Ground‐Motion Prediction Equations for Western Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 2722-2737
Author(s):  
Ryota Kiuchi ◽  
Walter D. Mooney ◽  
Hani M. Zahran
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Anelastic Attenuation ◽  
Magnitude Scaling ◽  
Crystalline Crust

Abstract Ground‐motion prediction equations (GMPEs) for western Saudi Arabia are developed by employing a mixed‐effects regression model to modify the Boore et al. (2014) Next Generation Attenuation‐West2 (NGA‐West2) project GMPEs. NGA‐West2 addressed several key issues concerning GMPEs for shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions. However, the NGA‐West2 results do not include many earthquakes in extensional regimes such as those occurring in Saudi Arabia. This deficiency is corrected by calculating a magnitude scaling of the new Saudi Arabia GMPEs compared to those of Boore et al. (2014). Furthermore, there is a clear difference in distance scaling for the Arabian GMPEs in comparison with the NGA‐West2 GMPEs. This difference is especially significant at large distances and is mainly due to lower anelastic attenuation in the crystalline crust of western Saudi Arabia. Our empirical data demonstrate the GMPEs presented here are in good agreement with observed earthquake ground motions in western Saudi Arabia.

A suite of ground motion prediction equations for cumulative absolute velocity in shallow crustal earthquakes including epistemic uncertainty

2020 ◽  
pp. 875529302095734
Author(s):  
Zach Bullock ◽  
Abbie B Liel ◽  
Shideh Dashti ◽  
Keith A. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Absolute Velocity ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Cumulative Absolute Velocity ◽  
Earthquake Characteristics

Recent research has highlighted the usefulness of cumulative absolute velocity [Formula: see text] in several contexts, including using the [Formula: see text] at the ground surface for earthquake early warning and using the [Formula: see text] at rock reference conditions for evaluation of the liquefaction risk facing structures. However, there are relatively few ground motion prediction equations for CAV, they are based on relatively small data sets, and they give relatively similar results. This study develops nine ground motion prediction equations for [Formula: see text] based on a global database of ground motion records from shallow crustal earthquakes. Its provision of nine models enables characterization of epistemic uncertainty for ranges of earthquake characteristics that are sparsely populated in the regression database. The functional forms provide different perspectives on extrapolation to important ranges of earthquake characteristics, particularly large magnitude events and short distances. The variability and epistemic uncertainty in the models are characterized. Spatial autocorrelation of the models’ errors is investigated. The models’ predictions agree with existing broadly applicable models at small to moderate magnitudes and moderate to long distances. These models can be used to improve hazard analysis of [Formula: see text] that incorporates the influence of epistemic uncertainty.

A Comparison of the Source, Path, and Site Effects of the Strong‐Motion Records from the Western and the Southwestern Parts of China with Modern Ground‐Motion Prediction Equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 2691-2709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Lan ◽  
Hao Xing ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
John X. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Magnitude Scaling

Abstract This study aims at identifying ground‐motion prediction equations (GMPEs) derived from large overseas datasets that may be used for the southwestern part of China (SWC) with or without modifications, identifying the source of misfits and shedding some light on the differences of physical parameters among the three regions, that is, California, Japan, and SWC region. To achieve these objectives, correction functions of physical parameters were added to six GMPEs, including two Next Generation Attenuation‐West (NGA‐West) GMPEs, two NGA‐West2 GMPEs, a GMPE from China, and the GMPE for the shallow crustal and upper‐mantle earthquakes in Japan. The correction coefficients were determined by a reasonably large dataset, including the records from the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake. However, the data distribution with respect to magnitude is relatively poor and may not be suitable to develop a GMPE based on this dataset only. If the overall correction coefficients for a GMPE are the smallest, this GMPE will be considered as the best GMPE for the SWC data. We found that not all GMPEs can be modified to achieve the same goodness‐of‐fit level; the magnitude scaling rates from most GMPEs differ significantly from those of this dataset, especially at moderately long and long spectral periods; and the aftershock effect does not make a significant and consistent difference. We also found that three GMPEs do not model the site effect well either; the attenuation rates for the SWC region may be similar to those in California and for the shallow crust in Japan; and the magnitude scaling rate and the site class effect in the SWC region are similar to those in Japan. If an overseas GMPE is used for the SWC region, the GMPEs by Zhao, Zhou, et al. (2016) without the normal‐fault term and Abrahamson and Silva (2008) with or without modifications are recommended.

scholarly journals Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Malaysia Due to Subduction Zone Earthquakes in Sumatran Region

IEEE Access ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 23920-23937
Author(s):  
M. S. Liew ◽  
Kamaluddeen Usman Danyaro ◽  
Mazlina Mohamad ◽  
Lim Eu Shawn ◽  
Aziz Aulov
Keyword(s):  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Subduction Zone Earthquakes

scholarly journals Ground motions in urban Los Angeles from the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence

2021 ◽  
pp. 875529302110039
Author(s):  
Filippos Filippitzis ◽  
Monica D Kohler ◽  
Thomas H Heaton ◽  
Robert W Graves ◽  
Robert W Clayton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction Equations ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Ground Motion Prediction ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Spectral Accelerations

We study ground-motion response in urban Los Angeles during the two largest events (M7.1 and M6.4) of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence using recordings from multiple regional seismic networks as well as a subset of 350 stations from the much denser Community Seismic Network. In the first part of our study, we examine the observed response spectral (pseudo) accelerations for a selection of periods of engineering significance (1, 3, 6, and 8 s). Significant ground-motion amplification is present and reproducible between the two events. For the longer periods, coherent spectral acceleration patterns are visible throughout the Los Angeles Basin, while for the shorter periods, the motions are less spatially coherent. However, coherence is still observable at smaller length scales due to the high spatial density of the measurements. Examining possible correlations of the computed response spectral accelerations with basement depth and Vs30, we find the correlations to be stronger for the longer periods. In the second part of the study, we test the performance of two state-of-the-art methods for estimating ground motions for the largest event of the Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, namely three-dimensional (3D) finite-difference simulations and ground motion prediction equations. For the simulations, we are interested in the performance of the two Southern California Earthquake Center 3D community velocity models (CVM-S and CVM-H). For the ground motion prediction equations, we consider four of the 2014 Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project equations. For some cases, the methods match the observations reasonably well; however, neither approach is able to reproduce the specific locations of the maximum response spectral accelerations or match the details of the observed amplification patterns.

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