scholarly journals Gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
A A Zhilina ◽  
N V Lareva ◽  
E V Luzina
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

Aim. To study the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and lesions of the esophageal mucosa in residents of Zabaikalsky krai, taking into account ethnicity. Methods. The first stage: 371 residents of Zabaikalsky krai over 18 years old, were door-to-door interviewed by using the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ). The respondents with 8 or more points were classified as having GERD symptoms. Additionally, we collected passport data, smoking status, alcohol and coffee consumption, anthropometric data and social status. The second stage: we analyzed 2130 upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy reports from Regional Clinical Hospital in Chita. Results. 48 (12.9%) of 371 respondents had GERD symptoms. 135 (36.4%) respondents were Buryats, and 236 (63.6%) were non-Buryats, with the latter more often had GerdQ total score of 8 or more [38 (16.1%) non-Buryats and 10 (7.4%) Buryats, p=0.009]. The average age of non-Buryats respondents with GERD symptoms was 53.417.47 years and exceeded that in the group without symptoms (46.219.2 years), p=0.035. The age of Buryats with and without GERD symptoms did not differ (42.6711.52 and 37.8915.54 years, respectively, р=0.087). The prevalence of obesity, smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption of respondents with and without GERD symptoms, both among Buryats and non-Buryats was the same. Of the 2130 patients who underwent endoscopy, 164 (7.8%) had morphological changes in the esophagus, 105 (4.9%) had erosive esophagitis (EE). Catarrhal and erosive changes in the esophagus were detected in 156 non-Buryats (91 men and 66 women) (7.7%), while EE was diagnosed in 97 (4.8%) patients. 6.5% (5 women and 3 men) Buryats had the esophagus pathology, which caused by erosion. It was found that in non-Buryats group EE develop more often in male respondents (p=0.0019). Only non-Buryats had catarrhal changes in the esophagus (37.8%, 59 people), p=0.0312. At the same time, the incidence of complicated disease course in groups with EE was the same (p=0.8934). Conclusion. About 13% of residents of Zabaikalsky krai have weekly symptoms of GERD, male of a non-Buryat ethnic group are more likely to develop erosive esophagitis than women; the incidence of complications of esophagitis is the same in Buryats and non-Buryats respondents groups.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the Pathology of Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease on the Background of Hypothyroidism

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Reva T. V. ◽  
◽  
V. B. Reva ◽  
I. V. Trefanenko ◽  
G. І. Shumko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Evacuation ◽  
Duodenogastroesophageal Reflux

The article identifies the features of the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism. The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease and the severity of this disease increase with age and the presence of comorbid pathology. In the elderly, the frequency of the typical esophageal manifestations decreases, and the erosive esophagitis with atypical symptoms is more common. The growing number of cases of combined thyroid dysfunction with gastropathology requires in-depth study of the reasons for the relationship between these processes. Pathological changes in the gastrointestinal tract in these patients make their condition severer, contributing to the development and progression of metabolic disorders. An important aggravating effect on the regulatory mechanisms of esophageal kinetics has a pathological functioning of the thyroid gland on the background of iodine deficiency. Results and discussion. In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease with hypothyroidism, all changes in gastric and duodenal function are associated with a decrease in the acid-forming function of the gastric mucosa, due to its atrophy, decreased tone and contractility of the stomach. This in turn leads to a slowing of gastric and duodenal evacuation, dysfunction of the closing capacity of the cardia and, as a consequence, the development of duodenogastroesophageal reflux. The esophageal contents are not so pronounced, so patients with non-erosive forms of esophagitis predominate (46.2%) against 16% of patients in the second group (patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease). At the same time, erosive forms predominate among patients in the control group with predominant acid reflux. It should be noted that there is a clear relationship between the frequency of erosive changes in the esophageal mucosa and the duration of the disease. Thus, among patients of the main group with a 5-year history of the disease, the number of erosive forms of gastroesophageal reflux disease was minimal. The number of erosive changes in the esophageal mucosa increased sharply in patients with a 10-year history and reached its maximum after 15 years from the onset of the disease. Conclusion. The delay in gastric evacuation is more pronounced in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism. It can be explained by a decrease in gastric motility and the presence of duodenostasis. The slowing of gastric evacuation was more pronounced in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of reduced thyroid function. In patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease on the background of hypothyroidism there is an alkaline duodenogastroesophageal reflux as a consequence of reduced acid-forming function of the gastric mucosa and reduced contractility of the stomach and duodenum

scholarly journals A Randomized Placebo-Controlled N-of-1 Trial: The Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor in the Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fernando Sierra-Arango ◽  
D. M. Castaño ◽  
Jennifer D. Forero ◽  
Erika D. Pérez-Riveros ◽  
Gerardo Ardila Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Nonnormal Distribution ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

Background. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most frequent chronic gastrointestinal disorder. It is defined as a condition developed when the reflux of gastric contents causes troublesome symptoms (heartburn and regurgitation). This requires adequate treatment since it can lead to long-term complications including esophagus adenocarcinoma. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are generally used to treat GERD due to their high-security profile and efficiency on most patients. However, recurrent reflux despite initial treatment is frequent. N-of-1 trial is a study that allows the identification of the best treatment for each patient. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of standard dose with double dosage of esomeprazole, to improve the GERD symptoms in a single patient. Methods. A single-patient trial, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, was carried out from September 25th, 2012, to April 26th, 2013. It included one outpatient at the gastroenterology service in a fourth-level hospital, diagnosed with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). Yet, his symptoms were heartburn and reflux, and his endoscopic results were normal esophageal mucosa, without hiatal hernia, though pathological pH values. A no-obese male without any tobacco or alcohol usage received esomeprazole 40 mg/day and 40 mg/bid for 24 weeks. A standardized gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ) was used weekly to evaluate symptom frequency and severity. The consumption of 90% of the capsules was considered as an adequate treatment adherence. D’agostino–Pearson and Wilcoxon test were used to determine normal or nonnormal distribution and compare both treatments, respectively, both with a significant statistical difference of p<0.05. Results. The patient completed the study with 96% of adherence. The double dosage of esomeprazole did not improve the control of symptoms compared with the standard dosage. Mean symptomatic score was 9.5±0.5 and 10.2±0.6 for each treatment, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion. There was no significant improvement in the patient GERD symptoms increasing the dose of oral esomeprazole during the 6 months of study. N-of-1 trials in chronic pathologies including GERD are recommended due to their potential value as systematic methods that evaluate therapies without strong scientific evidence.

SEVERITY OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) SYMPTOMS AND EROSIVE ESOPHAGITIS (EE) AS A FUNCTION OF AGE

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. S6-S7
Author(s):  
Malcolm Robinson ◽  
Lian Mao ◽  
Luella Engelhart ◽  
Reshmi Siddique ◽  
Leonard Jokubaitis
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

scholarly journals Non-dental oral cavity findings in gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Madalina-Gabriela Indre ◽  
Darius Sampelean ◽  
Vlad Taru ◽  
Angela Cozma ◽  
Dorel Sampelean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Oral Manifestations

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is known as the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in the United States, leading to substantial morbidity, although associated mortality is rare. Based on the appearance of esophageal mucosa on upper endoscopy, GERD is divided into erosive esophagitis (ERD) and nonerosive reflux disease (NERD). Heartburn and acid regurgitation are the typical symptoms of the disease, although some patients may present atypical manifestations such as epigastric pain, nausea, asthma, chronic cough, pharyngitis, laryngitis, sleep disturbances, otitis, and sinusitis. Other signs, such as oral mucosal lesions may result from GERD by direct acid or acidic vapor contact in the oral cavity. Oral manifestations such as tooth erosion, periodontitis, gingivitis, palatal erythema, ulceration, glossitis, oral acid burning sensation, halitosis, xerostomia have recently been reported in GERD patients. A considerable percentage of the patients are affected by oral manifestations before the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms, although in most cases the gastrointestinal signs and symptoms dominate the clinical picture. The injured oral mucosa negatively impacts the quality of life, especially functional limitation, physical inability and psychological disabilities, thus leading to social isolation. There is plenty of non-standardized information on the oral mucosal changes in GERD. In this context, we aimed at synthesizing and analyzing the current available evidence on non-dental oral cavity lesions and complaints that are present in patients diagnosed with GERD.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thomas Finn III ◽  
Walter W Chan
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Noncardiac Chest Pain ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Intraluminal Impedance ◽  
Gerd Symptoms ◽  
Made In

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common gastrointestinal diagnosis made in outpatient clinics, responsible for over 5 million annual outpatient visits and likely hundreds of thousands of inpatient stays for noncardiac chest pain. GERD’s current definition, based on international consensus, is a “condition which develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms (i.e., at least two heartburn episodes per week) and/or complications.” Also defining GERD is the presence of erosive esophagitis on upper endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy [EGD]) with or without the presence of troublesome symptoms or the presence of troublesome symptoms without endoscopic evidence of erosive esophagitis (also known as nonerosive reflux disease). This review looks at GERD in detail, including its epidemiology and risk factors, genetics, pathogenesis and etiologic factors, clinical presentation and symptoms, differentials, diagnosis, and complications. Figures presented are an EGD image showing signs of erosive esophagitis, Barrett esophagus, and hiatal hernia and sample recordings from a 24-hour combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH testing. Tables list differential diagnoses for GERD, indications for performing EGD in patients with GERD symptoms, and a summary of GERD therapies. This review contains ­2 figures, 4 tables, and 74 references. 

scholarly journals Combination of Symptom Profile, Endoscopic Findings, and Esophageal Mucosal Histopathology Helps to Differentiate Achalasia from Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2347
Author(s):  
Chia-Chu Yeh ◽  
Chia-Tung Shun ◽  
Liang-Wei Tseng ◽  
Tsung-Hsien Chiang ◽  
Jia-Feng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Erosive Esophagitis ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Eckardt Score ◽  
Symptom Profile ◽  
Reflux Symptoms ◽  
Food Retention

: Achalasia, a rare primary esophageal motility disorder, is often misdiagnosed as refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study is aimed to identify the clinical and histopathologic features that may help to differentiate these two entities. Patients with untreated achalasia and those with refractory reflux symptoms despite ≥8 weeks of proton-pump inhibitor treatment were enrolled prospectively. All patients underwent validated symptom questionnaires, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, and high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). Histopathology of esophageal mucosa was compared based on four pre-determined histological criteria: basal cell hyperplasia or papillae elongation, eosinophilic infiltration, petechiae formation, and hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosae (MM). Compared with the GERD patients, patients with achalasia had similar reflux symptoms, but higher Eckardt scores, fewer erosive esophagitis and hiatal hernia, more esophageal food retention on endoscopy, and higher prevalence of hypertrophy of the MM and petechiae formation on histopathology. Multivariate logistic regression based on Eckardt score ≥4, normal esophagogastric junction morphology or esophageal food retention, and coexistence of petechiae formation and hypertrophy of the MM, established the best prediction model for achalasia. Therefore, combination of routinely accessible variables, including Eckardt score, endoscopic features, and histopathology obtained via esophageal mucosal biopsy, may provide an earlier identification of achalasia.

scholarly journals Pharmacological correction of morphological changes in the esophageal mucosa and of apoptosis markers in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with diabetes mellitus type 2

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3 (71)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Kohaniuk ◽  
O. I. Fediv ◽  
I. S. Davydenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

This article is devoted to comparison of the nature of morphological changes in the esophageal mucosa and of apoptosis markers in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with diabetes mellitus type 2. The possibility to eliminate a disbalance in apoptosis regulators in the blood and improvement of some parameters of the morphological status of the esophageal mucosa of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease combined with diabetes mellitus type 2, by including pepsan and quercetin to the complex treatment schemes has been established.

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