Incorporation of Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Egg shell Powder as Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Sustainable Foamed Concrete

Rapid global infrastructural developments and advanced material science, amongst other factors, have escalated the demand for concrete. Cement, which is an integral part of concrete, binds the various individual solid materials to form a cohesive mass. Its production to a large extent emits many tons of greenhouse gases, with nearly 10% of global carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) emanating from cement production. This, coupled with an increase in the advocacy for environmental sustainability, has led to the development of various innovative solutions and supplementary cementitious materials. These aims to substantially reduce the overall volume of cement required in concrete and to meet the consistently increasing demand for concrete, which is projected to increase as a result of rapid construction and infrastructural development trends. Palm oil fuel ash (POFA), an industrial byproduct that is a result of the incineration of palm oil wastes due to electrical generation in power plants has unique properties, as it is a very reactive materials with robust pozzolanic tendencies, and which exhibits adequate micro-filling capabilities. In this study, a review on the material sources, affecting factors, and durability characteristics of POFA are carefully appraised. Moreover, in this study, a review of correlated literature with a broad spectrum of insights into the likely utilization of POFA-based eco-friendly concrete composites as a green material for the present construction of modern buildings is presented.

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Preliminary Investigation of Thermal Behavior of Lightweight Foamed Concrete Incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Eggshell Powder

Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering ◽

10.3311/ppci.16498 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Samiullah Sohu ◽

Sajjad Ali Mangi ◽

Aamir Khan Mastoi

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Control Sample ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Dry Density ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Thermal Insulating ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Oil Fuel

This study was performed to investigate the thermal and mechanical properties of foamed concrete when supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are utilized. Sustainable foamed concrete of 1800 kg/m3 dry density was prepared by incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) ranging from 30 % to 35 % and Eggshell Powder (ESP) from 5 % to 15 % as SCMs. It was found that the combined utilization of POFA and ESP in the foamed concrete produced favorable results by reducing the thermal conductivity up to 42.68 % compared to the control sample, thus enhanced thermal insulating property of foamed concrete. This study confirmed that recycling and reusing of POFA and ESP are possible in foamed concrete which could be used for non-structural applications where thermal insulating is required.

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Thermomechanical evaluation of sustainable foamed concrete incorporating palm oil fuel ash and eggshell powder

Journal of Engineering Research ◽

10.36909/jer.v9i3a.8290 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3A) ◽

Author(s):

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Noridah Mohamad ◽

Kim Hung Mo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽

Dry Density ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Exterior Surface ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Oil Fuel ◽

Mechanical Strengths

Increased usage of concrete contributes to urban thermal discomfort due to the Urban Heat Island effect. At the same time, the corresponding increased consumption of cement also causes a significant rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This experimental work aims at evaluating the thermal and mechanical performance of 1800 kg/m3 dry density green sustainable foamed concrete (GFC) incorporating agroindustrial waste such as Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and Eggshell Powder (ESP) as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The POFA content varied from 15 to 35%, with increments of 5%, while being supplemented with 5% ESP. To evaluate the performance of the developed GFC, the flowability, mechanical strengths (compressive and splitting tensile strengths), and thermal performances (thermal conductivity and surface temperature) were investigated. Incorporation of 15-25% of POFA supplemented with 5% ESP as partial cement replacement materials resulted in enhanced mechanical strengths. Although usage of POFA can reduce the thermal conductivity, the POFA content must be limited to 15–25% to prevent excessive heat absorption by the exterior surface of the concrete. Overall, the optimum use of 15% POFA in a combination of 5% ESP is desirable to produce an eco-friendly sustainable foamed concrete.

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Chemical and Fresh State Properties of Foamed Concrete Incorporating Palm Oil Fuel Ash and Eggshell Ash as Cement Replacement

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.30.22307 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.30) ◽

pp. 350 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sufian Kamaruddin ◽

Wan Inn Goh ◽

Ashfaque Ahmed Jhatial ◽

Muhammad Tahir Lakhiar

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Waste Materials ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Cement Replacement ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Fresh State ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Chemical Analysis Result ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

Oil Fuel

Malaysia faces three major environmental problems, out of which solid waste and management is one of them. Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and eggshells are two agro-food waste materials which are produced in enormous quantities in Malaysia. Due to the characteristics possessed by eggshells and POFA, these waste materials can potentially be utilized in the production as cement replacement, reducing the use of cement which is one of the major production of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas emissions. This study was conducted to determine the chemical and fresh state properties of foamed concrete incorporating POFA and eggshell ash (ESA) as cement replacement. Based upon the results, it was observed that the increase in usage amount of POFA and ESA as cement replacement, the workability of foamed concrete reduced without blocking. For the chemical analysis result shows the POFA which had high amount of silicon dioxide and ESA having large amount of calcium oxide were compatible and could be used together as cement replacement. The use of ESA and POFA as cement replacement to reduce the cement consumption with various percentage of ESA (0% - 15%) and POFA (20% - 35%) in 1800 kg/m3 density of foamed concrete.

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Fresh and hardened properties of lightweight foamed concrete with palm oil fuel ash as filler

Construction and Building Materials ◽

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.04.015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Siong Kang Lim ◽

Cher Siang Tan ◽

Ooi Yuan Lim ◽

Yee Ling Lee

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Hardened Properties ◽

Oil Fuel

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Flexure Behaviour of Foamed Concrete Incorporating Banana Skin Powder and Palm Oil Fuel Ash Strengthened with Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plate

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/601/1/012025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 601 ◽

pp. 012025

Author(s):

Noridah Mohamad ◽

Muhammad Afif Iman ◽

Abdul Aziz Abdul Samad ◽

Md Azree Othuman Mydin ◽

Suriani Jusoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Fibre ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Foamed Concrete ◽

Reinforced Plate ◽

Oil Fuel

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Strength Development of Fine Grained Mortar Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash as a Partial Cement Replacement

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.964 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 773-774 ◽

pp. 964-968 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wan Yuslinda Wan Yusof ◽

Suraya Hani Adnan ◽

Zalipah Jamellodin ◽

Noor Shuhada Mohammad

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Fine Sand ◽

Cementitious Materials ◽

Strength Development ◽

Palm Oil Fuel Ash ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Fuel Ash ◽

Partial Cement Replacement ◽

Oil Fuel

This study was focusing on the utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) and the effect of fine sand to develop the strength of the mortar. The flexural and compressive strength of fine grained mortar (FGM) with the addition of POFA and the sand usage with a size less than 1 mm were investigated. Then, the optimum percentage of POFA as a replacement material for cement was determined. Cement was partially replaced with POFA at various percentage of 0 % to 40 % by weight of cementitious materials with three (3) samples for each percentage. The laboratory test was conducted for this study are divided into two which are properties of samples (X-ray fluorescence and particle size analyzer), and hardened mortar (compressive and flexural strength). The prism specimens size are 40 mm x 40 mm x 160 mm and were tested at the age of 7 and 28 days according to BS EN 196-1:2005: Method of Testing Cement. The results showed that the highest flexural and compression strength is at 10 % due to a factor which is the effect of POFA and fine sand produce a strong bond between the particles with the longer curing time, that is after 14 days. This is indicated that an additional of 10 % POFA in FGM is the optimal percentage of POFA as a replacement for cement.

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