scholarly journals FormantPro as a Tool for Speech Analysis and Segmentation / FormantPro como uma ferramenta para a análise e segmentação da fala

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xu ◽  
Hong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Speech Analysis ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Syllable Segmentation ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Usage Data

Abstract: This paper introduces FormantPro, a Praat-based tool for large-scale, systematic analysis of formant movements, especially for experimental data. The program generates a rich set of output metrics, including continuous contours like time-normalized formant trajectories and formant velocity profiles suitable for direct graphical comparisons, and discrete measurements suitable for statistical analysis. It also allows users to generate mean trajectories and discrete measurements averaged across repetitions and speakers. As an illustration of its usage, data from a preliminary study of syllable segmentation in Mandarin were presented. The alignment of continuous formant trajectories enabled by FormantPro provides evidence that the temporal scopes of consonants and vowels are very different from those based on conventional views, and that acoustic and articulatory boundaries of segments are fundamentally similar.Keywords: FormantPro; formant trajectories; syllable segmentation.Resumo: Este artigo apresenta o FormantPro, uma ferramenta que roda no Praat, dedicada à análise sistemática e em larga escala dos movimentos de formantes, especialmente para dados de natureza experimental. O programa gera um rico conjunto de métricas de saída, incluindo contornos contínuos, como as trajetórias de formantes normalizadas temporalmente e perfis de velocidade de formantes adequados para comparações gráficas diretas, bem como medidas discretas adequadas para a análise estatística. O programa também permite aos usuários gerar médias de trajetórias e medidas discretas calculadas a partir das médias de repetições e de falantes. Como ilustração da sua usabilidade, dados preliminares de um estudo sobre segmentação silábica em mandarim foram apresentados. O alinhamento de trajetórias contínuas de formantes geradas pelo FormantPro oferecem evidência de que os escopos temporais de consoantes e vogais são muito diferentes daqueles baseados em visões convencionais, e de que as fronteiras acústicas e articulatórias dos segmentos são fundamentalmente semelhantes.Palavras-chave: FormantPro; trajetórias dos formantes; segmentação silábica

scholarly journals LLAMA: a robust and scalable machine learning pipeline for analysis of large scale 4D microscopy data: analysis of cell ruffles and filopodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James G. Lefevre ◽  
Yvette W. H. Koh ◽  
Adam A. Wall ◽  
Nicholas D. Condon ◽  
Jennifer L. Stow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
4D Microscopy

Abstract Background With recent advances in microscopy, recordings of cell behaviour can result in terabyte-size datasets. The lattice light sheet microscope (LLSM) images cells at high speed and high 3D resolution, accumulating data at 100 frames/second over hours, presenting a major challenge for interrogating these datasets. The surfaces of vertebrate cells can rapidly deform to create projections that interact with the microenvironment. Such surface projections include spike-like filopodia and wave-like ruffles on the surface of macrophages as they engage in immune surveillance. LLSM imaging has provided new insights into the complex surface behaviours of immune cells, including revealing new types of ruffles. However, full use of these data requires systematic and quantitative analysis of thousands of projections over hundreds of time steps, and an effective system for analysis of individual structures at this scale requires efficient and robust methods with minimal user intervention. Results We present LLAMA, a platform to enable systematic analysis of terabyte-scale 4D microscopy datasets. We use a machine learning method for semantic segmentation, followed by a robust and configurable object separation and tracking algorithm, generating detailed object level statistics. Our system is designed to run on high-performance computing to achieve high throughput, with outputs suitable for visualisation and statistical analysis. Advanced visualisation is a key element of LLAMA: we provide a specialised tool which supports interactive quality control, optimisation, and output visualisation processes to complement the processing pipeline. LLAMA is demonstrated in an analysis of macrophage surface projections, in which it is used to i) discriminate ruffles induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF-1) and ii) determine the autonomy of ruffle morphologies. Conclusions LLAMA provides an effective open source tool for running a cell microscopy analysis pipeline based on semantic segmentation, object analysis and tracking. Detailed numerical and visual outputs enable effective statistical analysis, identifying distinct patterns of increased activity under the two interventions considered in our example analysis. Our system provides the capacity to screen large datasets for specific structural configurations. LLAMA identified distinct features of LPS and CSF-1 induced ruffles and it identified a continuity of behaviour between tent pole ruffling, wave-like ruffling and filopodia deployment.

Wireless parathyroid detection device using autofluorescence and smart glasses: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chang Hwan Ryu ◽  
Jungirl Seok ◽  
Yu Lim Choi ◽  
Seok-ki Kim ◽  
Yuh-Seog Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Autofluorescence Imaging ◽  
Agreement Rate ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Practical Effect ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Positive Agreement

BACKGROUND: Autofluorescence imaging technology has been utilized for preserving or identifying parathyroid glands (PTGs) during thyroid surgery. We developed a wireless PTGs detection device linked with smart glasses that allows for real-time video recording and screen switching according to the light source. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to confirm the feasibility of the device and whether it would help preserve the PTG during the surgery. METHODS: This prospective study was conducted in 30 patients with 66 PTGs. The device’s agreement with the physician’s judgment was evaluated, and we determined how many PTGs were preserved from thyroidectomy. RESULTS: The positive agreement rate for PTGs detection between the surgeon and device was 70.9%. Inadvertent parathyroidectomy was identified in surgical specimens of 6 patients (20%). No PTG was removed when it was confirmed by the device (0/39). Of the 27 glands not detected by the device, there was inadvertent removal of 6 PTGs. CONCLUSIONS: PTGs can be preserved successfully when the detection of them by the device is consistent with the surgeon’s discretion. A large-scale controlled study is necessary to demonstrate the practical effect of this device on hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy.

DISAST-CIR: Disastrous Incidents Systematic Analysis Through Components, Interactions and Results: Application to a Large-Scale Train Accident

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adi Leiba ◽  
Dagan Schwartz ◽  
Talor Eran ◽  
Amir Blumenfeld ◽  
Daniel Laor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Systematic Analysis

scholarly journals A study of computational methods for wake structure and base pressure prediction of a generic SUV model with fixed and rotating wheels

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (9) ◽  
pp. 1222-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Forbes ◽  
Gary Page ◽  
Martin Passmore ◽  
Adrian Gaylard
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Base Pressure ◽  
Detached Eddy Simulation ◽  
Wake Structure ◽  
Wake Interactions

This study is an evaluation of the computational methods in reproducing experimental data for a generic sports utility vehicle (SUV) geometry and an assessment on the influence of fixed and rotating wheels for this geometry. Initially, comparisons are made in the wake structure and base pressures between several CFD codes and experimental data. It was shown that steady-state RANS methods are unsuitable for this geometry due to a large scale unsteadiness in the wake caused by separation at the sharp trailing edge and rear wheel wake interactions. unsteady RANS (URANS) offered no improvements in wake prediction despite a significant increase in computational cost. The detached-eddy simulation (DES) and Lattice–Boltzmann methods showed the best agreement with the experimental results in both the wake structure and base pressure, with LBM running in approximately a fifth of the time for DES. The study then continues by analysing the influence of rotating wheels and a moving ground plane over a fixed wheel and ground plane arrangement. The introduction of wheel rotation and a moving ground was shown to increase the base pressure and reduce the drag acting on the vehicle when compared to the fixed case. However, when compared to the experimental standoff case, variations in drag and lift coefficients were minimal but misleading, as significant variations to the surface pressures were present.

scholarly journals Identification of Genes with Potential Roles in Apple Fruit Development and Biochemistry through Large-Scale Statistical Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags

2006 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunchung Park ◽  
Nobuko Sugimoto ◽  
Matthew D. Larson ◽  
Randy Beaudry ◽  
Steven van Nocker
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Expressed Sequence Tags ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Expressed Sequence

Investigation on hydrodynamic forces leading to coarse particle entrainment using Large-Eddy Simulations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaston Latessa ◽  
Angela Busse ◽  
Manousos Valyrakis
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Eddy Simulations ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Particle Entrainment ◽  
Large Eddy

<p>The prediction of particle motion in a fluid flow environment presents several challenges from the quantification of the forces exerted by the fluid onto the solids -normally with fluctuating behaviour due to turbulence- and the definition of the potential particle entrainment from these actions. An accurate description of these phenomena has many practical applications in local scour definition and to the design of protection measures.</p><p>In the present work, the actions of different flow conditions on sediment particles is investigated with the aim to translate these effects into particle entrainment identification through analytical solid dynamic equations.</p><p>Large Eddy Simulations (LES) are an increasingly practical tool that provide an accurate representation of both the mean flow field and the large-scale turbulent fluctuations. For the present case, the forces exerted by the flow are integrated over the surface of a stationary particle in the streamwise (drag) and vertical (lift) directions, together with the torques around the particle’s centre of mass. These forces are validated against experimental data under the same bed and flow conditions.</p><p>The forces are then compared against threshold values, obtained through theoretical equations of simple motions such as rolling without sliding. Thus, the frequency of entrainment is related to the different flow conditions in good agreement with results from experimental sediment entrainment research.</p><p>A thorough monitoring of the velocity flow field on several locations is carried out to determine the relationships between velocity time series at several locations around the particle and the forces acting on its surface. These results a relevant to determine ideal locations for flow investigation both in numerical and physical experiments.</p><p>Through numerical experiments, a large number of flow conditions were simulated obtaining a full set of actions over a fixed particle sitting on a smooth bed. These actions were translated into potential particle entrainment events and validated against experimental data. Future work will present the coupling of these LES models with Discrete Element Method (DEM) models to verify the entrainment phenomena entirely from a numerical perspective.</p>

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