USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND GLUCOSYNOLATES TO CONTROL INSECTS AND VIRAL DAMAGES ON TOMATO CULTIVATED IN OPEN FIELD

α-Pinene, an organic terpene compound found in coniferous trees, is used as a safe food additive and is contained in many essential oils. Moreover, some studies have shown that α-pinene suppresses neuronal activity. In this study, we investigated whether inhalation of α-pinene suppresses dizocilpine (MK-801-) induced schizophrenia-like behavioural abnormalities in mice. Mice inhaled α-pinene 1 h before the first MK-801 injection. Thirty minutes after MK-801 injection, the open field, spontaneous locomotor activity, elevated plus maze, Y-maze, tail suspension, hot plate, and grip strength tests were conducted as behavioural experiments. Inhalation of α-pinene suppressed the activity of mice in the spontaneous locomotor activity test and although it did not suppress the MK-801-induced increased locomotor activity in the open field test, it remarkably decreased the time that the mice remained in the central area. Inhalation of α-pinene suppressed the MK-801-induced increased total distance travelled in the Y-maze test, whereas it did not alter the MK-801-induced reduced threshold of antinociception in the hot plate test. In the tail suspension and grip strength tests, there was no effect on mouse behaviour by administration of MK-801 and inhalation of α-pinene. These results suggest that α-pinene acts to reduce MK-801-induced behavioural abnormalities resembling those seen in neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, both medicinal plants and essential oils containing α-pinene may have potential for therapeutic treatment of schizophrenia.

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Composition of Essential Oils from Roots and Aerial Parts of Carpesium divaricatum, a Traditional Herbal Medicine and Wild Edible Plant from South-East Asia, Grown in Poland

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24234418 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (23) ◽

pp. 4418

Author(s):

Anna Wajs-Bonikowska ◽

Janusz Malarz ◽

Anna Stojakowska

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Open Field ◽

Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽

Wild Edible Plant ◽

Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Specialized Metabolites ◽

Thymol Derivatives ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Volatile Terpenoids

Carpesium divaricatum Sieb. and Zucc. has long been used both as traditional medicine and seasonal food. The most extensively studied specialized metabolites synthesized by the plant are sesquiterpene lactones of germacrane-type. Low-molecular and volatile terpenoids produced by C. divaricatum, however, have never been explored. In this work, compositions of essential oils distilled from roots and shoots of C. divaricatum plants, cultivated either in the open field or in the glasshouse have been studied by GC-MS-FID supported by NMR spectroscopy. The analyses led to the identification of 145 compounds in all, 112 of which were localized in aerial parts and 80 in roots of the plants grown in the open field. Moreover, remarkable differences in composition of oils produced by aerial and underground parts of C. divaricatum have been observed. The major volatiles found in the shoots were: α-pinene (40%), nerol (4%) and neryl-isobutyrate (3%), whereas predominant components of the root oil were 10-isobutyryloxy-8,9-epoxythymyl-isobutyrate (29%), thymyl-isobutyrate (6%) and 9-isobutyryloxythymyl-isobutyrate (6%). In the analyzed oils, seventeen thymol derivatives were identified. Among them eight compounds were specific for roots. Roots of the plants cultivated in the glasshouse were, in general, a poor source of essential oil in comparison with those of the plants grown in the open field. Chemophenetic relationships with other taxa of the Inuleae-Inulineae were also briefly discussed.

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Essential oils, amino acids and polyphenols changes in salt-stressed Thymus vulgaris exposed to open–field and shade enclosure

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.07.012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 223-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ahlem Zrig ◽

Taieb Tounekti ◽

Hamada -->AbdElgawad ◽

Momtaz M. Hegab ◽

Sarra Oueled Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Open Field ◽

Thymus Vulgaris

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Essential Oils and Related Products

Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.1021/ac60198a019 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 35 (5) ◽

pp. 5-0 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James A. Rogers

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils

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New S-prenyl thioesters from essential oils of some Rutaceae

Phytochemistry ◽

10.1016/s0031-9422(00)82118-4 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 1537-1539 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

W Campbell

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils

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Gynecomastia Tied to Essential Oils

Skin & Allergy News ◽

10.1016/s0037-6337(07)70131-6 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

MARY ANN MOON

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils

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Chemically Contaminated Eel Fed to Pregnant and Lactating Mouse Dams Causes Hyperactivity in Their Offspring

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000288 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (1-2) ◽

pp. 36-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Imen Dridi ◽

Nidhal Soualeh ◽

Torsten Bohn ◽

Rachid Soulimani ◽

Jaouad Bouayed

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Early Life ◽

Home Cage ◽

Anguilla Anguilla ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Early Life Exposure ◽

Cage Test

Abstract.This study examined whether perinatal exposure to polluted eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) induces changes in the locomotor activity of offspring mice across lifespan (post-natal days (PNDs) 47 – 329), using the open field and the home cage activity tests. Dams were exposed during gestation and lactation, through diets enriched in eels naturally contaminated with pollutants including PCBs. Analysis of the eel muscle focused on the six non-dioxin-like (NDL) indicator PCBs (Σ6 NDL-PCBs: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180). Four groups of dams (n = 10 per group) received either a standard diet without eels or eels (0.8 mg/kg/day) containing 85, 216, or 400 ng/kg/day of ϵ6 NDL-PCBs. The open field test showed that early-life exposure to polluted eels increased locomotion in female offspring of exposed dams but not in males, compared to controls. This hyperlocomotion appeared later in life, at PNDs 195 and 329 (up to 32 % increase, p < 0.05). In addition, overactivity was observed in the home cage test at PND 305: exposed offspring females showed a faster overall locomotion speed (3.6 – 4.2 cm/s) than controls (2.9 cm/s, p <0.05); again, males remained unaffected. Covered distances in the home cage test were only elevated significantly in offspring females exposed to highest PCB concentrations (3411 ± 590 cm vs. 1377 ± 114 cm, p < 0.001). These results suggest that early-life exposure to polluted eels containing dietary contaminants including PCBs caused late, persistent and gender-dependent neurobehavioral hyperactive effects in offspring mice. Furthermore, female hyperactivity was associated with a significant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex.

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