scholarly journals Differences in available phosphorus evaluated by soil tests in relation to detection by colorimetric and ICP-AES techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matula
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
End Point ◽  
Phosphorus Determination

Differences in the evaluation of soil phosphorus status by three soil tests (Mehlich 3, extraction with NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate and water extraction) were tested on 63 agricultural soils with different agrochemical characteristics from the territory of the Czech Republic. Differences between the colorimetric determination of phosphorus and ICP technique were studied. The median of the values of phosphorus supply in soils determined by soil tests was considerably different. Compared to the colorimetric detection of water extraction of soils the median of the NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate test showed 2.2 times higher values and in Mehlich 3 test the values were 34.8 times higher. The largest difference between the end-point analytical techniques of phosphorus determination, colorimetry and ICP-AES, was observed in the soil test of water extraction. The median of the values determined by ICP-AES was higher by 47%. In NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate extraction of soils the median of the measured values of phosphorus was higher by 12% and in Mehlich 3 extraction by 7%. Differences in phosphorus concentrations determined by colorimetry and by ICP-AES increased as the phosphorus supply in soils decreased. When the supply of 'available' phosphorus in soil is given, it is always necessary to specify the used soil test including the end-point analytical technique of phosphorus determination to avoid the misleading interpretation of results. The problem of phosphorus in agriculture and in the environment requires thorough revision and methodical standardization.

scholarly journals Possible phosphorus losses from the top layer of agricultural soils by rainfall simulations in relation to multi-nutrient soil tests

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matula
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Phosphorus Leaching ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Extreme Load ◽  
Minimum Interval ◽  
Phosphorus Losses

The objective of the study was to examine a possibility of predicting phosphorus leaching from the top layer of agricultural soils by rainfall simulations by means of three multi-nutrient soil tests: Mehlich 3, NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate extraction and water extraction (1:5, w/v). Another objective was to determine parameters of maximum phosphorus losses after an extreme load of rainfall on the top layer. Forty soils from different localities of the Czech Republic were used for the experiment. A leaching experiment was conducted in pedological cylinders with a soil layer of about 1 cm and with the bottom from a glass microfibre filter with pores 1.2 μm in size. Within 15 days the soils were flooded ten times with 25 mm of simulated rainfall in a minimum interval of 1 day. The closest regression between the soil test and phosphorus leaching was computed for NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate soil test (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.8831) and Mehlich 3 test (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.8572) after the first application of 25 mm of rainfall. In water extraction it was for the mean of 10 simulated rainfalls (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.8674). As leaching proceeded, the closeness of regression diminished due to fluctuations of P concentration in leachates (increases and decreases), mainly in soils with higher <i>P</i>-test. The increase in P concentration could be caused by the activation of phosphorus from Fe-phosphates under anaerobic conditions in wet soils. The steepest decrease in P concentration in leachates was observed in light soils with low CEC value and higher initial <i>P</i>-test.

scholarly journals A relationship between multi-nutrient soil tests (Mehlich 3, ammonium acetate, and water extraction) and bioavailability of nutrients from soils for barley

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Matula
Keyword(s):  
Soil Chemistry ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Heterogeneous Soils ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Radical Intervention

The aim of the paper was to test the universality of three multi-nutrient soil tests after a radical intervention in soil chemistry by gypsum treatment on a variable set of 36 soils. Pot experiments with barley in a growth chamber were conducted to determine the bioavailability of K, Mg, P, Mn and B from soils. There were no marked differences in correlations between soil tests and the plant in K, Mg and P. But in the case of Mn and B Mehlich 3 test was not in appropriate agreement with the plant. Shortcoming of water extraction is missing information of capacity character for the derivation of the fertilizer recommendations on heterogeneous soils. The highest universality of NH<sub>4</sub>-acetate soil test was proved in all studied nutrients (K, Mg, P, Mn, B) in relation to the plant. Determination of the CEC value that extends the information of capacity character is a part of this soil test. The CEC value contributes to a more sophisticated approach to interpretation for the fertilizer recommendations.

An evaluation of several soil tests for predicting wheat yield response to superphosphate in Victoria

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
JV Mullaly ◽  
JKM Skene ◽  
R Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Response Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Soil Groups

The predictability of three different measures of wheat yield response to superphosphate from each of four soil test measures of available phosphorus (0-6 inches) was examined, using data from field experiments over the period 1951 to 1965. The associations were studied separately within the three great soil groups that are dominant over the wheatgrowing areas of Victoria. Whichever measure of yield response was considered, soil bicarbonate P test measurement gave the best basis for prediction. However, at most, only 26 per cent of the yield response variability was predictable, and the other three tests were substantially less successful. Under the general conditions considered, where yield response is subject to a variety of uncorrected environmental deficiencies, it is concluded that the soil tests for P investigated in this paper are of doubtful practical value.

Soil Tests for Estimating Labile, Soluble, and Algae‐Available Phosphorus in Agricultural Soils

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Wolf ◽  
D. E. Baker ◽  
H. B. Pionke ◽  
H. M. Kunishi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Tests

Soil Analysis: An Interpretation Manual

1999 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Test Data ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Related Group

Soil Analysis: An Interpretation Manual is a practical guide to soil tests. It considers what soil tests are, when they can be used reliably and consistently, and discusses what limits their application. It is the first nationally accepted publication that is appropriate for Australian soils and conditions. The first three chapters review the general principles and concepts of soil testing, factors affecting soil test interpretation and soil sampling and handling procedures. The next two chapters describe morphological indicators of soil and include colour plates of major Australian agricultural soils. These are followed by a series of chapters which present soil test calibration data for individual elements or a related group of tests such as the range of soil tests used to interpret soil acidity. Each of these chapters also summarises the reactions of the particular element or parameter in the soil and describes the tests commonly used in Australia. The final chapter presents a structured approach to nutrient management and making fertiliser recommendations using soil test data. The manual will be of particular interest to soil and environmental scientists, farm advisers, consultants and primary producers who will find the manual an essential reference to understanding and interpreting soil test data. Many of the soil tests evaluated in the book are used throughout the world. Soil Analysis: An Interpretation Manual was commissioned and developed by the Australian Soil and Plant Analysis Council (ASPAC). It comprises the work of 37 experts, which has been extensively peer reviewed.

Comparing soil test kits with standard lab-based soil tests for agricultural soils

Crops & Soils ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Swati Sharma ◽  
Amitava Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Soil Tests

Relationship of soil phosphorus fractions to phosphorus soil tests and fertilizer response

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
E. Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Available P ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Test P

Soil tests for available P may not be accurate because they do not measure the appropriate P fraction in soil. A sequential extraction technique (modified Hedley method) was used to determine if soil test P methods were accurately assessing available pools and if predictions of fertilizer response could be improved by the inclusion of other soil P fractions. A total of 145 soils were analyzed from field P fertilizer experiments conducted across Alberta from 1991 to 1993. Inorganic P (Pi) removed by extraction with an anion-exchange resin (resin P) was highly correlated with the Olsen and Kelowna-type soil test P methods and had a similar relationship with P fertilizer response. No appreciable improvement in the fit of available P with P fertilizer response was achieved by including any of the less available P fractions in the regression of P fertilizer response with available P. Little Pi was extractable in alkaline solutions (bicarbonate and NaOH), particularly in soils from the Brown and Dark Brown soil zones. Alkaline fractions were the most closely related to resin P, but the relationship depended on soil zone. Inorganic P extractable in dilute HCl was most strongly correlated with soil pH, reflecting accumulation in calcareous soils, while Pi extractable in concentrated acids (HCl and H2SO4) was most strongly correlated with clay concentration. A positive but weak relationship as observed between these fractions and resin P. Complete fractionation of soil P confirmed that soil test P methods were assessing exchangeable, plant-available P. Key words: Hedley phosphorus fractionation, resin, Olsen, Kelowna

scholarly journals Finnish trends in phosphorus balances and soil test phosphorus

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. UUSITALO ◽  
E. TURTOLA ◽  
J. GRÖNROOS
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
P Loss ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
Soil Test Phosphorus ◽  
Yield Responses

Soil test phosphorus (P) concentration has a major influence on the dissolved P concentration in runoff from agricultural soils. Thus, trends in soil test P partly determine the development of pollution potential of agricultural activities. We reviewed the changes of soil test P and P balances in Finnish agriculture, and assessed the current setting of P loss potential after two Agri-Environmental Programs. Phosphorus balance of the Finnish agriculture has decreased from +35 kg ha–1 of the 1980’s to about +8 kg P ha–1 today. As a consequence, the 50-yr upward trend in soil test P concentrations has probably levelled out in the late 1990’s, as suggested by sampling of about 1600 fields and by a modelling exercise. For the majority of our agricultural soils, soil test P concentrations are currently at a level at which annual P fertilization is unlikely to give measurable yield responses. Soils that benefit from annual P applications are more often found in farms specialized in cereal production, whereas farms specialized in non-cereal plant production and animal production have higher soil test P concentrations. An imbalance in P cycling between plant (feed) and animal production is obvious, and regional imbalances are a result of concentration of animal farms in some parts of the country. A major concern in future will be the fate of manure P in those regions where animal production intensity is further increasing.;

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from agricultural soils for a potential use in cultivating Capsicum frutescens

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5161-5173
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Insoluble Form ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macronutrients needed for the plant growth, other than nitrogen and potassium. Most phosphorus remains as insoluble form in soils and the plants only can uptake the phosphorus nutrient in soluble forms. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) dissolves the phosphorus and make it available for plants. In this study, Soil samples were collected and screened for PSB on PK medium. PSB colonies with the highest phosphate solubilization ability were chosen and used for studying its rhizosphere effect on Capsicum frutescens by pot experiment.. It was evidenced that selected PSB strain could solubilize phosphate in PK medium and modified PK broth. Besides, it provided available phosphorus for plants and enhanced the plant growth in pot experiment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document