scholarly journals Impact of landuse on runoff in mountain catchments of different scales

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Holko ◽  
Z. Kostka
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Event Simulations ◽  
Runoff Events

The paper presents two approaches to the analysis of the impacts of landuse changes on hydrological regime in mountain catchments of northern Slovakia. An intersite comparison of measured data along the Jalovecký creek was used to test whether different landuse can be identified by means of water balance data and characteristics of runoff events. Although the comparison provided extended knowledge of the catchment, the only characteristic which might indicate possible impact of different landuse is the ratio of peakflow to flow at the beginning of the event. Simulations by means of spatially distributed hydrological model showed that different (extreme) scenarios resulted in relatively subtle impacts compared to uncertainties connected with hydrological modelling.

scholarly journals A conceptual glacio-hydrological model for high mountainous catchments

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 95-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schaefli ◽  
B. Hingray ◽  
M. Niggli ◽  
A. Musy
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Times Series ◽  
Mountainous Catchments ◽  
Daily Discharge

Abstract. In high mountainous catchments, the spatial precipitation and therefore the overall water balance is generally difficult to estimate. The present paper describes the structure and calibration of a semi-lumped conceptual glacio-hydrological model for the joint simulation of daily discharge and annual glacier mass balance that represents a better integrator of the water balance. The model has been developed for climate change impact studies and has therefore a parsimonious structure; it requires three input times series - precipitation, temperature and potential evapotranspiration - and has 7 parameters to calibrate. A multi-signal approach considering daily discharge and - if available - annual glacier mass balance has been developed for the calibration of these parameters. The model has been calibrated for three different catchments in the Swiss Alps having glaciation rates between 37% and 52%. It simulates well the observed daily discharge, the hydrological regime and some basic glaciological features, such as the annual mass balance.

scholarly journals Post-event analysis and flash flood hydrology in Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Hlavčová ◽  
Silvia Kohnová ◽  
Marco Borga ◽  
Oliver Horvát ◽  
Pavel Šťastný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Flash Floods ◽  
Event Analysis ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Catchment Size ◽  
Flood Peaks

Abstract This work examines the main features of the flash flood regime in Central Europe as revealed by an analysis of flash floods that have occurred in Slovakia. The work is organized into the following two parts: The first part focuses on estimating the rainfall-runoff relationships for 3 major flash flood events, which were among the most severe events since 1998 and caused a loss of lives and a large amount of damage. The selected flash floods occurred on the 20th of July, 1998, in the Malá Svinka and Dubovický Creek basins; the 24th of July, 2001, at Štrbský Creek; and the 19th of June, 2004, at Turniansky Creek. The analysis aims to assess the flash flood peaks and rainfall-runoff properties by combining post-flood surveys and the application of hydrological and hydraulic post-event analyses. Next, a spatially-distributed hydrological model based on the availability of the raster information of the landscape’s topography, soil and vegetation properties, and rainfall data was used to simulate the runoff. The results from the application of the distributed hydrological model were used to analyse the consistency of the surveyed peak discharges with respect to the estimated rainfall properties and drainage basins. In the second part these data were combined with observations from flash flood events which were observed during the last 100 years and are focused on an analysis of the relationship between the flood peaks and the catchment area. The envelope curve was shown to exhibit a more pronounced decrease with the catchment size with respect to other flash flood relationships found in the Mediterranean region. The differences between the two relationships mainly reflect changes in the coverage of the storm sizes and hydrological characteristics between the two regions.

scholarly journals A look at the links between drainage density and flood statistics

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pallard ◽  
A. Castellarin ◽  
A. Montanari
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Skewness Coefficient ◽  
Deviation Coefficient ◽  
Coefficient Of Skewness

Abstract. We investigate the links between the drainage density of a river basin and selected flood statistics, namely, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and coefficient of skewness of annual maximum series of peak flows. The investigation is carried out through a three-stage analysis. First, a numerical simulation is performed by using a spatially distributed hydrological model in order to highlight how flood statistics change with varying drainage density. Second, a conceptual hydrological model is used in order to analytically derive the dependence of flood statistics on drainage density. Third, real world data from 44 watersheds located in northern Italy were analysed. The three-level analysis seems to suggest that a critical value of the drainage density exists for which a minimum is attained in both the coefficient of variation and the absolute value of the skewness coefficient. Such minima in the flood statistics correspond to a minimum of the flood quantile for a given exceedance probability (i.e., recurrence interval). Therefore, the results of this study may provide useful indications for flood risk assessment in ungauged basins.

scholarly journals Assessment of evapotranspiration simulations in the Malše basin

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (Special Issue 2) ◽  
pp. S111-S122
Author(s):  
R. Košková ◽  
S. Němečková
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
The Other ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Model ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Spatially Distributed

The application of the distributed hydrological model brings the benefits of assessment of the spatially distributed quantities which are hard to measure in the field over a larger area, e.g. evapotranspiration. The Malše River basin has been chosen for the evaluation of evapotranspiration simulation by the distributed hydrological model, SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model). The primary interest in this analysis was to assess the ability of the hydrological model to simulate the actual evapotranspiration on larger scales and to evaluate its dependence on the landscape characteristics such as the vegetation cover, soil type, and average precipitation amount during the simulation. Annual actual evapotranspiration in each hydrotope was evaluated in the simulation period of 1985–1998. Because of the lack of the data observed (evapotranspiration), the model was calibrated on the discharge time series. The credibility was quantified using Nash Sutcliffe efficiency which was more than 0.7. The main trends of the simulated actual evapotranspiration were evaluated and assessed as satisfactory. The differences in the soil types did not seem significant for the evapotranspiration variation, the monthly average values among soil types differing by ± 10% except histosol. On the other hand the differences in the land-use categories strongly influenced the amount of evapotranspiration (–30; +50%). It appears that the model SWIM overestimates the actual evapotranspiration in the spring and, on the other hand, underestimates that in the autumn according to the comparison with the only data available in the entire Climate Atlas of the Czech Republic.

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