“Lex Developer” vs. Spatial Order

The current landscape space design ignored the existence of self-awareness and demonstration of Human Beings, meanwhile it also make human beings being dominated constantly. This thesis combined narrative, space, plot and other theories which related with the theory of landscape design explored the design methods which make the landscape views more appealing and space-create strategies which take narrative as spatial clues from the angel of main body in creation and started by aesthetic experience and behaviors of Human Beings, it also reflect harmonious spatial order between Views and Human Beings.

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Close to Optimal Cell Sensing Ensures the Robustness of Tissue Differentiation Process: The Avian Photoreceptor Mosaic Case

Entropy ◽

10.3390/e23070867 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 867

Author(s):

Arnab Barua ◽

Alireza Beygi ◽

Haralampos Hatzikirou

Keyword(s):

Cell Fate ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Explanatory Power ◽

Spatial Order ◽

Cell Level ◽

Stochastic Thermodynamics ◽

Cell Fate Decisions ◽

Model Predictions ◽

Sensing Radius ◽

Photoreceptor Mosaic

The way that progenitor cell fate decisions and the associated environmental sensing are regulated to ensure the robustness of the spatial and temporal order in which cells are generated towards a fully differentiating tissue still remains elusive. Here, we investigate how cells regulate their sensing intensity and radius to guarantee the required thermodynamic robustness of a differentiated tissue. In particular, we are interested in finding the conditions where dedifferentiation at cell level is possible (microscopic reversibility), but tissue maintains its spatial order and differentiation integrity (macroscopic irreversibility). In order to tackle this, we exploit the recently postulated Least microEnvironmental Uncertainty Principle (LEUP) to develop a theory of stochastic thermodynamics for cell differentiation. To assess the predictive and explanatory power of our theory, we challenge it against the avian photoreceptor mosaic data. By calibrating a single parameter, the LEUP can predict the cone color spatial distribution in the avian retina and, at the same time, suggest that such a spatial pattern is associated with quasi-optimal cell sensing. By means of the stochastic thermodynamics formalism, we find out that thermodynamic robustness of differentiated tissues depends on cell metabolism and cell sensing properties. In turn, we calculate the limits of the cell sensing radius that ensure the robustness of differentiated tissue spatial order. Finally, we further constrain our model predictions to the avian photoreceptor mosaic.

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Four blessings and a funeral: Adomnán's theological map of Iona

The Innes Review ◽

10.3366/inr.2021.0279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Gilbert Márkus

Keyword(s):

Spatial Order ◽

Time And Space ◽

Mental Map ◽

Surrounding Landscape

Adomnán of Iona wrote a Life of Saint Columba, the founder of that monastery, but did not tell the story of Iona's foundation. Instead, the holiness of the monastery and its surrounding landscape, and their connection to the founder, were established by a narrative in the final chapter of Adomnán's work. In it we watch the final days of Columba's life and his movement across the island, blessing it and its inhabitants. The description is simple, but it is rich in references to scriptural, liturgical and sacramental themes, and it structures those themes spatially, revealing Adomnán's mental map of the island. Iona's various spaces and boundaries shape and express the lives of Columba's (and Adomnán's) monks, and so invite the reader to see how salvation is revealed in time and space, in movement, and in dwelling within the spatial order established by Columba's blessings.

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