scholarly journals Zone of proximal development and scaffolding required by junior high school students in solving mathematical problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 186-202
Author(s):  
D. P. Utomo ◽  
T. Santoso
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Proximal Development ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Scaffolding Strategies

Introduction. Mathematics comprises grading concepts. It means that one specific concept can be interrelated to another concept, which embodies a continuous process. Mathematics instruction at schools is ordinarily delivered from the easiest to the hardest concepts and requires a considerably deep understanding of each concept. By acquiring the understanding, it is quite certain that students can solve mathematical problems effectively.Aim. The current research aimed to analyse and describe the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding required by junior high school students in mathematical problem-solving. There is also an attempt to describe the actual level of competence possessed by students, and to determine the level of scaffolding needed to develop students’ learning competencies.Methodology and research methods. The present research employed a qualitative method within the descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of six students who attended the ninth grade at Muhammadiyah Junior High School 1 in Malang, Indonesia. The participants were grouped based on their mathematical competence levels, i.e. two high-achievers, two average-achievers, and two low-achievers. The data collection technique is done by giving tests, interviews, and observations. As for the teaching material, geometry was chosen as the main theme, covering the topic “Volumes of a Tube and a Ball”.Results. This research revealed that ZPD of the high-achievers was effective to help them solve mathematical problems independently. Conversely, the average- and low-achievers were found to be problematic at solving mathematical problems independently. The teachers must review and restructure the scaffolding strategies, dealing intensively with students who are less competent in solving mathematical problems.The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that previous studies have described efforts to improve the quality of learning through scaffolding (Siyepu S., 2013). This study describes in full the scaffolding process in the classroom: identification of students’ actual abilities and potential abilities after implementing instructional scaffolding.Practical significance. Referring to the results of the research, it is suggested that teachers should be so heedful about their students’ ZPD and thus more appropriate scaffolding treatments can be applied. In addition, teachers are strongly recommended doing self-training in scaffolding and keeping the instruction for their students to analyse their answers repeatedly to avoid a fallacy in operations. Besides, teachers should prepare their students to be good problem-solvers by exposing them to various exercises. For further studies, it is highly expected that more relevant research should be conducted from different viewpoints, i.e. investigating the effective scaffolding strategies.

scholarly journals The Strategies of Indonesian Junior High School Students in Learning Listening Skill

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Alfan Zuhairi ◽  
Ika Hidayanti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Social Strategies ◽  
School Students ◽  
Listening Skill

The present study addresses three objectives: 1) identifying the intensity of strategies use in learning listening, 2) investigating the inter-correlation among the strategies deployment, and 3) describing how significantly successful and less successful learners differ in the use of strategies. The accessible subjects were two hundred and fifty seven students at seventh and eighth grade of junior high school in Malang, Indonesia. They were required to complete 50 items strategies questionnaire of learning listening taken from Oxford strategy taxonomy. They are memory strategies, cognitive strategies, compensation strategies, metacognitive strategies, affective strategies, and social strategies. The statistical result utilizing SPSS 15 indicated that the overall strategies use were at moderate level, compensation strategies were taken as the most frequent and social strategies were used at the least frequent. Then the intercorrelation among the use of strategies showed that some of the strategies interrelated positively and significantly, while some others were not correlated. In relation to the strategies used by the two groups, the finding showed that both high achievers and low achievers were not significantly different in the applying strategies in learning listening skill.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KESULITAN DAN SELF-EFFICACY SISWA SMP DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA BERBENTUK SOAL CERITA

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novferma Novferma
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Problems

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan letak, jenis, faktor-faktor kesulitan, dan self-efficacy siswa SMP swasta di Kabupaten Sleman, DIY dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berbentuk soal cerita. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah 124 siswa SMP swasta di Kabupaten Sleman, DIY yang berasal dari empat sekolah dengan kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan stratified proportional random sampling technique. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes diagnostik terdiri atas 5 butir soal, angket self-efficacy, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika berbentuk soal cerita terletak pada pengetahuan faktual, pengetahuan konseptual, pengetahuan prosedural, dan pengetahuan metakognitif. Jenis kesulitan yang dialami siswa yaitu pada mengingat fakta, mengingat konsep, memahami fakta, memahami konsep, menerapkan konsep, menerapkan prosedur, menganalisis prosedur, mengevaluasi faktual, mengevaluasi konsep, mengevaluasi prosedur, dan mengomunikasikan metakognitif. Faktor-faktor kesulitan yang dialami siswa SMP dalam memecahkan masalah matematika berbentuk soal cerita kelas VIII yaitu siswa merasa waktu yang diberikan tidak cukup, mudah menyerah, kurang teliti, sering lupa, merasa cemas, dan siswa tergesa-gesa untuk mengerjakan soal. Self-efficacy dari 124 siswa berada dalam kategori tinggi dengan rata-rata sebesar 90,4.Kata Kunci: analisis kesulitan siswa, self-efficacy, pemecahan masalah matematika, soal cerita AN ANALYSIS OF DIFFICULTIES AND SELF-EFFICACY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOLVING STORY FORM MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS AbstractThis research aimed to describe the positions, types, difficulty factors, and self-efficacy of junior high school students in Sleman, DIY in solving story form mathematical problems. This study was survey research using the quantitative and kualitative approach. The subjects of this research were 124 students of private junior high schools in Sleman, DIY, which were from four different school groups in the high, middle, and low categories. The sample was established using the stratified proportional random sampling technique. The instruments which were used namely diagnostic test that consisted of 5 items, self-efficacy questionnaire, and interview guides. The results indicate that students’ difficulties in solving story form mathematical problems lie on factual knowledge, conceptual knowledge, procedural knowledge, and metacognitive knowledge. The types of difficulties experienced by students include remembering fact, remembering concept, understanding facts, understanding concept, applying concept, applying procedure, analyzing procedure, evaluating fact, evaluating concept, evaluating procedure, and communicating metacognitive. Difficulty factors that grade VIII students experience in solving story form mathematical problems include: students feel that the time given is not enough, easily give up, are not meticulous enough, oftenly forget, and are anxious and impatient while solving the problems. The self-efficacy of 124 students can be categorized as high with an average score of 90.4.Keywords: analysis of students’ difficulties, self-efficacy, mathematics problem solving, story problem.

scholarly journals Developing the Ability of Understanding and Self-confidence the Mathematical Students with VBA for Excel

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Martin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
Process Data ◽  
School Students ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Mathematical Problems

Visual Basic Application for Excel is a simple program language and has the power to process data quickly, let alone the utilization of math functions in Microsoft Excel can help work on Excel display more interactive so that teachers can create props inside Excel. The advantages of Microsoft Excel compared to mathematical software are the many math functions and images available in the form of shapes or pictures. With the availability of VBA, math and image functions in Microsoft Excel, teachers can design the creation of media related to mathematics learning especially helping to develop the ability of junior high school students who have difficulty connecting mathematics lessons with basic mathematics knowledge requirements. In general, that most students in Indonesia have not solved mathematical problems, therefore, by using VBA for Excel the ability of junior high school students to improve in the usual way significantly with a t-test with 0.006 <0.05 and there is an association between Trust self-comfidence student with students' mathematical comprehension skills with a contingency value with a significant amount of 0.016 <0.05 with a contingency coefficient of 0.525 including a moderate association

scholarly journals KAJIAN KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIK SISWA SMP DI KOTA BANDUNG PADA MATERI ARITMETIKA SOSIAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Nur Hasanah ◽  
Devi Yuliani ◽  
Eva Dwi Minarti ◽  
Euis Eti Rohaeti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Real Life ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Mathematical Connections ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Mathematical Connection

The ability of mathematical connections is an essential skill that must be mastered by high school students, as it will help master understanding of meaningful concepts and help solve mathematical problems through the interrelationship between mathematical concepts and between mathematical concepts and concepts in other disciplines even with applications in real-life students. This study aims to examine the ability of mathematical connections of students in one junior high school in Bandung on Social Arithmetic materials. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, with the subject of research is 36 students of class VIII in one of the State Junior High School in Bandung. Instrument given in the form of description test as much as 3 problem each representing indicator ability and analyzed so that get data fulfillment indicator ability of mathematic connection. Based on the data analysis, the students 'mathematical connection ability is still low, so it is necessary to design the learning activities that can facilitate students' mathematical connection ability.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP TERHADAP SOAL-SOAL BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Siti Nurlaila ◽  
Ratna Sariningsih ◽  
Rippi Maya
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Communication ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Flat Side ◽  
Mathematical Problems

This research is to find out the mathematical communication skills of VIII junior high school students about building a flat side space. This research method is a qualitative descriptive study. The subject of this research is 18 students in one junior high school in Bandung regency. The test instrument used is a description form. The indicator used in this study there are 5 indicators of mathematical communication ability, namely expressing ideas, situations and relations with images, expressing mathematical situations or everyday events into mathematical models, explaining and making questions of mathematical problems, low indicators only obtain an average percentage averaged 12%, based on the results of calculations using the Microsoft Exel application the overall student communication skills of these five indicators are still low below 50% which is only 44%.

scholarly journals Profil Penalaran Aljabaris Siswa Dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Ditinjau dari Adversity Quotient

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Irna Natalis Sanit ◽  
Subanji Subanji ◽  
I Made Sulandra
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Metal Level ◽  
Algebraic Reasoning ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
Mathematical Problems

<p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract:</strong> The purpose of this study is to describe the algebraic reasoning of junior high school students in solving mathematical problems in terms of Adversity Quetients. The study was conducted in Tarus Self-help Junior High School. The stages of students’ algebraic reasoning in solving problems were generalisation activities, transformation activities, and global metal-level activities. The instruments used in this study were ARP instruments (Adversity Response Profile), algebraic reasoning tests, and interview guidelines. The results of this study showed that the Climber students did algebraic reasoning on generalisation activities, transformation activities, and global metal-level activity. The Camper students only did algebraic reasoning on general activities. While Quitter students did not do algebraic reasoning on all activities.</p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan penalaran aljabaris siswa SMP dalam memecahkan masalah matematika ditinjau dari <em>Adversity Quotient. </em>Penelitian dilakukan di SMP Swadaya Tarus Kupang. Tahap penalaran aljabaris siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yaitu, yaitu aktivitas generalisasi, aktivitas transformasi, dan aktivitas level-meta global. Intrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah instrumen ARP (<em>Adversity Response Profile),</em> tes penalaran aljabaris, dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa <em>Climber </em>melakukan penalaran aljabaris pada aktivitas generalisasi, aktivitas transformasi dan aktivitas level-meta global. Siswa <em>Camper</em> hanya melakukan penalaran aljabaris pada aktivitas generalisasi saja, sedangkan siswa <em>Quitter</em> tidak melakukan penalaran aljabaris pada semua aktivitas.

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