scholarly journals Newly identified hominin trackways from the Cape south coast of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (9/10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Helm ◽  
Martin G. Lockley ◽  
Hayley C. Cawthra ◽  
Jan C. De Vynck ◽  
Mark G. Dixon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage ◽  
Track Record ◽  
The World ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage 5

Three new Pleistocene hominin tracksites have been identified on the Cape south coast of South Africa, one in the Garden Route National Park and two in the Goukamma Nature Reserve, probably dating to Marine Isotope Stage 5. As a result, southern Africa now boasts six hominin tracksites, which are collectively the oldest sites in the world that are attributed to Homo sapiens. The tracks were registered on dune surfaces, now preserved in aeolianites. Tracks of varying size were present at two sites, indicating the presence of more than one trackmaker, and raising the possibility of family groups. A total of 18 and 32 tracks were recorded at these two sites, respectively. Ammoglyphs were present at one site. Although track quality was not optimal, and large aeolianite surface exposures are rare in the region, these sites prove the capacity of coastal aeolianites to yield such discoveries, and they contribute to what remains a sparse global hominin track record. It is evident that hominin tracks are more common in southern Africa than was previously supposed.

Beyond arrows on a map: The dynamics of Homo sapiens dispersal and occupation of Arabia during Marine Isotope Stage 5

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 101269
Author(s):  
Samuel Luke Nicholson ◽  
Rob Hosfield ◽  
Huw S. Groucutt ◽  
Alistair W.G. Pike ◽  
Dominik Fleitmann
Keyword(s):  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage ◽  
Marine Isotope Stage 5

scholarly journals First ground-based observations of sprites over southern Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (9/10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaus Nnadih ◽  
Mike Kosch ◽  
Peter Martinez ◽  
Jozsef Bor
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Electrical Discharges ◽  
Lightning Strikes ◽  
The World ◽  
Lightning Discharges ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Cloud To Ground Lightning ◽  
Peak Value

Sprites are the optical signatures of electrical discharges in the mesosphere triggered by large lightning strikes associated with thunderstorms. Since their discovery in the late 1980s, sprites have been observed extensively around the world, although very few observations of sprites from Africa have been documented in the literature. In this paper, we report the first ground-based recorded observations of sprites from South Africa. In 2 out of the 22 nights of observations (11 January and 2 February 2016), about 100 sprite elements were recorded from Sutherland in the Northern Cape, comprising different morphologies (carrot (55%), carrot/column (11%), unclassified (21%), column (13%)). The sprites were triggered by positive cloud-to-ground lightning strikes, which had an average peak value of ~74 kA and were observed at distances from ~400 km to 800 km. The estimated charge moment change of the lightning discharges associated with these events was in agreement with the threshold for dielectric breakdown of the mesosphere and correlates well with the observed sprite brightness.

scholarly journals Acrobeles farzanae spec. nov. and Seleborca complexa (Thorne) from the West Coast National Park and Rocher Pan Nature Reserve (Nematoda: ephalobidae)

Koedoe ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heyns
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Body Length ◽  
West Coast ◽  
National Park ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
The West ◽  
Lateral Field

Acrobeles fananae spec. nov. is described from two localities on the west coast of South Africa. The new species is characterised by body length of 0.7-0.8 mm; relatively slender, cylindroid body, abruptly ventrally bent in vulval region; vulva with protruding lips and situated in a sunken area; three incisures in lateral field; and cuticle with an intricate interlocked block-like pattern. Additional data is presented on the morphology of Seleborca complexa (Thorne, 1925) collected in the same area.

scholarly journals The conservation role of forestry in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

In September 1965, at the signing ceremony of a National Park Bill, United States President Johnson remarked: "We are living in the Century of Change. But if future generations are to remember us more with gratitude than with sorrow, we must achieve more than just the miracles of technology. We must also leave them a glimpse of the world as God really made it, not just as it looked when we got through with it." In the same spirit, forestry in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) shares the responsibility of conserving and restoring as far as possible the environment in which we and succeeding generations must live.

Namibia’s Foreign Policy and Its Impact on Peace and Security in the Southern Africa Region: A Framework of Liberalism as a Theory of International Relations Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-586
Author(s):  
Peya Mushelenga
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Main Question ◽  
International Peace ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security

This article discusses aspects of Namibia’s foreign policy principles and how they impact on the values of democracy, and issue of peace and security in the region. The article will focus on the attainment of peace in Angola, democratisation of South Africa, and security situations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Madagascar and Lesotho. The main question of this article is: To what extent has Namibia realised the objectives encapsulated in her foreign policy principles of striving for international peace and security and promote the values of democracy in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region? The assumption is that though relatively a newly established state, Namibia has made her contribution towards democracy, peace and security in the Southern Africa region and the world at large.

Brief Historical Review of Membrane Development and Membrane Applications in Wastewater Treatment in Southern Africa

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Botha ◽  
R. D. Sanderson ◽  
C. A. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Mine Waters ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Charged Membrane ◽  
The World ◽  
Membrane Development

Away back in 1953 few people in the world, let alone South Africa, knew or had heard about membrane desalination, but there was an increasing awareness that electrodialysis had considerable potential for the desalination of brackish water. In South Africa the development of the new gold fields in the northern Orange Free State and the problems posed by the presence of excessive volumes of very saline mine waters stimulated interest in desalination and the CSIR* in collaboration with the mining industry became involved in the development of the electrodialysis process. By 1959 the largest brackish desalination plant in the world had been built and commissioned. South Africans were thus in the forefront of this technology, even to the extent of making the required membranes locally. Our historical review of membrane development and the applications of membrane technology in Southern Africa encompasses both pressure- and voltage-driven processes. Examples of the pressure processes are microfiltration, ultrafiltration and charged membrane ultrafiltration or nanofiltration, and finally reverse osmosis with fixed and dynamically formed membranes. The voltage-drive processes considered are electrodialysis and electrodialysis reversal.

scholarly journals The brush-tailed gerbille gerbillurus vallinus in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Schlitter ◽  
I.L. Rautenbach
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
The Other ◽  
Desert Rodent ◽  
Important Study ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Owl Pellets

As with many of the other national parks in the Republic of South Africa, an effort has been made to determine the species of small mammals in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park (KGNP) (Rautenbach 1971; Rautenbach and Nel 1975). An additional feature of such species inventories has been the use of owl pellets to determine the occurrence of small mammals in a given area. This has been done in the KGNP as well as other parts of southern Africa (Davis 1958; Nel and Nolte 1965; Nel 1969; Vernon 1972; Coetzee 1972). Such inventories of species of small mammals are critical as the KGNP has become an important study site for desert rodent ecology (Nel 1967; Nel and Rautenbach 1974; Nel 1975; Nel and Rautenbach 1975).

Economic Aspects of Lesotho's Relations with South Africa

1988 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Cobbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Domestic Output ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Lesotho has long had the distinction of being one of the more anomalous states not only in Southern Africa, but in the world. It is entirely surrounded by another country, the Republic of South Africa. It is ethnically and linguistically very homogeneous. It is a monarchy. Physically, the lowest point in Lesotho is higher, in vertical distance above sea level, that that in any other country. Its economy is marked by some extraordinary paradoxes, such as agriculture being the main economic activity of the bulk of the labour force albeit the origin of a small fraction of total income, imports enomously exceeding exports and being larger than domestic output, and fewer citizens working for cash inside the country than outside.

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