scholarly journals The expression of sialylated molecules in parafollicular-cell hyperplasia of the canine thyroid gland

2001 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vajner ◽  
V. Vortel ◽  
A. Brejcha
Keyword(s):  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
Parafollicular Cell ◽  
Parafollicular Cells ◽  
Lymphoepithelial Cysts ◽  
Solid Cell ◽  
Thyroid Parenchyma

: During the 18-year period (1974–1991), the lymphocytic thyroiditis with the finding of serum autoantibodies against thyroglobulin was diagnosed in 180 Beagle dogs (92 males and 88 females). In 107 of them (56 males and 51 females), hyperplasia of parafollicular cells was concurrently encountered. In further 11 cases (3 males and 8 females), solid cellular structures were found in the thyroid parenchyma, in 4 females combined with unilocular or multilocular lymphoepithelial cysts. Grimelius stain revealed the presence of parafollicular cells even at the periphery of cellular nests. Using the lectin histochemistry with Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA),Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and Tritrichomonas mobilensis lectin (TML), the presence of sialylated molecules was demonstrated in the cell membranes and perinuclear cytoplasmic regions of parafollicular cells that formed hyperplastic nodules or were interspersed in “solid cell nests”.

scholarly journals Increase of MAL-II Binding Alpha2,3-Sialylated Glycan Is Associated with 5-FU Resistance and Short Survival of Cholangiocarcinoma Patients

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (12) ◽  
pp. 761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasiprapa Wattanavises ◽  
Atit Silsirivanit ◽  
Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth ◽  
Ubon Cha’on ◽  
Sakda Waraasawapati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Bile Ducts ◽  
Lectin Histochemistry ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Short Survival ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
Sambucus Nigra Agglutinin ◽  
Maackia Amurensis Lectin ◽  
Chemosensitivity Assays

Background and objectives: Sialylation plays important roles in tumor progression. Our present study aimed to demonstrate the alteration of sialylation and its role in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Materials and Methods: The α2,3- and α2,6-sialylation in CCA tissue was analyzed by lectin-histochemistry using Maackia amurensis lectin-II (MAL-II) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA). CCA cell lines were treated with the pan-sialylation inhibitor 3Fax-peracetyl-Neu5Ac (3F-Sia) followed by proliferation and chemosensitivity assays. Results: MAL-II binding α2,3-Sialylated Glycan (MAL-SG) and SNA binding α2,6-Sialylated Glycan (SNA-SG) were both elevated in CCA compared with hyperplastic/dysplastic (HP/DP) and normal bile ducts (NBD). The positive staining for MAL-SG or SNA-SG were found in 82% (61/74) of the CCA cases. Higher expression of MAL-SG in CCA was associated with shorter survival of the patients. The median survival of patients with high and low MAL-SG were 167 and 308 days, respectively, with overall survival of 233 days, suggesting the involvement of MAL-SG in CCA progression. MAL-SG expression of CCA cell lines was markedly decreased after treatment with 3F-Sia for 48 to 72 h. While proliferation of CCA cells were not affected by 3F-Sia treatment, their susceptibility to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly enhanced. These results suggest that sialylation is involved in the development of 5-FU resistance and the sialylation inhibitor 3F-Sia can be used as a chemosensitizer for CCA. Conclusions: Sialylation is critically involved in the development of chemoresistance of CCA, and sialylation inhibitors may be used as a chemosensitizer in CCA treatment.

Lymphoepithelial Cysts of the Thyroid Gland

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. e205-e208
Author(s):  
Elliot Carter ◽  
Ozlem Ulusarac
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Chronic Thyroiditis ◽  
Lymphocytic Thyroiditis ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Lymphoepithelial Cysts ◽  
Stratified Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Branchial Cleft ◽  
Solid Cell ◽  
Branchial Cleft Cysts

Abstract We report a case of multiple lymphoepithelial cysts of the thyroid gland in a patient with severe chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Lymphoepithelial cysts of the thyroid gland are rare lesions that are histologically similar to branchial cleft cysts found in the lateral neck. The cysts have an epithelial lining that is usually stratified squamous epithelium but may be focally respiratory-type epithelium. Abundant lymphoid tissue is present beneath the epithelium, and lymphoid follicles with reactive germinal centers are common features in the walls of the cysts. Because of their similarity to branchial cleft cysts and the presence of intrathyroidal branchiae-derived structures such as thymus and parathyroid gland tissue in the vicinity of some cysts, lymphoepithelial cysts of the thyroid have been postulated to arise from remnants of branchial derivatives; origination from solid cell nest remnants of the ultimobranchial bodies has been raised as a possibility. A definitive origin, however, has not been established. An association with chronic thyroiditis has been noted in 8 of the previously reported 16 cases occurring in a background of Hashimoto or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.

Effects of Sialic Acid Substitutions on Recognition by Sambucus nigra Agglutinin and Maackia amurensis Hemagglutinin

2002 ◽  
Vol 303 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Els C.M. Brinkman-Van der Linden ◽  
Justin L. Sonnenburg ◽  
Ajit Varki
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
Sambucus Nigra Agglutinin

scholarly journals α2,6-Linked sialic acid acts as a receptor for Feline calicivirus

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda D. Stuart ◽  
T. David K. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Sodium Periodate ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Virus Binding ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
The Family

Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a major causative agent of respiratory disease in cats. It is also one of the few cultivatable members of the family Caliciviridae. It has recently been reported that FCV binding is in part due to interaction with junction adhesion molecule-A. This report describes the characterization of additional receptor components for FCV. Chemical treatment of cells with sodium periodate showed that FCV recognized carbohydrate moieties on the surface of permissive cells. Enzymic treatment with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase demonstrated that sialic acid was a major determinant of virus binding. Further characterization using linkage-specific lectins from Maackia amurensis and Sambucus nigra revealed that FCV recognized sialic acid with an α2,6 linkage. Using various proteases and metabolic inhibitors, it was shown that α2,6-linked sialic acid recognized by FCV is present on an N-linked glycoprotein.

Stress Causes Tissue-Specific Changes in the Sialyltransferase Activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 276-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Dabelić ◽  
Mirna Flögel ◽  
Gordana Maravić ◽  
Gordan Lauc
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Maackia Amurensis ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Good Accordance ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms ◽  
Fischer Rats

Numerous pathological conditions are associated with specific changes in glycosylation. Recent studies clearly demonstrated a link between stress and the development and course of many diseases. Biochemical mechanisms that link stress and diseases are still not fully understood, but there are some indications that changes in glycosylation are involved in this process. Influence of acute and chronic psychological stress on protein sialylation as well as the activity of sialyltransferases, enzymes that synthesize sialoglycoproteins, has been studied on Fischer rats. Liver, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle, heart, adrenal gland, serum, cerebellum, hippocampus, medulla oblongata and cortex have been analyzed. Statistically significant tissue- and type of stress-specific changes in total sialyltransferase (ST) activity were observed. Acute stress resulted in 39% increase of ST activity in liver and spleen, while at the same time there was 43% decrease in ST activity in cerebellum. In chronic stress, ST activity increased in spleen (93%) and decreased in liver (17%), cerebellum (38%) and hippocampus (64%). Western-blot analysis using Maackia amurensis and Sambucus nigra lectins did not reveal any difference in protein sialylation. The results of serum corticosterone analysis indicate that showed increase in acute stress and decrease in chronic stress are in good accordance with the hypothesis that corticosterone has a role in the regulation of liver ST activity.

scholarly journals BRAF Exon 15 Mutations in Papillary Carcinoma and Adjacent Thyroid Parenchyma: A Search for the Early Molecular Events Associated with Tumor Development

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Acquaviva ◽  
Dario de Biase ◽  
Chiara Diquigiovanni ◽  
Chiara Maria Argento ◽  
Antonio De Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Function ◽  
Massively Parallel Sequencing ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Follicular Cell ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Mutagenic Process ◽  
Thyroid Parenchyma

BRAF exon 15 mutations are the most common molecular alterations found in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). To date, there is no information regarding BRAF alterations in the thyroid parenchyma surrounding the tumor. To explore the early events associated with the development of PTC, we used massively parallel sequencing to investigate BRAF exon 15 in 30 PTCs and in 100 samples from the thyroid parenchyma surrounding the tumor. BRAF p.V600E was identified in 19/30 PTCs (63.3%). BRAF p.V600E mutations were identified in the tissue adjacent the PTC only in samples containing psammoma bodies. The other samples were either BRAF wild type (WT) or carried BRAF non p.V600E mutations. Specifically, BRAF p.G593D, -p.A598T, -p.V600M, -p.R603Q, -p.S607F, and -p.S607P were identified in 4 of 36 (11.1%) samples with follicular cell atypia, in 2 of 16 (12.5%) with follicular cell hyperplasia, and in 1 of 33 (3.0%) histologically normal samples—Only in tissue surrounding BRAF p.V600E mutated PTCs. These mutations are predicted to affect protein function in silico but, in vitro, have kinase activity and BRAF phosphorylation levels similar to BRAF WT. No BRAF exon 15 mutations were identified in samples adjacent to PTCs that were BRAF WT. A mutagenic process affecting BRAF exon 15 occurs in a subset of thyroid glands that develop BRAF p.V600E mutated PTCs.

scholarly journals Chronic Effects of Flutamide in Male Beagle Dogs

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Doyle Frank ◽  
Neal Sharpe ◽  
Mary Celine Scott ◽  
Elmer Mirro ◽  
Barbara Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Clinical Indication ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Tubular Atrophy ◽  
Compensatory Response ◽  
Study Interval

Flutamide, a potent nonsteroidal antiandrogen, was administered orally to male beagle dogs for 2,3, or 4 years at doses of 10,20, or 40 mg/kg/day. At each study interval, the results of clinical pathology examinations, organ weight determinations, necropsy, and histopathologic examinations generally were similar and included atrophy of the prostate gland, testicular interstitial cell hyperplasia, and seminiferous tubular atrophy and degeneration. After 3 years of drug exposure, there were 3 dogs with testicular interstitial cell adenomas and a few dogs with 1 or more enlarged mammary gland nipples. Based upon the pharmacologic activity of flutamide, these findings were expected and considered the consequence of long-term blocking of testosterone receptors and an exaggerated compensatory response to increased secretion of luteinizing hormone. The findings of this study were consistent with other examples of dysregulated hormone stimulation of target tissues noted during the nonclinical safety assessment of flutamide. In consideration of the clinical indication of flutamide for advanced prostatic carcinoma and based upon reports of minimal flutamide-related adverse clinical responses, the findings of this study pose no concern for human risk assessment.

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