = 196) with alcohol (ÀD, n = 102), opioid (ÎD, n = 55) and polysubstance dependence (PD, n = 39) seeking addiction medical care.Materials and methods. We conduct a cross-sectional study of sleep disturbances among patients in St. Petersburg in 2017–2018. The modified Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was administered to assess sleep during different periods of time: lifetime, the past 12 months, and the past 30 days.Results. All groups demonstrated relatively high presence of different sleep disorders (range: 49.0–76.5% among 196). The sleep disturbances over the past 30 days were more common in the AD group (60.8– 73.5% among 102) with the early morning awakening as the most frequent complaint. In the PD group the prevalence of lifetime sleep disturbances was high (94.9–100.0% among 39), whereas insomnia disorders were relatively rare over the past 30 days. However, it was sleep disturbances over the past 30 days that were statistically significantly more often (p < 0,05) observed in the group of patients who actively consume narcotic substances (40.2–87.2%), compared with the group of patients in remission (0–16.7%).Conclusion. The results demonstrated the high prevalence of insomnia among patients with SUD and suggested that the remission have a positive effect on the symptoms of sleep disorders. Further studies of the association between sleep disturbances and SUD progression are needed.

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