scholarly journals The factors influencing the pollinators visitation of the oilseed rape cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 574-580
Author(s):  
Jan Kazda ◽  
Aneta Bokšová ◽  
Martina Stejskalová ◽  
Tomáš Šubrt ◽  
Jan Bartoška ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Pollinator Visitation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
The Individual

Currently, the hybrid cultivars are predominant in the cultivation of winter oilseed rape in Europe. Cultivation of hybrid cultivars instead of the traditional line can affect the visitation of pollinators. Beekeepers and farmers claim that hybrid cultivars are not visited by pollinators as much as the line. Ten yellow and one white flowering oilseed rape cultivars were used to compare the visitation rates of pollinators (Apis mellifera L. and Bombus sp.) during flowering in the years 2015–2017. At the same time, the visitation of hybrid and line cultivars by pollinators was evaluated. Visitation of pollinators on each cultivar was calculated from observed visitations to flowering oilseed rape plants in an area 2.1 m<sup>2</sup> from the edge of single plots for 20 s. The results from this study clearly show that the individual cultivars, whether hybrids or lines, did not have a major influence on the pollinators’ visitation, either by honey bees or bumble bees. It is thus proved that hybrid cultivars do not affect the pollinator visitation and there is no need to worry about the prevalence of these cultivars in the Czech fields. However, a more significant effect for both pollinator groups appears to have been the color of the flower.

scholarly journals Busy Bees: Variation in Insect Flower-Visiting Rates across Multiple Plant Species

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret J. Couvillon ◽  
Chandra M. Walter ◽  
Eluned M. Blows ◽  
Tomer J. Czaczkes ◽  
Karin L. Alton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insect Diversity ◽  
Visitation Rates ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Flower Visiting

We quantified insect visitation rates by counting how many flowers/inflorescences were probed per unit time for five plant species (four native and one garden: California lilac, bramble, ragwort, wild marjoram, and ivy) growing in Sussex, United Kingdom, by following individual insects (n=2987) from nine functional groups (honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumble bees (Bombusspp.), hoverflies, flies, butterflies, beetles, wasps, non-Apidae bees, and moths). Additionally, we made a census of the insect diversity on the studied plant species. Overall we found that insect groups differed greatly in their rate of flower visits (P<2.2e-16), with bumble bees and honey bees visiting significantly more flowers per time (11.5 and 9.2 flowers/minute, resp.) than the other insect groups. Additionally, we report on a within-group difference in the non-Apidae bees, where the genusOsmia, which is often suggested as an alternative to honey bees as a managed pollinator, was very speedy (13.4 flowers/minute) compared to the other non-Apidae bees (4.3 flowers/minute). Our census showed that the plants attracted a range of insects, with the honey bee as the most abundant visitor (34%). Therefore, rate differences cannot be explained by particular specializations. Lastly, we discuss potential implications of our conclusions for pollination.

scholarly journals Establishing Bumble Bees as a Supplementary System for Honey Bees in the Pollination of Watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 668f-668
Author(s):  
Michael S. Stanghellini ◽  
John T. Ambrose ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Bombus Impatiens ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Fruit Abortion ◽  
The Individual

The effectiveness of bumble bees, Bombus impatiens, and honey bees, Apis mellifera, on the pollination of watermelon, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.), was compared at the individual bee level. Correlations between the number of bee visits a flower received and the resultant seed set and fruit abortion rates were established. Using `Royal Jubilee' watermelon, B-impatiens-visited flowers resulted in higher seed sets than A. mellifera when compared at equal bee visit numbers. This difference between bee types was highly significant. With respect to fruit abortion rates, no statistical difference between bee types was detected. However, bee visit count was significant. Increasing the number of bee visits received by a flower resulted in a lower percentage of aborted fruit.

scholarly journals Age and Method of Inoculation Influence the Infection of Worker Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) by Nosema ceranae

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almudena Urbieta-Magro ◽  
Mariano Higes ◽  
Aránzazu Meana ◽  
Laura Barrios ◽  
Raquel Martín-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Nosema Ceranae ◽  
Microsporidian Parasite ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Group A ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Individual

The microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae is a highly prevalent, global honey bee pathogen. Apis mellifera is considered to be a relatively recent host for this microsporidia, which raises questions as to how it affects its host’s physiology, behavior and longevity, both at the individual and colony level. As such, honey bees were inoculated with fresh purified spores of this pathogen, both individually (Group A) or collectively (Group B) and they were studied from 0 to 15 days post-emergence (p.e.) to evaluate the effect of bee age and the method of inoculation at 7 days post-infection. The level of infection was analyzed individually by qPCR by measuring the relative amount of the N. ceranae polar tubule protein 3 (PTP3) gene. The results show that the bee’s age and the method of infection directly influence parasite load, and thus, early disease development. Significant differences were found regarding bee age at the time of infection, whereby the youngest bees (new-born and 1 day p.e.) developed the highest parasite load, with this load decreasing dramatically in bees infected at 2 days p.e. before increasing again in bees infected at 3–4 days p.e. The parasite load in bees infected when older than 4 days p.e. diminished as they aged. When the age cohort data was pooled and grouped according to the method of infection, a significantly higher mean concentration and lower variation in N. ceranae infection was evident in Group A, indicating greater variation in experimental infection when spores were administered collectively to bees through their food. In summary, these data indicate that both biological and experimental factors should be taken into consideration when comparing data published in the literature.

scholarly journals Co-occurrence of RNA viruses in Tasmanian-introduced bumble bees (Bombus terrestris) and honey bees (Apis mellifera)

Apidologie ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Fung ◽  
Kelly Hill ◽  
Katja Hogendoorn ◽  
Andrew B. Hingston ◽  
Richard V. Glatz
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Bumble Bees

scholarly journals Native bumble bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) pollinators vary in floral resource use across an invasion gradient

2017 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gillespie ◽  
J. Bayley ◽  
E. Elle
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Local Plant ◽  
Local Plants ◽  
Floral Resource

AbstractIntegration of pollinator-dependent invasive plants into native pollination networks can have direct and indirect effects on local plant and pollinator communities. Impacts on local plants are well documented; however effects on native pollinators have gained less attention. We examine these issues in habitat fragments of the endangered oak-savannah ecosystem in British Columbia, Canada. We measured pollen collection by native bumble bees (Bombus Latreille; Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the introduced honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae) foraging on two common native plants in habitat fragments with varying invasive (Cytisus scoparius (Linnaeus) Link; Fabaceae) density. The Bombus species with the largest workers had higher proportions of invasive pollen on their bodies and in their corbiculae than smaller workers. Honey bees rarely collected C. scoparius pollen. While some native bumble bees species collect an increasing proportion of C. scoparius pollen with increasing C. scoparius density, this did not translate into an increased potential for pollination. Rather, measures of effective pollination decline with C. scoparius density. Overall, our results suggest that some bee species may be better at finding resources at highly invaded sites. Apis mellifera is likely not playing a major role in facilitating the spread of C. scoparius in our region. Rather C. scoparius is visited by a complement of native bumble bees that are similar to pollinators in the native range of this plant.

Foraging behaviour of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) on transgenic oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.var. oleifera)

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Picard-Nizou ◽  
M. H. Pham-Delègue ◽  
V. Kerguelen ◽  
P. Douault ◽  
R. Marilleau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Transgenic Oilseed Rape

Longer tongues and swifter handling: why do more bumble bees (Bombusspp.) than honey bees (Apis mellifera) forage on lavender (Lavandulaspp.)?

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS J. BALFOUR ◽  
MIHAIL GARBUZOV ◽  
FRANCIS L.W. RATNIEKS
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Bumble Bees

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal Distributions and Associations of Cabbage Stem Weevil (Ceutorhynchus Pallidactylus Marsham, 1802) and Pollen Beetle (Brassicogethes Aeneus Fabricius, 1775) in winter oilseed rape

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 839-847
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Hlavjenka ◽  
Marek Seidenglanz ◽  
Jaroslav Šafář
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Pollen Beetle ◽  
Brassicogethes Aeneus ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Pallidactylus

From 2013 to 2015 the within-field spatio-temporal distributions and interactions between Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus and Brassicogethes aeneus in winter oilseed rape crops were assessed using SADIE analysis (Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs) and Quick association analysis. A significant tendency for aggregation was recorded in C. pallidactylus males in the crop in both 2013 and 2015. Females showed a high tendency towards aggregation only in 2013. Both sexes were significantly associated in crops in 2013 and 2015. B. aeneus adults showed a high tendency towards aggregation in all three years. From the three seasons the cumulative distributions (based on the sums of insect catches in traps for the individual dates) of males and females of C. pallidactylus were significantly associated with the cumulative distribution of B. aeneus adults only in 2013. Contrary to this, an almost significant dissociation between cumulative distributions of C. pallidactylus males and B. aeneus adults was recorded in 2014.

scholarly journals Diurnal insect visitation patterns to ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit flowers in New Zealand

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G. Howlett ◽  
S.F.J. Read ◽  
L.K. Jesson ◽  
A. Benoist ◽  
L.E. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Bombus Terrestris ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Native Bees ◽  
Flower Visitation ◽  
Longhorn Beetles ◽  
Insect Visitation ◽  
Hover Flies

Different pollinators may vary in their temporal flower-visitation patterns within crops, potentially extending the period pollination may occur. To assess whether this could be the case in kiwifruit, we conducted standardised observational surveys of insects visiting kiwifruit flowers within 31 orchards at three times: 10:00—11:00, 12:00—13:00 and 14:00—15:00 hr. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) represented 92% of visitations (n=5474), but temporal abundances were uneven (predicted abundances were lower at 14:00—15:00 hr). Predatory hover flies (Melangyna, Melonostoma, Allograpta spp.) also showed an uneven temporal pattern. There were no significant differences in the temporal abundances for buff-tailed bumble bees (Bombus terrestris), rat- tailed hover flies (Eristalis, Helophilus spp.), March flies (Dilophis nigrostigma), flower longhorn beetles (Zorion guttigerum) or the native bees (Leioproctus and Lasioglossum spp.) although, in some cases, low numbers may have masked potential unevenness trends. Variation in diurnal flower-visitation patterns among insects suggests the potential for complementarity between different pollinators.

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