Production: Per cent change 2023 compared to 2011-13 average

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cent Change

scholarly journals Oxygen Consumption of Erythrocytes from Patients with Various Thyroid Conditions Related to Their Respective Serum Protein—Bound Iodine Concentrations

Blood ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 953-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS ANGELONE ◽  
DAVID H. WATKINS ◽  
CLIFFORD A. ANGERER
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Serum Protein ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Exponential Order ◽  
Group A ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cent Change

Abstract Blood was obtained from patients who were divided into four groups: (A) euthyroid, (B) untreated hyperthyroid, (C) iodine-treated hyperthyroid and (D) hypothyroid. The erythrocytes from each patient group were washed and resuspended in Krebs-phosphate solution for study by the Warburg respirometric technic. When the erythrocytes obtained from patient groups B, C and D are compared with group A (control), a +92 per cent, +23 per cent and -15 per cent change is noted, respectively, in their mean QOO2 values when QOO2 values for erythrocytes for each patient in each patient group (excluding group C) are plotted relative to their respective serum PBI concentration (µg. per cent), a curve of exponential order appears to be the curve of best probable fit for these data. The mean QOO2 value for the iodine-treated hyperthyroid group falls on the ordinate of this curve (fig. 1) between the euthyroid and untreated hyperthyroid groups, though the mean serum PBI value (abscissa), of course, has no meaning for this group.

scholarly journals Financial Development and Tax Revenue: How Catalytic Are Political Development and Corruption?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bosco Nnyanzi ◽  
John Mayanja Bbale ◽  
Richard Sendi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cent Change

Increasing domestic revenue mobilization remains a challenge for many governments, particularly in low-income countries. Using a sample of East African countries, the study sets off to investigate the impact of financial development from a multi-dimensional perspective on tax revenues for the period 1990 to 2014, and how political development and the control of corruption would enhance the observed nexus. The dynamic panel results from the system GMM estimation approach indicate a significant role of financial development overall and the financial institutions and financial markets in particular. A disaggregation of the duo suggests that it is the depth of financial institutions that greatly matters for tax revenue, with a one per cent change expected to yield about 0.26 per cent change in tax collections. It is then followed by their level of accessibility, financial market depth and efficiency. We fail to find significant evidence in support of financial market access and financial institutions efficiency although the possibility for the latter seems indismissible. Further evidence points to the catalytic nature of a good institutional and political environment in pursuit of higher tax-GDP ratio via financial development. Policies to promote the depth and accessibility of financial institutions as well the depth and efficiency of financial markets in East Africa alongside well-focused anti-corruption programs and democratic governance are likely to yield better fiscal outcomes in terms of domestic tax revenues critically needed to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We also confirm the positive role played by the lagged tax revenue, per capita GDP, trade openness, debt-to-GDP ratio and population density in the tax effort.

scholarly journals 2016 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism criteria for minimal, moderate, and major clinical response in adult dermatomyositis and polymyositis

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Aggarwal ◽  
Lisa G Rider ◽  
Nicolino Ruperto ◽  
Nastaran Bayat ◽  
Brian Erman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Response Criteria ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Major Improvement ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Improvement Score ◽  
Cent Change

To develop response criteria for adult dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM). Expert surveys, logistic regression, and conjoint analysis were used to develop 287 definitions using core set measures. Myositis experts rated greater improvement among multiple pairwise scenarios in conjoint analysis surveys, where different levels of improvement in 2 core set measures were presented. The PAPRIKA (Potentially All Pairwise Rankings of All Possible Alternatives) method determined the relative weights of core set measures and conjoint analysis definitions. The performance characteristics of the definitions were evaluated on patient profiles using expert consensus (gold standard) and were validated using data from a clinical trial. The nominal group technique was used to reach consensus. Consensus was reached for a conjoint analysis-based continuous model using absolute per cent change in core set measures (physician, patient, and extramuscular global activity, muscle strength, Health Assessment Questionnaire, and muscle enzyme levels). A total improvement score (range 0–100), determined by summing scores for each core set measure, was based on improvement in and relative weight of each core set measure. Thresholds for minimal, moderate, and major improvement were ≥20, ≥40, and ≥60 points in the total improvement score. The same criteria were chosen for juvenile DM, with different improvement thresholds. Sensitivity and specificity in DM/PM patient cohorts were 85% and 92%, 90% and 96%, and 92% and 98% for minimal, moderate, and major improvement, respectively. Definitions were validated in the clinical trial analysis for differentiating the physician rating of improvement (p<0.001). The response criteria for adult DM/PM consisted of the conjoint analysis model based on absolute per cent change in 6 core set measures, with thresholds for minimal, moderate, and major improvement.

scholarly journals PHOTOCELL ANALYSIS OF THE LIGHT OF THE CUBAN ELATERID BEETLE, PYROPHORUS

1931 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Newton Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Light Organs ◽  
Nerve Discharge ◽  
Cent Change

Records are reproduced showing various types of luminescence intensity—time curves for the prothoracic light organs of Pyrophorus. A small (5 per cent) rhythmic fluctuation of light intensity during the reflex emission of light is to be observed in many records, which because of its rapid rate is attributed to rhythmic nerve discharge from a photogenic centre. Longer "pulsations" of luminescence intensity (25 per cent change) can be detected by the eye.

Involvement of endogenous prostaglandins in salt-induced hypertension

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Ogihara ◽  
Seiji Gotoh ◽  
Yoshikatsu Tabuchi ◽  
Yuich Kumahara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Salt Restriction ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor ◽  
Change In Mean ◽  
Cent Change

Abstract. Insufficient production of prostaglandins, which are possible antihypertensive agents, may be a pathogenetic factor in hypertensive patients on salt loading. We compared the levels of plasma PGE2, plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary 6-Keto-PGF1α (6-O-PGF1α), a major stable metabolite of PGI2, on day 5 of salt deprivation and also on day 5 of subsequent salt loading in 17 patients with essential hypertension. Salt loading decreased plasma PGE2, and slightly increased urinary 6-O-PGF1α. On salt loading, a positive correlation was found between the levels of plasma PGE2 and urinary sodium excretion. On salt deprivation, PRA was significantly correlated with plasma PGE2. The per cent change in mean blood pressure on changing from salt restriction to salt loading was inversely correlated with the per cent change in PGE2, and positively correlated with the per cent change in 6-O-PGF1α excretion. These findings suggest that on salt restriction, PGE2 is involved in the renin-angiotension system and that on salt loading, PGE2 is produced to compensate for the excessive sodium. The finding that PGE2 production was attenuated progressively as the mean blood pressure increased on salt loading in patients with essential hypertension suggests that insufficient compensatory PGE2 production is a pathogenetic factor in salt-induced hypertensive patients. In contrast, PGI2 may be produced adaptively to regulate blood pressure during changes in salt balance.

Effectiveness of KVK organized training program on knowledge level of Bee keeping

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-83
Author(s):  
Awadhesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Himadri Roy
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Maximum Change ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Cent Change

Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Pratapgarh conducted a training program on Bee Keeping. 50 participants from different blocks attended the program. The present study was conducted to assess the change in knowledge level of the trainees regarding various bee keeping technologies after attending the training. The study revealed that there was significant change in knowledge level regarding various aspects of bee keeping technologies. The study revealed that maximum change in knowledge among the trainees was regarding the use of queen cage (70.00%) and lowest change in knowledge level was observed about fertilized and unfertilized eggs within bee hive (12.00%). Moreover, it was also found that 58.00 per cent, 56.00 per cent and 54.00 per cent change in knowledge level regarding ‘Gharchuut’, ‘growth period of honey bee’ and ‘regarding various species of honey bee’. The training helped in overall improvement of knowledge level of trainees regarding various aspects of bee keeping technology.

scholarly journals Estimating average annual per cent change in trend analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (29) ◽  
pp. 3670-3682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin X. Clegg ◽  
Benjamin F. Hankey ◽  
Ram Tiwari ◽  
Eric J. Feuer ◽  
Brenda K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Cent Change
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