MANIPULATION OF BOLTING AND FLOWERING IN SPINACH (SPINACIA OLERACEA L.) TRANSPLANT PRODUCTION SYSTEM USING ARTIFICIAL LIGHT

2000 ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chun ◽  
T. Kozai ◽  
C. Kubota ◽  
K. Okabe
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Bolting And Flowering

scholarly journals Bolting and Growth of Spinacia oleracea L. Can be Altered by Modifying the Photoperiod during Transplant Production

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhoo Chun ◽  
Ayumi Watanabe ◽  
Toyoki Kozai ◽  
Hyeon-Hye Kim ◽  
Junya Fuse
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Flower Stalk ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Critical Photoperiod ◽  
Long Photoperiod

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. cv. Dimple) was chosen to determine whether bolting (i.e., elongation of flower stalks) could be controlled by manipulating the photoperiod during transplant production in a closed system using artificial light. Plants grown under various photoperiods during transplant production were transferred and cultured under natural short photoperiods and artificial long photoperiods. Vegetative growth at transplanting tended to be greater with the longer photoperiod because of the increased integrated photosynthetic photon flux. Bolting initiation reacted qualitatively to a long photoperiod, and the critical photoperiod for bolting initiation was longer than 13 h and shorter than 15 h. The plants grown under a longer photoperiod during transplant production had longer flower stalks at harvest. The long photoperiod and/or high temperature after transplanting therefore promoted flower stalk elongation. Growing plants under a photoperiod that was shorter than the critical photoperiod during transplant production reduced elongation of the flower stalks, thus there was no loss of market value even though the plants were cultured under a long photoperiod and high temperature for 2 weeks after transplanting.

scholarly journals 233 Effects of Photoperiod during Transplant Production under Artificial Lighting Conditions on Floral Development and Bolting of Spinacia oleracea L.

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 482C-482
Author(s):  
Hyeon-Hye Kim ◽  
Changhoo Chun ◽  
Toyoki Kozai ◽  
Junya Fuse
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Short Photoperiod ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) was chosen to demonstrate that value-added transplant can be relatively easily produced under artificial light in a closed system. Transplant production under artificial light was divided into three periods, and the photoperiod during each period was varied. It was found that the rate of floral development could be controlled by photoperiod treatments, although floral initiation itself could not be manipulated. Short photoperiod treatments retarded floral development and stem elongation. This occurred even when the transplants were transferred for transplanting to natural conditions with long days and high temperatures. In conclusion, by providing the short photoperiod during the transplant production process, marketable plants with negligible bolting can be produced under natural long-day conditions. Moreover, the production cost per transplant in summer could be reduced by using a combination of natural and artificial lighting during the transplant production process. These results open the possibility to produce value-added transplants of different species under artificial lighting conditions and control their floral development and/or stem elongation for a timely and profitable harvest.

Versuche zur präparativen Isolierung pflanzlicher Zellorganellen mittels der trägerfreien, kontinuierlichen Ablenkungselektrophorese

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1072-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hannig ◽  
W. Klofat ◽  
H. Endres
Keyword(s):  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
Helianthus Annus

Es wird eine präparative Methode zur Isolierung pflanzlicher Zellbestandteile mittels der trägerfreien, kontinuierlichen Ablenkungselektrophorese nach HANNIG 1, 2 kurz skizziert. Als Versuchsmaterial dienen Blätter von Spinat (Spinacia oleracea L.), Sonnenblumen (Helianthus annus L.) und Löwenzahn (Taraxacum officinale Web.).Die Verteilungskurven werden durch Extinktionsmessung der einzelnen Fraktionen in den Auffanggläschen erhalten. Die Definition der Teilchen erfolgt vorläufig morphologisch durch Anfärben und lichtmikroskopische Prüfung als auch durch elektronenmikroskopische Kontrolle nach vorheriger Präparation nach dem „negativ staining“ Verfahren 3,4 oder Kontrastierung mit Phosphorwolframsäure.Bei der Trennung werden Zellkerne und Zellkernfragmente, ganze Chloroplasten, „Mitochondrien“ und plasmatische Strukturen erhalten.

scholarly journals A review on the genetic resources, domestication and breeding history of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Euphytica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnau Ribera ◽  
Yuling Bai ◽  
Anne-Marie A. Wolters ◽  
Rob van Treuren ◽  
Chris Kik
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea L ◽  
History Of ◽  
Breeding History
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