DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF LAKE BALKHASH DEPENDING ON NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS

2015 ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga A. Sharipova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Lake Balkhash ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Sharov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are studied. It has been shown that diatoms predominate in arctic water bodies according to species diversity, and green and diatoms predominate in boreal ones. By biomass, diatoms dominate mainly in all cold-water lakes, with the exception of small arctic lakes, where golden algae lead. The features of the reorganization of phytoplankton in response to the action of anthropogenic factors are revealed. It is proved that in the northern water bodies the complex action of heavy metals and nutrients does not lead to inhibition of phytoplankton, and the effect of acidification in combination with heavy metals enhances the toxic effect of the latter. A feature of the response to acidification is an increase in the variability of the dynamics of the biomass of phytoplankton. It has been shown that in different types of lakes of East Antarctica under severe climate conditions under light and biogenic limitation, redistribution of autotrophic components in the formation of the biota of water bodies occurs: against the background of a decrease in the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton, the role of microphytobenthos and periphyton increases.

Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Sharov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are studied. It has been shown that diatoms predominate in arctic water bodies according to species diversity, and green and diatoms predominate in boreal ones. By biomass, diatoms dominate mainly in all cold-water lakes, with the exception of small arctic lakes, where golden algae lead. The features of the reorganization of phytoplankton in response to the action of anthropogenic factors are revealed. It is proved that in the northern water bodies the complex action of heavy metals and nutrients does not lead to inhibition of phytoplankton, and the effect of acidification in combination with heavy metals enhances the toxic effect of the latter. A feature of the response to acidification is an increase in the variability of the dynamics of the biomass of phytoplankton. It has been shown that in different types of lakes of East Antarctica under severe climate conditions under light and biogenic limitation, redistribution of autotrophic components in the formation of the biota of water bodies occurs: against the background of a decrease in the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton, the role of microphytobenthos and periphyton increases.

Environmental evaluation of geochemical changes in bottom sediments of Ustia headwater

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
M. O. Klimenko ◽  
I. I. Zaleskyi ◽  
O. O. Biedunkova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Poor Grade ◽  
Geochemical Anomalies

Any changes to anthropogenic impact within the watersheds involving the transformation of ecosystem relationships cause irreversible changes in the structure and composition of sediments. The objective of the research was to analytically compare the results of the study on heavy metals in Ustia River sediments with the use of various methods for determining environmental geochemical changes in headwaters due to human transformation of the basin between 1994 and 2015. Ustia River experienced the highest anthropogenic impact during 1968–1994. Starting from 1968 and up to the present time the wastewater volume disposed to the river is more than 25 m3 per day. Despite the downturn in the national economy since the mid 90-ies of the 20th century, the negative impact on the environment of surface water area does not stop. The environmental evaluation of the bottom sediments of Ustia River was held basing on the results of spectral analysis of air-dried samples of silt fraction from the selected samples. The researcher analysed the content of heavy metals which emission takes place within the river basin as a result of runoff generated by chemical and woodworking industries, transport, wastewater and agricultural use of the territory, particularly Pb, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn and Cd. For the first time, researchers have figured out that for the past twenty years there has been no improvement in the overall ecological state of the Ustia River bottom sediments. The human impacts on the hydro-ecosystem, assessed according to the content of heavy metals, have moderated only in the river section near the headstream. The author views this fact as a consequence of reduced chemicals’ usage (i.e. fertilizers, pesticides, compost, sewage and animal waste) on the cultivated land in this part of the basin. The remaining sections of riverbed have experienced deterioration of the bottom sediments; it is particularly notable with regard to the content of such elements as Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb within the urban areas. The increase of the concentrations of metals in the sediments near Basiv Kut Dam Lake in 2015, compared with the relevant data for 1994, can serve as the evidence that the negative impact on hydro-ecosystem has intensified. In both observation periods the bottom sediments of the upper part of the river has demonstrated extremely high content of Mn. Hence, in 1994 it markedly declined in the central section of the stream, and in 2015 it appeared in significant concentrations in the sediments along the channel. It is obvious that in this case there are geochemical features of the basin; however the situation in 2015 indicates a change in the state of bottom sediments with regard to the content of Mn under the influence of anthropogenic factors. The analysis of the geochemical changes in bottom sediments of Ustia headwater from 1994 until 2015 show that the concentrations of such elements as Cu, Zn, Pb, Co and Cd in the bottom sediments according to 2015 data turned out to be higher compared to 1994, excluding the upper part of the river. Nevertheless the geochemical anomalies of Mn contents noticed along the channel are also the case in this situation. The level of anthropogenic impact, measured in terms of total pollution index for the concentration of heavy metals in bottom sediments in both observation periods appeared to be «weak» or «slightly increased» if there were toxic elements. Hence, if in 1994 there was a high risk of pollution of bottom sediments with such elements as zinc, lead and copper both in case of the relative background values and hygiene criteria (maximum allowable concentrations in soil), in 2015 cobalt also appeared among such elements. The level of contamination of sediments according to international contamination classes mainly shows «significant» and «increased» impact on different parts of the river for the Mn content (5–6 grades) in both observation periods; the Cu and Zn content vary from «low» to «moderate» in 1994 (1–3 grades) and from «low» to «substantial» in 2015 (2–4 grades); the Pb content is «poor» (grade 1) in 1994 and «moderate» in 2015; Co and Cd content describes human impact on hydro-ecosystem as «weak» in both periods (0–1 grades). The assessment methods used by the researcher allowed tracking various aspects of heavy metal pollution in the bottom sediments. Furthermore, they help discovering that nowadays the sediments of Ustia River play the role of anthropogeny outcome battery against the geochemical anomalies of individual elements.

scholarly journals Leaves and roots of Typha latifolia L. and Iris pseudacorus L. as bioindicators of contamination of bottom sediments by heavy metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Parzych ◽  
Małgorzata Cymer ◽  
Kamila Macheta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Iris Pseudacorus ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Abstract The paper concerns the bioaccumulation of zinc, nickel, iron and manganese in leaves and roots of selected macrophytes from the Krzynia Reservoir (northern Poland). The research was conducted within the area of 10 stations situated in the littoral zone of the reservoir. Samples of surface waters, bottom sediments and plants were taken in summer. Heavy metal content was determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method (ASA). The concentration of heavy metals in the waters of Krzynia Reservoir was low and noinfluence of anthropogenic factors was found. Concentration of heavy metals in the examined bottom sediments was low and remained within the limits of the geochemical background for Zn and Fe. In the case of Ni and Mn it sporadically exceeded the level of the geochemical background. The tested plants mainly accumulated heavy metals in roots, with the exception of nickel which appeared in larger quantities in leaves. The relationships among the content of the determined elements in the organs of macrophytes was identical for the tested species and could be arranged into the following sequences: Mn>Fe>Ni>Zn in leaves and Fe>Mn>Zn>Ni in roots. Statistically significant differences were found in the content of Mn in leaves and Zn and Fe in the roots of Typha latifolia L. and Iris pseudacorus L. By accumulating substantial quantities of heavy metals in their organs, macrophytes constitute an effective protective barrier for the waters and bottom sediments.

scholarly journals А Result of the histo-phatologic examination on edible organs of the livestock around the suspected mining area

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Bayartogtokh Bataa ◽  
Nurmukhammed Burshakhbai ◽  
Altanchimeg Adilbish ◽  
Lkhamjav Gendenpil ◽  
Tserenchimed Sainnokhoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Microscopic Change ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

In the last decade, there is growing concern about the increase in the number of unknown diseases of pasture livestock due to the natural and anthropogenic factors, such as heavy metals and dust exposure. Thus, it is necessary to measure the concentration of heavy metals in different organs of animals, as well as blood parameters assay and histopathology. We have collected samples from different suspected mining areas, using a random sampling method, and selected 15 goats and 15 sheep. The histopathologic study was performed in necropsy, also macroscopic and microscopic analysis were performed on the diseased animals comparing with healthy animals. In this study, 37.3 % of the sheep and 54.6% of the goat samples were found with gross lesions from different organs, while 24% of sheep and 18.6% of goat organs had microscopic change. Through histo-pathology study, small ruminant lungs of livestock from suspected mining areas were found with inflammatory nodules, while other edible organs were changed in a special transition. In conclusion, we assume the dust exposure from the mining area can be the reason behind the dysfunction. Уул уурхайн, хайгуул олборлолтын бүс орчимд бэлчээрлэж байсан малын эд, эрхтэнд эд судлалын шинжилгээ хийсэн дүнгээс Дэлхийн дулааралт, хуурайшилт болон хүний хүчин зүйлийн (байгаль орчинд халтай технологи бүхий уул уурхайн эрчимтэй үйлдвэрлэл, тээвэрлэлт, эмх замбараагүй олборлолт, хог хаягдал г.м) нөлөөлөлд  Монгол орны бэлчээрийн мал өртсөний улмаас онош нь тодорхойгүй өвчин, төрөл бүрийн хүнд металлын хордлогот эмгэг илэрч, өвчлөх, үхэх, тоо толгой нь хорогдох зэрэг эдийн засгийн хохирол бүхий тохиолдол сүүлийн жилүүдэд нэмэгдэх хандлагатай болсон. Иймд мал амьтны эд эрхтэнд агуулагдаж буй хүнд металлын агууламжийг тодорхойлохын зэрэгцээ биохими болон эд судлалын шинжилгээ хийх шаардлага урган гарсан. Эд судлалын шинжилгээнд төв аймгийн Заамар сумын алтны хайгуул, олборлолт явуулж буй бүс нутаг орчим бэлчээрлэж байсан 6 хонь, 6 ямаа, Дорноговь аймгийн Улаанбадрах, Зүүнбаян  сумын нутаг дэвсгэрт ураны хайгуул, туршилтын олборлолт явуулж буй бүс нутаг болон Айраг сумын жоншны уурхайн олборлолтын бүс нутаг орчим бэлчээрлэж байсан 9 хонь, 9 ямааны эд эрхтнүүдийг хамруулан шинжилгээ хийсэн. Түлхүүр үг: хонь, ямаа,  эд судлалын эмгэгт өөрчлөлт, үлэмж ба бичил бүтэц

scholarly journals Evaluation of the ecological and geochemical state of surface water in Donbas

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Ye. O. Yakovliev ◽  
А. О. Splodytel ◽  
S. М. Chumachenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metallurgical Coke ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Background Content ◽  
Geochemical State

The article covers evaluation of the ecological and geochemical state of surface water and bottom sediments in Donbas, as well as their pollution resulting from spatio-temporal changes of natural and anthropogenic factors. It was established that chemogenic pollution occurs due to penetration of polluting elements into surface water as a result of filtration leaks from sedimentation tanks and water discharges made by enterprises of coal, chemical, metallurgical, coke-chemical and petrochemical industries. Increased concentrations of biogenic elements (mineral forms of nitrogen and iron) were recorded in the water of the Siverskyi Donets and the Luhan Rivers. The most significant deterioration of groundwater quality because of high content of sulfates and chlorides is observed within the watersheds of the Luhan River's valley. Measurement results of the metals content indicated an increased content of copper and manganese. Some values even exceed the average annual concentrations specified by the existing normative values. In general, the results of the pollutants content analysis in the river basins under study did not reveal significant changes in the content of heavy metals during the period of military actions as compared to the results of government monitoring by 2014. The obtained experimental data indicate that vanadium, chromium and copper dominate in bottom sediments of all the studied objects. The greatest accumulation of heavy metals is observed in the Bakhmutka River and the Kryvyi Torets River. The research established that copper and plumbum in the bottom sediment samples taken from the Kryvyi Torets exceed the background values by 4-5 times. Zinc and vanadium exceed the background content values by 10 and 4 times, respectively. The same indicators are slightly lower in the Volyntsevske Reservoir and this fact is associated with more intense processes of water exchange and certain peculiarities of bottom sediments granulometric composition. Concentration of zinc is 3 times as much as the background level, vanadium and manganese – twice as much. Heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the studied water bodies are characterized by uneven distribution. Vanadium and copper dominate in the content of bottom sediments. Concentrations of zinc, vanadium and nickel at certain objects also exceed their regional background content values. Titanium was detected in minimum quantities.

Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Sharov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are studied. It has been shown that diatoms predominate in arctic water bodies according to species diversity, and green and diatoms predominate in boreal ones. By biomass, diatoms dominate mainly in all cold-water lakes, with the exception of small arctic lakes, where golden algae lead. The features of the reorganization of phytoplankton in response to the action of anthropogenic factors are revealed. It is proved that in the northern water bodies the complex action of heavy metals and nutrients does not lead to inhibition of phytoplankton, and the effect of acidification in combination with heavy metals enhances the toxic effect of the latter. A feature of the response to acidification is an increase in the variability of the dynamics of the biomass of phytoplankton. It has been shown that in different types of lakes of East Antarctica under severe climate conditions under light and biogenic limitation, redistribution of autotrophic components in the formation of the biota of water bodies occurs: against the background of a decrease in the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton, the role of microphytobenthos and periphyton increases.

Phytoplankton of cold-water lake ecosystems under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
Andrey N. Sharov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Arctic Water ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Based on the study of the spatio-temporal aspects of the development of phytoplankton in the lakes of the North and North-West of the European territory of Russia (large lakes – Imandra, Onega and Chudsko-Pskovskoye and small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic), the features of its structure and dynamics under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors (eutrophication, heavy metal pollution, acidification, thermification). The species composition and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton of large lakes of the North of Russia, small arctic lakes and lakes of subarctic regions are studied. It has been shown that diatoms predominate in arctic water bodies according to species diversity, and green and diatoms predominate in boreal ones. By biomass, diatoms dominate mainly in all cold-water lakes, with the exception of small arctic lakes, where golden algae lead. The features of the reorganization of phytoplankton in response to the action of anthropogenic factors are revealed. It is proved that in the northern water bodies the complex action of heavy metals and nutrients does not lead to inhibition of phytoplankton, and the effect of acidification in combination with heavy metals enhances the toxic effect of the latter. A feature of the response to acidification is an increase in the variability of the dynamics of the biomass of phytoplankton. It has been shown that in different types of lakes of East Antarctica under severe climate conditions under light and biogenic limitation, redistribution of autotrophic components in the formation of the biota of water bodies occurs: against the background of a decrease in the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton, the role of microphytobenthos and periphyton increases.

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