scholarly journals Information about the XII International Conference of the Russian Association for Human Reproduction "Reproductive Technologies Today and Tomorrow"

2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
V. S. Korsak

From 3 to 5 September 2003, the XII International Conference of the Russian Association for Human Reproduction Reproductive technologies today and tomorrow took place in St. Petersburg. It was attended by about 400 doctors from all over Russia, from Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Uzbekistan, Latvia, Sweden, Slovenia, Austria and Scotland.

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
M.S. Bezerra Espinola ◽  
M. Bertelli ◽  
M. Bizzarri

In late 2019, the new Coronavirus has been identified in the city of Wuhan (China) then COVID-19 spreads like wildfire in the rest of the world. Pregnant women represent a risk category for increased abortion rates and vertical transmission with adverse events on the newborns has been recently confirmed. The scientific world is struggling for finding an effective cure for counteracting symptomatology. Today, there are many therapeutic proposes but none of them can effectively counteract the infection. Moreover, many of these compounds show important side effects not justifying their use. Scientific literature reports an immune system over-reaction through interleukins- 6 activation. In this regard, the possibility to control the immune system represents a possible strategy for counteracting the onset of COVID-19 symptomatology. Vitamin D deficiency shows increased susceptibility to acute viral respiratory infections. Moreover, Vitamin D seems involved in host protection from different virus species by modulating activation and release of cytokines. Myo-inositol down-regulates the expression of IL-6 by phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinase pathway. Furthermore, myo-inositol is the precursor of phospholipids in the surfactant and it is applied for inducing surfactant synthesis in infants for treating respiratory distress syndrome. This review aims to summarize the evidence about COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and to encourage the scientific community to investigate the use of Vitamin D and Myo-inositol which could represent a possible preventive treatment for pregnant women or women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Tomaiuolo ◽  
Iolanda Veneruso ◽  
Federica Cariati ◽  
Valeria D’Argenio

During the last decade, the availability of next-generation sequencing-based approaches has revealed the presence of microbial communities in almost all the human body, including the reproductive tract. As for other body sites, this resident microbiota has been involved in the maintenance of a healthy status. As a consequence, alterations due to internal or external factors may lead to microbial dysbiosis and to the development of pathologies. Female reproductive microbiota has also been suggested to affect infertility, and it may play a key role in the success of assisted reproductive technologies, such as embryo implantation and pregnancy care. While the vaginal microbiota is well described, the uterine microbiota is underexplored. This could be due to technical issues, as the uterus is a low biomass environment. Here, we review the state of the art regarding the role of the female reproductive system microbiota in women’s health and human reproduction, highlighting its contribution to infertility.


Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
N. V. Kruchinina

The article analyzes different points of view concerning reproductive human rights. Every year the number of cases when assisted reproductive technologies are used is increasing in Russia. The author draws attention to the lack of a common understanding of reproductive human rights, their protection and regulation in different countries of the world, to different perceptions of legal responsibility for abuses in the field of artificial reproduction of human beings, and to the existence of different definitions of crime in the field of human reproduction.The article presents an overview of foreign legislation on criminal law protection of human reproductive functions. The study of criminal and civil cases and examination of scientific developments in this area compels the author to admit the existence of abuses and crimes in the field of artificial reproduction of human beings. The article attempts to determine the list of crimes against reproductive human rights and considers them as an object of forensic research.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Aji Mulyana

Tulisan dalam buku ini merupakan hasil penelitian, berupa penelusuran literatur dan hasil wawancara dengan narasumber  yang dilakukan di Bandung, Jakarta, CJ Koh Law Library, NUS Singapura, University of New Delhi India, Bodleian Law Library, University of Oxford di Inggris.Beberapa bagian dari tulisan buku ini sudah diprsentasikan dalam dua konferensi Internasional, yaitu :Access to Justice 2015, yang diselenggarkan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Brawijaya di Malang;Konferensi 18th International Conference on Family Law 2016 di Dubai Uni Emirat Arab.Buku ini ditulis oleh 3 pakar hukum perdata dari Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, yaitu :Pertama Sonny Dewi Judiasih, lahir di Bandung pada 11 Januari 1960, pendidikan S-1 (pendidikan tinggi) ditempuh di Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, Program Pendidikan Spesialis Notariat Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, pendidikan S-2 diprogram Magister Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan pendidikan S-3 program Doktor Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.  Sonny Dewi Judiasih menjabat sebagai Ketua Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.Kedua  Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, lahir di Bandung 25 Agustus 1957, pendidikan S-1 (pendidikan tinggi) ditempuh di Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, pendidikan S-2 diprogram Magister Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan pendidikan S-3 program Doktor Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, merupakan Ketua Departemen Hukum Perdata Fakultas Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung.Ketiga Deviana Yuanitasari, lahir di Jakarta 3 Desember 1982, menyelesaikan pendidikan Magister Hukum di Universitas Indonesia, pada tahun 2006. Deviana Yuanitasari, merupakan Sekretaris Prodi Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung, dan sebagai anggota Pusat Studi Hukum Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Publik, serta anggota International Association of Consumer Law. Deviana Yuanitasari, mendapatkan pengahargaan sebagai The Best Presentation Award dalam konferensi 18th International Conference on Family Law 2016 di Dubai Uni Emirat Arab.Adapun harapan yang diinginkan Penulis buku ini, yaitu dapat memenuhi akan kebutuhan literatur hukum keperdataan pada umumnya dan hukum keluarga pada khususnya.Latar belakang terbitnya buku ini, yaitu berawal dari permasalahan keluarga yang tidak memiliki keturunan, karena salah satu pasangan suami istri memiliki kelainan pada alat reproduksinya. Tetapi dalam perkembangan jaman pada saat ini permasalahan tidak memiliki keturunan dalam keluarga bukan hanya dapat diselesaikan dengan melalui cara mengadopsi anak saja, tetapi pasangan suami istri menghendaki dapat memiliki keturunan dengan genetik pasangan suami istri tersebut, dengan cara inseminasi buatan (pembuahan dapat dilakukan dalam kandungan istri) atau dengan cara menyewa rahim seseorang disebut dengan surrogate mother.Surrogate Mother, terjadinya karena pihak istri tidak bisa mengandung karena ada kelainan pada rahim, sehingga peran istri digantikan oleh wanita lain untuk menggantikan fungsinya sebagai seorang ibu yang menjalani kandungan dan melahirkan, baik diberi imbalan ataupun sukarela. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan jaman, terjadi pergeseran pada makna dari substansi awal sebagai alternatif medis, menjadi ke arah sosial dan eksploitasi nilai sebuah rahim atau sering disebut juga ladang bisnis/alat mencari nafkah baru demi gaya hidup masyarakat yang semakin tinggi.Hal ini, terjadi dimasyarakat kalangan kelas menengah ke atas, karena terjadinya permasalahan pada vertilitas (kesuburan reproduksi), sehingga tidak dapat hamil. Permasalahan inipun di tunjang dengan kemajuan teknologi kedokteran terkait permasalahan reproduksi, yaitu dengan cara kelahiran di luar cara ilmiah atau disebut dengan Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART).Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) merupakan cara untuk memiliki keturunan yang dilakukan oleh pihak ketiga (pasangan suami istri) melalui cara sewa rahim agar memiliki keturunan.Masalah Surrogate Mother, menjadi topik perdebatan terkait keberadaan perempuan, etika, hukum, dan sosial. Di Indonesia sampai saat ini secara formal praktik Surrogate Mother belum dilakukan, tetapi pada kenyataannya wanita muda yang berasal dari Indonesia menyatakan dirinya bersedia menjadi Surrogate Mother.Maka menurut Sonny Dewi Judiasih, Susilowati Suparto Dajaan, dan Deviana Yuanitasari, dalam buku ini perlu untuk membahas beberapa permasalahan diantaranya mengenai Surrogacy Agreement menurut hukum perjanjian di Indonesia, status hukum anak yang lahir dari Surrogate Mother, dan pengaturan terkait Surrogate Mother di beberapa negara sebagai perbandingan.


Author(s):  
Cecilia S Blengini ◽  
Karen Schindler

Abstract The purpose of meiosis is to generate developmentally competent, haploid gametes with the correct number of chromosomes. For reasons not completely understood, female meiosis is more prone to chromosome segregation errors than meiosis in males, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes, or aneuploidy, in gametes. Meiotic spindles are the cellular machinery essential for the proper segregation of chromosomes. One unique feature of spindle structures in female meiosis is spindles poles that lack centrioles. The process of building a meiotic spindle without centrioles is complex and requires precise coordination of different structural components, assembly factors, motor proteins, and signaling molecules at specific times and locations to regulate each step. In this review, we discuss the basics of spindle formation during oocyte meiotic maturation focusing on mouse and human studies. Finally, we review different factors that could alter the process of spindle formation and its stability. We conclude with a discussion of how different assisted reproductive technologies (ART) could affect spindles and the consequences these perturbations may have for subsequent embryo development.


2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
V.S. Korsak ◽  
A.A. Smirnova ◽  
A.I. Nikitin ◽  
I.A. Korneev ◽  
Yu.A. Koloda ◽  
...  

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
N. V. Kruchinina

Genetic technologies offer wide prospects for socio-economic progress. At the same time, their application in practice could put at stake the interests of society, human rights and freedoms. Therefore, the development of genetic technologies requires its analysis from the standpoint of jurisprudence, thoughtful legislative regulation and protection from uncontrolled spread and criminal use. The paper analyzes different points of view on the use of genetic technologies. The author substantiates the necessity of proper legal regulation and security of the process of development of genetic technologies. The paper contains the results of the scientific research. The paper elucidates the problems related to the use of genetic technologies in the process of artificial human reproduction: imperfection of the legal framework (In particular, lack of the definition of the legal status of human embryo, lack of justification for the legality of its use for research and therapeutic purposes), the threat of the use of genetic technologies for criminal purposes. The author concludes that the use of genetic technologies for criminal purposes is especially dangerous because organized criminal groups focus their attention on genetic technologies. This gives rise to a special criminal situation that requires new approaches for effective counteraction. To this end, the priority is given to identification of crimes committed with the use of genetic technologies and analysis of the emerging practice of investigating this category of crimes. Failure to comply with standards, deviation from regulations and procedures imposed on medical care may result in harm to health or death also when the assisted reproductive technologies are used. The author has made some proposals to solve these problems with due regard to domestic and foreign experience in the use of genetic technologies in the field of human artificial reproduction (in particular, it is proposed to establish effective international cooperation in this area).


1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Kondratowicz

Since its inception decades ago, technological intervention in human reproduction has been the subject of considerable attention and controversy. After identifying two focal points of debate, I focus in this paper upon an emerging body of literature responsive to a host of problematic issues that, scholars claim, reproductive technologies pose. Maintaining that critical assessment of this literature is necessary, I identify two areas of inquiry which deserve attention and, correspondingly, sketch directions which might guide further study.


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