THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MULCHES ON SOIL ENVIRONMENT, ROOT DEVELOPMENT AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF MATURE APPLE TREES

Annual yields of mature Kinkead Red Spy apple trees were higher when growth under trees was controlled by a rotation of three herbicides, namely, simazine (2-chloro-4, 6 bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine), terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil) and dichlobenil (2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile) compared to yields of trees in which sod was regularly mowed to control growth of weeds. While weed control with herbicide rotations was not as effective as with continuous usage of a single herbicide, it was commercially acceptable, and the problem of common vetch (Vicia cracca L.) as on escape weed, particularly with continuous simazine was largely avoided. Over the 6-yr period there was little effect on nutrient levels of the foliage. Use of a rotation of herbicides prevented the accumulation of residues in the soil and levels of all herbicides noted in year 1 of the rotation were reduced to negligible amounts 2 yr after a particular herbicide had been applied.

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Root Development and Nutrient Uptake

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences ◽

10.1080/07352680600709917 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 279-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 115

Author(s):

H. Wang ◽

Y. Inukai ◽

A. Yamauchi

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Root Development

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Principles of Nutrient Uptake From Fertilizer Bands II. Root Development in the Band 1

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1958.00021962005000100012x ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 50 (10) ◽

pp. 605-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

W. G. Duncan ◽

A. J. Ohlrogge

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Root Development

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VEGETATIVE CONTROL AND FRUITING ON MATURE APPLE TREES TREATED WITH PP333.

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.1983.137.10 ◽

1983 ◽

pp. 103-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Loren D. Tukey

Keyword(s):

Apple Trees ◽

Mature Apple

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THE EFFECTS OF SURFACE-APPLIED CALCIUM ON SOIL AND MATURE SPARTAN APPLE TREES

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss81-033 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 295-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. H. NEILSEN ◽

E. HOGUE ◽

B. G. DROUGHT

Keyword(s):

Malus Domestica ◽

Calcium Sulfate ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Hydrated Lime ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Malus Domestica Borkh ◽

Exchangeable Ca ◽

Mature Apple

In 1975, hydrated lime and calcium sulfate were applied to a Rutland gravelly sandy loam under the canopy of mature apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh. ’Spartan’) on M16 at 3000, 6000, 3 × 2000 and at 3000, 6000, 3 × 4000 kg/ha, respectively, pH and exchangeable Ca, Mg and Mn were measured in the soil sampled in 1979 at 10-cm intervals to a 60-cm depth for each of the check, 6000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 and 12 000 kg/ha gypsum treatments. The acidity of the surface soil was decreased significantly in the 6000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 treatment. Negligible soil Ca accumulation occurred below the surface 10-cm depth for any treatment. Soil Mn was decreased from the surface to the 20-cm level in the Ca(OH)2 treatment while soil Mg was decreased from the surface to the 30-cm level in the gypsum treatment. Fruit Ca concentration at harvest, 1975–1979 was not increased by soil Ca treatments. Leaf Mg was often reduced by soil gpysum applications in excess of 3000 kg/ha. Leaf Mn reduction did not occur until the 4th and 5th yr of the experiment in the 6000 and the 3 × 2000 kg/ha Ca(OH)2 treatments.

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