FEATURES OF FORMATION OF PRODUCTION COSTS IN ORGANIZATION OF THE ENERGY COMPLEX

The article proposes an improved system of statistical indicators for assessing the state and development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia, which defines a methodological approach to identifying factors and trends in its development. The introduction highlights the relevance of modernization of information and methodological support for reaching decisions on new tasks, including those related to the digitalization of the economy and implementation of the national projects’ portfolio. The body of the article critically examines the current configuration of official and departmental statistical information, based on which the authors selected 85 key indicators reflecting the state and development level of the fuel and energy complex of Russia. All of them can be delineated by sectors and analysis tasks. This evaluation system includes 7 blocks: general block characterizing the role of the fuel and energy complex in the economic system; key industry performance indicators; indicators of the production structure by industry; technological indicators of industries; prices for fuel and energy resources; production costs by industry; distribution indicators of fuel and energy resources. The paper analyses development trends in the fuel and energy sectors for 2008-2018. In particular, the authors’ research showed that modern oil production is characterized by a change in the territorial structure, as well as the reinstatement of the role of vertically integrated companies in the development of oil production. The article presents findings on the technological upgrading of Russian oil refining. However, the authors’ research proved that oil refining depth has ceased to be a reliable indicator of the level of technological equipment and modernization level of oil refineries. With regard to the development of the gas industry, there has been a steady increase in gas production, which is supported by maintaining a steady increase in demand for Russian gas in the domestic and foreign markets. The all-time high domestic consumer demand for gas fuel, associated with the Russian Regions Gasification Program implemented by the Ministry of Energy of Russia, was recorded. At the same time, the authors identified the main risk factors in the development of the industry related to Gazprom (a backbone of the energy sector) activities. The persistent positive growth dynamics in commodity production of associated petroleum gas was established. It was also noted that the highest percentage of its beneficial use is characteristic of operators of production sharing agreements. As for the results of the analysis of the coal industry, a matter of interest is the growth of domestic prices for coal products and related derivative trends. Particular attention is paid to the development of the possibilities of using over-the-counter coal price indicators. Replacement of coal with natural gas at a thermal power station in most regions of the country is of interest within the identified development trends of the electric power industry in Russia, which is explained by the environmental friendliness of electricity generation.

Download Full-text

Key performance indicators of major companies: a study on Russian metallurgical industry

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201912405086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 124 ◽

pp. 05086

Author(s):

Daria Baklanovskaya ◽

Marat Goguadze ◽

Alexey Shmatko

Keyword(s):

Financial Stability ◽

Metallurgical Industry ◽

Environmental Safety ◽

Production Costs ◽

Energy Costs ◽

Short Term ◽

Energy Complex ◽

Fixed Assets ◽

Short And Long Term

The development of the metallurgical industry requires investing in the environmental safety of processes and technologies of metal processing, as well as to the measures aimed at energy costs reduction. We will look at the economic impact of reducing production costs by saving resources and improving the efficiency of the energy complex. The financial effect of reducing energy consumption per unit of production can be achieved by optimizing the purchase of energy resources, modes of operation of technological and support equipment, improving the management of the company’s energy complex. The article examines the most important indicators of the operating and financial activities of the three companies in the steel industry—Novolipetsk and Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Plants, as well as Severstal PJSC. The financial stability of these companies and the agility of their capital are quite high, and their fixed assets are financed by their own funds. Companies are also financially stable in the short term, as evidenced by the high current liquidity ratios (2 and above), and their own capital exceeds borrowing by 1.5 to 2 times. Thus, we can conclude that they are operationally efficient and have good financial sustainability in the short and long term.

Download Full-text

Universal tooling cuts jig and fixture production costs

Production Engineer ◽

10.1049/tpe.1982.0220 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 61 (12) ◽

pp. 27

Keyword(s):

Production Costs

Download Full-text

Establishment and Production Costs for Peach Orchards in Florida: Enterprise Budget and Profitability Analysis

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-fe1016-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ariel Singerman ◽

Marina Burani Arouca ◽

Mercy A. Olmstead

Keyword(s):

Discount Rate ◽

Production Costs ◽

Fixed Costs ◽

Average Price ◽

Land Preparation ◽

Profitability Analysis ◽

Enterprise Budget ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Peach Orchard

The article summarizes the establishment and production costs, as well as the potential profitability of a peach orchard in Florida. Our findings show the initial investment required for a peach operation in Florida to be $6,457 per acre; the expense in land preparation and planting alone in year 1 is $2,541 per acre. Variable and fixed costs in years 2 through 15 average $5,680 per acre. As an example of profitability, when using a 10% discount rate, an operation yielding 6,525 (7,254) pounds of marketable fruit per acre during its most productive years obtains a positive NPV when the average price is $2.38 ($2.13) per pound.

Download Full-text

Assessment of occupational exposure of workers of the fuel and energy complex

Environmental Protection in Oil and Gas Complex ◽

10.33285/2411-7013-2019-2(287)-55-58 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 55-58

Author(s):

M.V. Ivanova ◽

Keyword(s):

Occupational Exposure ◽

Energy Complex

Download Full-text

Peeping at nature with the Reverend Charles A. Hall FRMS (1872–1965)

Archives of Natural History ◽

10.3366/anh.2015.0275 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 10-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. G. Moore

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Natural History ◽

Production Costs ◽

Visual Appeal ◽

Young Readers ◽

Simple Language ◽

Quality Production

Attention is drawn to the contents, pedagogic style and visual appeal of the 17-volume “Peeps at nature” series published by A. & C. Black between 1911 and 1935. Edited by the Reverend Charles Albert Hall (a Swedenborgian minister), who also contributed most of the titles, this series was a quality production but one that was cheap enough to be readily accessible to young readers. Its volumes were written in simple language and included colour pictures. With time, the flamboyant artistry of the covers that so characterized the earlier volumes was replaced by more muted designs, possibly to reduce production costs. Later contributors abandoned anthropomorphism and the moralizing tone of many nineteenth-century popularizers of natural history, although styles of writing varied between the early and later contributors to the series, becoming less technical with time.

Download Full-text

CONVEYOR MODEL AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REAL NUMBERS ADDER ON FPGA

ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS ◽

10.15276/eltecs.33.109.2020.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (109) ◽

pp. 21-31

Author(s):

І. Ya. Zeleneva ◽

Т. V. Golub ◽

T. S. Diachuk ◽

А. Ye. Didenko

Keyword(s):

Performance Improvement ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Production Costs ◽

Floating Point ◽

Computing Device ◽

Quartus Ii ◽

Functional Blocks ◽

Mental Testing ◽

Processor Cores ◽

Floating Point Numbers

The purpose of these studies is to develop an effective structure and internal functional blocks of a digital computing device – an adder, that performs addition and subtraction operations on floating- point numbers presented in IEEE Std 754TM-2008 format. To improve the characteristics of the adder, the circuit uses conveying, that is, division into levels, each of which performs a specific action on numbers. This allows you to perform addition / subtraction operations on several numbers at the same time, which increas- es the performance of calculations, and also makes the adder suitable for use in modern synchronous cir- cuits. Each block of the conveyor structure of the adder on FPGA is synthesized as a separate project of a digital functional unit, and thus, the overall task is divided into separate subtasks, which facilitates experi- mental testing and phased debugging of the entire device. Experimental studies were performed using EDA Quartus II. The developed circuit was modeled on FPGAs of the Stratix III and Cyclone III family. An ana- logue of the developed circuit was a functionally similar device from Altera. A comparative analysis is made and reasoned conclusions are drawn that the performance improvement is achieved due to the conveyor structure of the adder. Implementation of arithmetic over the floating-point numbers on programmable logic integrated cir- cuits, in particular on FPGA, has such advantages as flexibility of use and low production costs, and also provides the opportunity to solve problems for which there are no ready-made solutions in the form of stand- ard devices presented on the market. The developed adder has a wide scope, since most modern computing devices need to process floating-point numbers. The proposed conveyor model of the adder is quite simple to implement on the FPGA and can be an alternative to using built-in multipliers and processor cores in cases where the complex functionality of these devices is redundant for a specific task.

Download Full-text

ZONGULDAK İLİNDE İHRACAT YAPAN FİRMALARIN İHRACATTA KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SORUNLAR

Business And Management Studies An International Journal ◽

10.15295/bmij.v1i3.70 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 249

Author(s):

Ramazan Aksoy ◽

Canan Yıldıran

Keyword(s):

Production Costs ◽

International Competition ◽

Face To Face ◽

Chamber Of Commerce ◽

Statistical Program

In this study, it is subjected to define what kind of export problems come up for the company exporting in Zonguldak. It is interviewed with 35 exporter companies recorded in Turkey Exporters Assembly and Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Prepared questionnaire form’s data are analyzed with SPSS 15 statistical program as the results of the activity which is performed through face to face meetings with company’s executives. As the result of the analysis, it is defined that exporter companies face big problems in production costs as for carrying, storing and distribution and international competition conditions. As the result of the activities, we see that there is a relevance regarding whether there is an exporter department in the companies and regarding being a proactive and reactive exporter.

Download Full-text