Potential Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network sites in Canada: 2020 update

Wader Study ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E. McKellar ◽  
Yves Aubry ◽  
Mark C. Drever ◽  
Christian A. Friis ◽  
Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Reserve Network

scholarly journals Annual and Seasonal Variation in Shorebird Abundance in the St. Lawrence River Estuary during Fall Migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Turcotte ◽  
Jean-Francois Lamarre ◽  
Joel Bety
Keyword(s):  
General Trend ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Reserve Network ◽  
Semipalmated Sandpiper ◽  
Peak Abundance ◽  
Effective Conservation ◽  
St Lawrence River

Many north American shorebird populations are declining. it is therefore urgent to identify major sites used during their annual cycle to achieve effective conservation measures. our objective was to expand some aspects of the knowledge base needed to assess the ecological value of the St. Lawrence River Estuary for shorebird conservation. Here, we present the results of the most intensive shorebird survey ever conducted in the St. Lawrence River Estuary during fall migration. Surveys were conducted between St-Jean-Port-Joli and St-Simon-sur-Mer, Quebec, Canada, in 2011 and 2012, from late June/early July through late november, corresponding to the migration period of all species potentially present in the study area. The Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) was one of the two most abundant species during both years of our study (most abundant species, followed by Dunlin [Calidris alpina] and Black-bellied Plover [Pluvialis squatarola] in 2011; second to Blackbellied Plover in 2012). Considering the entire shorebird community, abundance of individuals peaked in early September. Peak abundance occurred earlier for adults than for juveniles. For most species, juveniles largely outnumbered adults. Juveniles were relatively less abundant in 2012 than in 2011. This reflected a general trend observed in northeastern north America between those years, suggesting a lower breeding success in 2012. Given its importance as a staging site for juvenile birds (study area used annually by up to a few hundred thousand shorebirds) and therein, its conservation value, we recommend that the St. Lawrence River Estuary should be included within the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve network.

scholarly journals Identification of priority shorebird conservation areas in the Caribbean

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9831
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Cañizares ◽  
J. Michael Reed
Keyword(s):  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Reserve Network ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Charadrius Wilsonia ◽  
Himantopus Mexicanus ◽  
Del Rio

Despite being geographically central to the Atlantic Americas Flyway for migratory birds, the Caribbean is often overlooked or underappreciated when addressing the conservation of North American shorebirds. To our knowledge, this is the first Caribbean-wide assessment of shorebird use in the region. We analyzed 211,013 shorebird species observations in the insular Caribbean from 2010–2019, representing 78,794 eBird checklists and cumulative total of 2.1 million shorebirds of 45 species. We conclude that priority areas for shorebird conservation include Humedal Sur de Pinar del Río (Humedal Sur de Los Palacios) in Cuba, and Monte Cristi in the Dominican Republic as they each likely support more than 20,000 shorebirds annually, and they host large abundances of geographic populations for particular taxa. Specifically, the former site hosts >10% of Short-billed Dowitchers (Limnodromus griseus griseus/hendersoni), and >1% of Black-bellied Plovers (Pluvialis squatarola cynosurae) and Wilson’s Plovers (Charadrius wilsonia wilsonia), while the latter site supports large numbers of Black-necked Stilts (Himantopus mexicanus). We also identified at least 15 additional sites that likely cross the 1% population threshold for one or more shorebird taxa. These sites may qualify for special international designations such as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas or as part of the Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network; 11 of the 17 sites we identified do not hold either of these titles. Data on subspecific or geographic distributions of three species, Snowy Plover (C. nivosus), Black-necked Stilt, and Killdeer (C. vociferous), are insufficient to reveal if the sites with the highest abundances were mostly comprised of Caribbean populations or migrants, but the limited information suggests that they also likely exceed 1% thresholds on several islands. Based on our results, we recommend more extensive systematic surveys of shorebirds in the Caribbean, including research on turnover rates and movements between islands, as well as assimilation of shorebird survey data not yet included in the eBird portal.

scholarly journals Colonization, Population Growth, and Nesting Success of Black Oystercatchers Following a Seismic Uplift

The Condor ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena A. Gill ◽  
Scott A. Hatch ◽  
Richard B. Lanctot
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surges ◽  
Nesting Success ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Reserve Network ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
La Red

AbstractWe present data on the colonization of Middleton Island, Alaska, by Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) following the creation of an extensive rocky intertidal zone after the Alaskan earthquake of 1964. The first pair of oystercatchers was detected in 1976, and it was another 5 years before the population increased to three pairs. Oystercatcher numbers increased steadily thereafter, with a population explosion occurring in the 1990s. By 2002, there were 171 territorial pairs on the island. The total number of birds increased from two in 1976 to 718 in 2002. Breeding-pair densities on Middleton Island are the highest recorded for any portion of Alaska, averaging more than 5 pairs per km of shoreline in 2002. Nesting success in 2001 and 2002 was greater (83% or more of the eggs laid hatched) than that reported for any other population of oystercatchers in Alaska or along the Pacific Coast. We attribute this exponential growth rate and exceptionally high reproductive success to the large area of available and suitable habitat, the low number of avian predators and the complete lack of mammalian predators, low rate of nest loss to high tides and storm surges, and a low level of human disturbance. We propose nominating Middleton Island as a regional Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network site because a high percentage of the world's and region's population of Black Oystercatchers resides there during the breeding season. Further, since Middleton Island may be the single most important site in Alaska for Black Oystercatchers, we suggest it be protected from future development.Colonización, Crecimiento Poblacional y Éxito de Nidada de Ostreros Negros Luego de un Movimiento SísmicoResumen. Presentamos datos sobre la colonización de la Isla Middleton, Alaska, por el Haematopus bachmani, luego de la creación de una extensa zona intermareal rocosa como resultado del terremoto ocurrido en 1964. La primera pareja de ostreros fue detectada en 1976, y pasaron otros 5 años antes de que la población aumente a tres parejas. Desde entonces los números de ostreros crecieron constantemente con una explosión de la población ocurrida en los 1990s. En 2002 había 171 parejas territoriales en la isla. El número total de individuos aumentó de dos en 1976 a 718 en 2002. Las densidades de parejas reproductivas en la Isla Middleton son las más altas registradas en cualquier lugar de Alaska, promediando más de 5 parejas por km de costa en 2002. El éxito de nidada en 2001 y 2002 fue mayor (83% o más de los huevos depositados eclosionaron) que el informado para cualquier otra población de ostreros de Alaska o de la costa Pacífica. Atribuimos esta tasa de crecimiento exponencial y el excepcional y alto éxito reproductivo, a la gran superficie con hábitat adecuado disponible, al bajo número de aves predadoras y a la completa ausencia de mamíferos predadores, a la baja tasa de perdida de nidos por mareas altas u oleaje por tormentas, y al bajo grado de disturbio humano. Proponemos la nominación de la Isla de Middleton como Sitio Regional de la Red Hemisférica de Reservas para Aves Playeras, dado el elevado porcentaje de la población mundial y regional de ostreros negros que allí residen durante la temporada reproductiva. Además, dado que la Isla Middleton podría ser el sitio más importante de Alaska para Haematopus bachmani, sugerimos que debería ser protegida del desarrollo en el futuro.

North America

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Bell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Early America ◽  
Charles I ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
King Charles I ◽  
The Church

In step with the gradually unfolding imperial policies of the successive governments of King Charles I and later monarchs, the Church of England was extended to the northern part of the Western hemisphere between 1662 and 1829. Under the supervision of the Board of Trade and Plantations until 1701, and the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts from that year, decade after decade an increasing number of men of differing origins and places of collegiate education in Britain came to serve missions of the Church in early America. The ranks included natives of England, Wales, Scotland, Ireland, and the American colonies, who were supported by the SPG or the legislatures of the provinces in which the Church was established. Development was shaped by imperial policies and administration over 160 years amid rising populations, changing political situations, and the consequences of war and diplomacy.

scholarly journals Encountering suicide in primary healthcare rehabilitation: the experiences of physiotherapists

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Åse Lundin ◽  
Anna Bergenheim
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Patients At Risk

Abstract Background Suicide is a serious public health issue and one of the most common causes of death globally. Suicide has long-lasting impact on personal, relational, community and societal levels. Research has shown that patients often seek help in the primary healthcare system preceding a suicide. Studies exploring the experiences of encountering patients at risk for suicide have been performed among various categories of healthcare personnel, such as nurses and psychiatry residents as well as emergency room staff. There is a lack of research regarding primary healthcare rehabilitation staff, despite the fact that physiotherapists are the third largest health profession in the Western hemisphere and often work with patients experiencing mental health symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of encountering patients at risk for suicide among physiotherapists working in a primary healthcare rehabilitation setting. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 physiotherapists working in primary healthcare rehabilitation clinics in the Gothenburg area, Sweden. The interviews were recorded on audio and transcribed into written text. A qualitative content analysis was performed on the material collected. Results The analysis of the material revealed an overarching theme, Through barriers and taboos – the physiotherapist finds a way, with five main categories: possibilities for identification, obstacles in meeting suicide, workplace environment matters, where does the patient belong? and education and experience are keys. Conclusions The present study indicates that physiotherapists in the primary healthcare system encounter patients experiencing suicidality, and they expressed a strong desire to care for both the physical and mental wellbeing of the patients. Despite reporting many barriers, the physiotherapists often found a way to form a meaningful therapeutic alliance with the patient and to ask about possible suicidality in their clinical practice. The result suggests that physiotherapists could play a larger role in working with patients experiencing suicidality in a primary healthcare setting and that they could be viewed as possible gatekeepers in identification as well as referral of these patients into other parts of the healthcare system.

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