INTERPLOIDY CROSSES IN ROSES: USE OF TRIPLOIDS

2005 ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Van Huylenbroeck ◽  
L. Leus ◽  
E. Van Bockstaele
Keyword(s):  
Interploidy Crosses

Dihaploid induction ability of three clones of Solanum phureja (2n = 2x = 24) in interploidy cross with S. tuberosum (2n = 4x = 48)

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
J. Panahandeh
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Seed Parent ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Interploidy Crosses ◽  
Tuber Colour ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tetraploid Level ◽  
Pollen Shed ◽  
The Given

Potato, Solanum tuberosum L. (2n = 4x = 48), is an autotetraploid species, the breeding of which at the tetraploid level is complicated by tetrasomic inheritance. Dihaploids (2n = 2x = 24) from the tetraploid cultivated potato have great potential for breeding and genetic studies. The common method deployed to obtain potato dihaploids is to make interspecific-interploidy (4x × 2x) crosses between a tetraploid seed parent and special clones from the diploid S. phureja as pollinator. Pollinators carrying a marker gene have been used, but unfortunately, these clones were very weak, with rare flowering and low male fertility under the given conditions. To find a suitable pollinator, three clones were selected from S. phureja based on flowering, pollen shed and male fertility and were crossed with five cultivated tetraploid potatoes to evaluate their dihaploid induction ability. A total of 1529 interploidy crosses were made, resulting in 1116 berries and 1456 seeds. The progeny were divided into two groups based on stem, flower and tuber colour: hybrids and non-hybrids (putative dihaploids). Chromosome counting in non-hybrid genotypes detected 39 dihaploids. The clone phu 3 and cv. Picasso, with 12.1 and 10.7 dihaploids per 100 berries, respectively, were the best dihaploid inducer and seed parent for dihaploid production.

scholarly journals When Genomes Collide: Aberrant Seed Development Following Maize Interploidy Crosses

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Pennington ◽  
L. M. Costa ◽  
J. F. Gutierrez-Marcos ◽  
A. J. Greenland ◽  
H. G. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Interploidy Crosses

Parent-of-origin effects on seed development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (17) ◽  
pp. 3329-3341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Scott ◽  
M. Spielman ◽  
J. Bailey ◽  
H.G. Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Extreme Phenotypes ◽  
Interploidy Crosses ◽  
Parent Of Origin ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Triple Dose

Many flowering plants are polyploid, but crosses between individuals of different ploidies produce seeds that develop abnormally and usually abort. Often, seeds from interploidy crosses develop differently depending on whether the mother or father contributes more chromosome sets, suggesting that maternal and paternal genomes are not functionally equivalent. Here we present the first cytological investigation of seed development following interploidy crosses in Arabidopsis thaliana. We find that crosses between diploid and tetraploid plants in either direction, resulting in double the normal dose of maternal or paternal genomes in the seed, produce viable seeds containing triploid embryos. However, development of the seed and in particular the endosperm is abnormal, with maternal and paternal genomic excess producing complementary phenotypes. A double dose of maternal genomes with respect to paternal contribution inhibits endosperm development and ultimately produces a smaller embryo. In contrast, a double dose of paternal genomes promotes growth of the endosperm and embryo. Reciprocal crosses between diploids and hexaploids, resulting in a triple dose of maternal or paternal genomes, produce seeds that begin development with similar but more extreme phenotypes than those with a double dose, but these invariably abort. One explanation of our observations is that seeds with maternal or paternal excess contain different doses of maternally or paternally expressed imprinted loci affecting endosperm development.

scholarly journals The Maternally Expressed WRKY Transcription Factor TTG2 Controls Lethality in Interploidy Crosses of Arabidopsis

PLoS Biology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian P Dilkes ◽  
Melissa Spielman ◽  
Renate Weizbauer ◽  
Brian Watson ◽  
Diana Burkart-Waco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Interploidy Crosses

scholarly journals Fertility and Progeny Ploidy of Triploids in China Rosa Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Feng ◽  
Naizhe Ji ◽  
Yu Xie ◽  
Beibei Ge ◽  
Yanhua Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Pollen Size ◽  
Rosa Multiflora ◽  
Viable Pollen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Future ◽  
Interploidy Crosses ◽  
Species Evolution

Abstract Background Although triploid plants are often assumed to be sterile, in Rosa, triploids appear to have been important in both species evolution and breeding. A better understanding of the fertility of China Rosa triploids and their behavior when used in interploidy crosses will not only improve gene introgression from China triploid roses to modern roses, but also enhance our understanding of male and female fertility mechanism with triploids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of five triploid China roses for breeding by measuring the pollen size, quantifying the fertility and following the ploidy transmission of interploidy crosses. Results In the five triploids, the pollen grain size of Rosa multiflora var. cathayensis Rehd ‘Fen Tuan Qiang Wei’ followed a normal distribution, suggesting that 1 mainly ploidy level pollen grain were produced, while the pollen size of other 4 triploids followed skewed, flattened, and slightly bimodal distributions, indicating a wide range of chromosome numbers. Although none of the 5 triploids produced hips as females, 3 gave good hip and seed production on the tetraploid mother plant when used as the pollen parents. Based on the ploidy level analysis of their progeny, ‘Fen Tuan Qiang Wei’ produced 1n viable pollen whereas ‘Chun Shui Lü Bo’ and ‘Yu Shi Zhuang’ produced 2n viable pollen. In the meiosis of triploids, the triads, pentads and microcyte in the meiosis products indicated the objective triploid production of euploid pollen grains. Conclusions In this study we reported 1 China triploid rose produces 1n viable pollen, and 2 China triploid roses produce 2n viable pollen, and no anueploid progeny was produced. Our results indicate that the triploids contribute significantly to tetraploids formation in the crossing system of Genus Rosa, and it is possible for breeders to create novel rose types with valuable triploids in the future. With the special triploid resources found in this experiment, Genus Rosa will be an excellent material to study the mechanism of triploids in the future.

Analysis of nuclear DNA content and ploidy levels in 3x × 4x Lilium (Lilium × elegans L.) progenies by flow cytometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mast Ram Dhiman ◽  
Siddharth Moudgil ◽  
Chander Parkash ◽  
Raj Kumar ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Interploidy Crosses ◽  
Lilium Lancifolium

Interploidy crosses between Lilium lancifolium (3x) and Asiatic lily cultivar ‘Brunello’ (4x) were attempted for creating genetic variability and to analyse the progenies for different ploidy levels. Experimental results revealed that most of the crosses attempted were developed into fruits, confirming that male-sterile triploid lilies can be used as the female parent for crossing with a suitable male parent. Wide variation in chromosome numbers (28 to 38) was obtained in different plant progenies, indicating that aneuploidy is generated by 3x × 4x crosses. The nuclear DNA content analysis of 13 plant progenies showed that the 2C nuclear DNA content has increased (range = 32.60 pg to 41.32 pg) as compared to Lilium lancifolium, while it was found lower than the cultivar ‘Brunello. Further, morphological characterization of different plant progenies revealed significant differences among themselves, which confirmed the dependence of these traits on cultivars ploidy level. Therefore, present findings will be instrumental for development of new Lilium cultivars with high aesthetic value and utility.

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