Relationships between browsing damage and woody species dominance

The paper analyzes data on browsing damage to food-attractive woody species, viz. Acer campestre, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Sorbus aucuparia and most often eudominant Fagus sylvatica. The field survey was carried out in 2005–2007. Analyzed data come from 34 transects at 15 localities in the CR with different abundance of ungulates (Capreolus capreolus, in some areas also Cervus elaphus or Dama dama). Trees occurring in natural regeneration under a stand were monitored up to a height of 150 cm and the presence of new browsing damage was monitored. Differences between the percent of damaged individuals of the given species of a food-attractive woody species and the percent of damaged individuals of all woody species in the transect as well as the proportion of these parameters significantly correlate with the dominance of the given species being suitable parameters for the analysis of a relationship between the intensity of damage and dominance. At the same time, the higher the proportion of Fagus sylvatica, the higher the relative intensity of damage to monitored food-attractive species.

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Relationships between browsing damage and the species dominance by the highly food-attractive and less food-attractive trees

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201159010029 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 29-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Petr Čermák ◽

Pavla Beranová ◽

Jindřiška Orálková ◽

Petr Horsák ◽

Jaroslav Plšek

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Field Research ◽

Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Dama Dama ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Browsing Damage ◽

The Given ◽

Ovis Musimon

The paper analyses data on the browsing damage to Acer pseudoplatanus, Carpinus betulus, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus spp., Tilia cordata and Fagus sylvatica. Field research was carried out in the period 2007–2010 and analysed data came from 33 transects at 10 localities with the various abundance of game in the CR (everywhere Capreolus capreolus, on several plots also Cervus elaphus, Ovis musimon or Dama dama). Trees were monitored up to a height of 150 cm in natural regeneration under stands and in plantations and the occurrence was noted of new browsing damage. Differences between the percentage of damaged individuals of the given species of a food-attractive species (A. p., C. b., F. e.) and the percentage of damaged individuals of all tree species on a transect as well as the proportion of these parameters correlate negatively with the given species dominance and thus, they appear to be suitable parameters for the analysis of relationships between the damage intensity and dominance. The higher the percentage proportions of highly food-attractive species and the lower the percentage of less-attractive species, the lower the relative intensity of damage to highly food-attractive species. At the same time, the higher the percentage proportion of highly food-attractive species and the lower the percentage of less-attractive species then the lower a difference between damage to less food-attractive species and all species.

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Woody Plants Affected by Ungulates in Winter Period, Impacts and Bark Renewal

Ekológia (Bratislava) ◽

10.1515/eko-2015-0023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 235-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marta Nevřelová ◽

Jana Ružičková

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Woody Plants ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Woody Species ◽

Fraxinus Excelsior ◽

Winter Period ◽

Bark Stripping ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Mild Winter ◽

Trees And Shrubs

AbstractDue to biotope fragmentation and changes in landscape structure, opportunities for forest animals to migrate and obtain food are diminishing, especially during extreme winter conditions. The main objective of this research was an assessment of ungulates, impact on woody species, evaluation of damage forms and bark renewal phases of affected woody plants. The study area is located in western Slovakia in the southeast part of Male Karpaty Mts. After the very cold and long winter of 2012/2013, 34% of woody plants were damaged by bark stripping and biting on the forest locality and 53% of evaluated trees and shrubs were damaged by biting off shoots in the non-forest locality. Together, 262 woody plants belonging to 15 species were evaluated; the girth of tree trunks and stripped bark patches were measured. The most severely affected tree species, suffering from bark stripping and bitten-off sprouts, was Fraxinus excelsior; Acer campestre was also significantly affected. Results showed that woody plants provide a significant part of hoofed mammal nutrition (especially Capreolus capreolus and Cervus elaphus). The stripped bark dendromass per forested area of 625 m2 reached 3 m2. After the mild winter in 2014, the majority (93.7%) of previously affected Fraxinus excelsior trees in the forest locality had only old damages with renewed bark in different phases of regeneration. In the non-forest locality, 96% of young Fraxinus excelsior, damaged in the winter of 2013, shot up new sprouts. The mortality of affected trees was minimal (4−5%).

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Extent of infection by Viscum album L. and changes in its occurrence on ornamental woody species in the locality of Lednice (Czech Republic)

Folia Horticulturae ◽

10.1515/fhort-2017-0012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 123-134

Author(s):

Pavel Bulíř

Keyword(s):

Host Species ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽

Woody Species ◽

Viscum Album ◽

Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Average Share ◽

The Impact

AbstractThe main goal of the research conducted in the Lednice chateau park was to map the current spectrum of host trees and shrubs. The aim of the investigation was also to record changes in the host species, namely between the years 1985 and 2016, and to get an overview of the extent and degree of mistletoe infection on the most significant tree species present in the park. Furthermore, the occurrence of mistletoe across the developmental stages of woody species was monitored. Apart from taxonomic changes also the quantitative extent and the degree of infection reported in the last 31 years, and the impact on the development stages of woody plants in the past 20 years were analysed. Among the most frequently infected taxa are currently: Acer campestre, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Crataegus monogyna, Robinia pseudoacacia, Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos. The average share of infected specimens of the above host species amounts to 34.28%. A distinctive change in frequency and infection degree was recorded in the aggregate spectrum of hosts. The presence of mistletoe was recorded in a total of 1,362 specimens (almost 12% of the trees growing in the area). Compared to 1985, the occurrence of mistletoe was newly recorded in a total of 13 families (+3), 19 genera (+5) and 42 species (+18). In Aesculus ×marylandica, Fraxinus biltmoreana, Magnolia hypoleuca ×tripetala or Malus ×moerlandsii, it was probably described for the first time ever. At the moment, the most existentially endangered taxon is Tilia cordata.

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Planting of different-sized tree transplants on arable soil

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-009-0049-6 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 574-584

Author(s):

Jiří Dostálek ◽

Martin Weber ◽

Svatopluk Matula ◽

Tomáš Frantík

Keyword(s):

Prunus Avium ◽

Arable Land ◽

Woody Species ◽

Individual Species ◽

Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

Native Woody Species ◽

Native Tree Species ◽

Selection Of

AbstractOn the arable land of the Rosovka Stream alluvium in the Czech Republic, a windbreak containing native woody species, was planted within a restoration project. This study evaluates the effect of that planting of three different tree sizes, on the rate of growth. The sizes of transplants employed in this study included small (1.0–1.5 meters tall), medium-sized (2.0–2.5 meters tall) and large (with a trunk circumference of 0.1–0.12 meters). The following native tree species, from the Eurosiberian region, were used: Quercus robur L., Carpinus betulus L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer campestre L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Tilia cordata Mill., and Prunus avium L. Growth rates were monitored over a five-year period. Small transplants had the highest growth; they grew approximately 0.4 meters more than transplants from the other size categories. Our results show that the selection of the size of transplant has a significant impact on development and growth. However, differences in the post-transplant responses of individual species were found.

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Effects of game on the condition and development of natural regeneration in the Vrapač National Nature Reserve (Litovelské Pomoraví)

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/4515-jfs ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 329-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. Čermák ◽

R. Mrkva

Keyword(s):

Natural Regeneration ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

Fraxinus Excelsior ◽

Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽

Acer Campestre ◽

National Nature Reserve ◽

Trophic Preferences

In 2001–2005, the effects of game on the condition and development of natural regeneration of a floodplain forest were studied in three permanent transects in the Vrapač National Nature Reserve (NNR). Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplatanus, Acer campestre and Acer platanoides predominated in the regeneration. The species were markedly damaged by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) browsing, the most affected being Acer pseudoplatanus. In spite of always newly occurring trees from self-seeding, the abundance of trees decreased during the studied period, self-seeding did not grow up from a height of 30–40 cm, the proportion of Acer pseudoplatanus decreased and that of Fraxinus excelsior increased. In addition to browsing, in 2003 and 2005 browsing damage to bark was noted in some places and in 2005 also the breaking of trees with subsequent browsing of terminal shoots, the causal agent of both types of damage being fallow deer. The development of natural regeneration is limited in principle by trophic preferences of game and by the tolerance of particular species to repeated damage. On the basis of these conditions it is necessary to consider the present game stock to be contradictory with objectives of area protection and preservation.

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Plant traits as predictors of woody species dominance in climax forest communities

Journal of Vegetation Science ◽

10.2307/3236846 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 327-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Fumito Koike

Keyword(s):

Plant Traits ◽

Woody Species ◽

Forest Communities ◽

Species Dominance ◽

Climax Forest

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Identification of meats from red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) using polymerase chain reaction targeting specific sequences from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.11.004 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 234-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

V. Fajardo ◽

I. González ◽

I. López-Calleja ◽

I. Martín ◽

M. Rojas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Fallow Deer ◽

12S Rrna ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

12S Rrna Gene ◽

Mitochondrial 12S Rrna ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Specific Sequences

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Characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolates from submaxillary lymph nodes of wild boars (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.04.020 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 172 (1-2) ◽

pp. 272-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Magdalena Rzewuska ◽

Lucjan Witkowski ◽

Agata A. Cisek ◽

Ilona Stefańska ◽

Dorota Chrobak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Rhodococcus Equi ◽

Wild Boars

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Bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus)

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2014-0043 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 315-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. Bancerz-Kisiel ◽

A. Szczerba-Turek ◽

A. Platt-Samoraj ◽

P. Socha ◽

W. Szweda

Keyword(s):

Cervus Elaphus ◽

Red Deer ◽

Roe Deer ◽

Capreolus Capreolus ◽

Hunting Season ◽

Virulence Markers ◽

Serotype O ◽

Gene Coding ◽

Environmental Reservoir ◽

Enterocolitica Infection

AbstractFree-living animals are an important environmental reservoir of pathogens dangerous for other animal species and humans. One of those is Yersinia (Y.) enterocolitica, the causative agent of yersiniosis - foodborne, enzootic disease, significant for public health. The purpose of the study was to identify bioserotypes and virulence markers of Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) obtained during the 2010/2011 hunting season in north-eastern Poland. From among 48 rectal swabs obtained from 24 roe deer, two strains of Y. enterocolitica from one animal were isolated. Although both belonged to biotype 1A they were identified as different serotypes. The strain obtained from cold culture (PSB) belonged to serotype O:5, while the strain isolated from warm culture (ITC) was regarded as nonidentified (NI), what may suggest mixed infection in that animal. The presence of ystB gene, coding for YstB enterotoxin, directly related to Y. enterocolitica pathogenicity was detected in both strains using triplex PCR. The effect of the examination of 32 swabs obtained from 16 red deer was the isolation of two Y. enterocolitica strains from two different animals. Both belonged to biotype 1A with NI serotype, but were originated from different types of culture. They gave positive results in case of products of a size corresponding to the ystB gene. No amplicons corresponding to ail and ystA genes were found. Roe deer and red deer may carry and shed Y. enterocolitica, what seems to be important in aspect of an environmental reservoir of this pathogen. The Y. enterocolitica strains isolated from wild ruminants had the amplicons of the ystB gene, what suggest they can be potential source of Y. enterocolitica infection for humans

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