scholarly journals Fabrication Fe/Fe3O4/Graphene Nanocomposite Electrode Material for Rechargeable Ni/Fe Batteries in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar ◽  
A.K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Iron Oxalate ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Fe/Fe3O4/Graphene composite electrode material was synthesized by a thermal reduction method and then used as anode material along with Nickel cathode in rechargeable Ni/Fe alkaline batteries in hybrid electric vehicles. Reduced graphene /Fe/Fe3O4 composite electrode material was prepared using a facile three step synthesis involving synthesis of iron oxalate and subsequent reduction of exfoliated graphene oxide and iron oxalate by thermal decomposition method. The synthesis approach presents a promising route for a large-scale production of reduced graphene /Fe/Fe3O4 composite as electrode material for Ni/Fe rechargeable batteries. The particle size and structure of the samples were characterized by SEM and XRD.

scholarly journals Communication between PHEV’s and Smart Grid using Zigbee Protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Karthik Rao R ◽  
Sai kiran P ◽  
Phaneendra Babu Bobba
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grid ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Vehicle To Grid ◽  
Vehicle Owner ◽  
Level Information ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Plug-in-hybrid electric vehicles commonly known as PHEV’s are hybrid electric vehicles that use rechargeable batteries for operation. Since PHEV’s run on electric batteries, they require charging after the charge reaches a certain minimum level. The batteries can be charged using external sources usually a smart grid. This requires a wireless technology that can be used to send the information of the battery charge to the smart grid so that it can be charged. This paper is a detailed description of how this communication can be achieved using the ZigBee wireless technology. The battery level information can be sent to the smart grid using this technology and the smart grid operator can then decide whether the PHEV needs charging or not. If not, the battery can be used to provide Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services i.e. the charge from the vehicle can be sent back to the grid depending on the will of the vehicle owner. Thus, in this way a system can be developed where in both the PHEV driver and the grid operator can benefit.

scholarly journals The Second Life of Hybrid Electric Vehicles Batteries Methodology of Implementation in Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrén Fernández Palomeque ◽  
Diego Rojas Hiedra ◽  
Daniel Cordero ◽  
Martín Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Hybrid Car ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Hybrid car sales in Ecuador in the last 10 years are very promising. The presence of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) in the country generates an increase in nickel metal hydride batteries used (NiHm), these batteries do not follow an adequate recycling and disposal process. Several studies show that these batteries have energy levels and that they can be reused in other applications outside of the car as a power supply. This option of using recovered batteries is known as the second life of the battery (SLB). The reuse of batteries generates options to supply power on a large scale and with this reduce the pollution that these batteries can generate, especially in our country that does not have an optimal recycling process. This chapter presents the design of a methodology for the implementation of second life in Ecuador considering the use of NiHm batteries in HEV. For the design of the methodology, two possible scenarios for its implementation are analyzed. Scenario 1 is the use of NiHm batteries to supply energy to laboratories of a University in the city of Cuenca and scenario 2 shows the use of NiHm batteries as an additional energy source at the Airport of Santa Cruz present in the Galapagos Islands.

Energy Ships and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Are They the Key for a Rapid Transition to an Emission-Free Economy?

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Platzer ◽  
N. Sarigul-Klijn
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
High Wind ◽  
Hydrokinetic Turbines ◽  
Rapid Transition ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
Hydrogen Systems

In this paper a novel method is presented to store energy in order to overcome the intermittent power supply problems caused by the use of conventional wind turbines. This novel method is based on the recognition that the winds over the oceans can be harnessed by means of sailing ships equipped with hydrokinetic turbines whose electric output can be used to charge electric batteries or to convert the seawater into hydrogen. It is shown that small off-grid communities can be supplied with stable year-round power by means of a small fleet of remotely controlled ships which operate in high-wind ocean areas. A prelimina1y cost analysis indicates that this energy ship concept is economically competitive with land-based wind-hydrogen systems. Also, it is shown that the Hawaiian Islands can be provided with stable year-round power by the use of large-scale energy ships operating in high-wind areas to produce hydrogen and by the use of energy ships operating in Hawaiian waters to charge the batteries of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.

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