Effects of the Light Irradiance on the Growth and Lipids Content of Amphidinium Carterae (Dinophyceae) for Biofuels Production

The irradiance level used to the microalgae cultures can modify the growth and proximate composition, however, this response is specie specific. The dinoflagellate group had the potential to be used as a source to biofuel production. In this study was evaluated the effect of five irradiance levels (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 µmol photon m-2 s­-1) on the growth rate, proximal composition, pigment content, and photosynthesis of Amphidinium carterae. The highest cell concentration was for the cultures at 150 µmol photon m-2 s-1 (130 × 103 cells mL-1), and the lowest values for 50 µmol photon m-2 s-1 (49 × 103 cells mL-1). The cultures maintained under the low irradiance (50 µmol photon m-2 s-1) had the highest values of total dry weight (TDW) (13418 pg cell-1), organic dry weight (ODW) (3836 pg cell-1), and inorganic dry weight (IDW) (9582 pg cell-1). The protein content as the general trend increases significantly concerning the irradiance level, with the higher values (87.47 pg cell-1) at high irradiance (250 µmol photon m-2 s-1). Carbohydrate content was different by the effect of irradiance, with the higher values (32.85 pg cell-1) at the low irradiance used (50 µmol photon m-2 s-1). Lipid content was modified by the effect of irradiance, with the highest values (534.74 pg cell-1) at the low irradiance used (50 µmol photon m-2 s-1). As a general trend, the high irradiances increased the photosynthesis curves. These findings demonstrate that the strain of A. carterae used in this work can grow in high irradiances (100 to 250 µmol photon m-2 s-1) and increase significantly the lipid content on low irradiance used (50 µmol photon m-2 s-1).

The Effects of Gender Signals and Performance in Online Product Reviews

This work quantifies the effects of signaling gender through gender specific user names, on the success of reviews written on the popular amazon.com shopping platform. Highly rated reviews play an important role in e-commerce since they are prominently displayed next to products. Differences in reviews, perceived—consciously or unconsciously—with respect to gender signals, can lead to crucial biases in determining what content and perspectives are represented among top reviews. To investigate this, we extract signals of author gender from user names to select reviews where the author’s likely gender can be inferred. Using reviews authored by these gender-signaling authors, we train a deep learning classifier to quantify the gendered writing style (i.e., gendered performance) of reviews written by authors who do not send clear gender signals via their user name. We contrast the effects of gender signaling and performance on the review helpfulness ratings using matching experiments. This is aimed at understanding if an advantage is to be gained by (not) signaling one’s gender when posting reviews. While we find no general trend that gendered signals or performances influence overall review success, we find strong context-specific effects. For example, reviews in product categories such as Electronics or Computers are perceived as less helpful when authors signal that they are likely woman, but are received as more helpful in categories such as Beauty or Clothing. In addition to these interesting findings, we believe this general chain of tools could be deployed across various social media platforms.

Comparison between Topographic and Bathymetric LiDAR Terrain Models in Flood Inundation Estimations

Remotely sensed LiDAR data has allowed for more accurate flood map generation through hydraulic simulations. Topographic and bathymetric LiDARs are the two types of LiDAR used, of which the former cannot penetrate water bodies while the latter can. Usually, the topographic LiDAR is more available than bathymetric LiDAR, and it is, therefore, a very interesting data source for flood mapping. In this study, we made comparisons between flood inundation maps from several flood scenarios generated by the HEC-RAS 2D model for 11 sites in Norway using both bathymetric and topographic terrain models. The main objective is to investigate the accuracy of the flood inundations generated from the plain topographic LiDAR, the links of the inaccuracies with geomorphic features, and the potential of using corrections for missing underwater geometry in the topographic LiDAR data to improve accuracy. The results show that the difference in inundation between topographic and bathymetric LiDAR models decreases with increasing the flood size, and this trend was found to be correlated with the amount of protection embankments in the reach. In reaches where considerable embankments are constructed, the difference between the inundations increases until the embankments are overtopped and then returns to the general trend. In addition, the magnitude of the inundation error was found to correlate positively with the sinuosity and embankment coverage and negatively with the angle of the bank. Corrections were conducted by modifying the flood discharge based on the flight discharge of the topographic LiDAR or by correcting the topographic LiDAR terrain based on the volume of the flight discharge, where the latter method generally gave better improvements.

Conductivity, microstructure and mechanical properties of tape-cast LATP with LiF and SiO2 additives

LATP sheets with LiF and SiO2 addition prepared by tape cast as electrolytes for solid-state batteries were characterized regarding conductivity, microstructure and mechanical properties aiming toward an optimized composition. The use of additives permitted a reduction of the sintering temperature. Rietveld analyses of the samples with additives revealed a phase mixture of NaSICON modifications crystallizing with rhombohedral and orthorhombic symmetry as a superstructure with space group Pbca. It seems that LiF acts as a sintering additive but also as a mineralizer for the superstructure of LATP. As general trend, higher LiF to SiO2 ratios led to lower porosities and higher values of elastic modulus and hardness determined by indentation testing, but the presence of the orthorhombic LATP leads to a decrease in the ionic conductivity. Micro-pillar testing was used to assess the crack growth behavior revealing weak grain boundaries.

Reaction of radiometric parameters to atmospheric pollution: Part I - Variation over time

The drive for indust rial development h... ... 100 to large scale urbanisation and result,.-. d in theinjec tion of good amount of suspended particle.. and gaseous substances into the atmosphere. The m..er-abuscof the capac ity .of the atmosphere to sustain the equilibrium is bound to disturb the heal budget of the earthatmospheresystem. Radiometric parameters of the atmosphere give an early indication of the trends in the longtermclimatic changes. Whi le the global rad iant exposure is no t likely to show perceptible changes due to theincreased scauering by the pollutants, I ~ ~ diffuse radiant el(p(ls~re and the direct so.l3! irradianc~ respond qu icklyto the changes In the atmospheric conditions. Various controlling factors like humidity. soi l moist ure and cloud"have d ifferent effects on the terres trial radiant energy and the changes in thi s energy OI..'Cur slowly and ta ke longtime to affect the climate at a place. But the general trend is indicated by the increased diffuse component in thedi rect sola r rrmdiances and in the net outgoing terrestrial radia nt energy. The responses arc clearly indicative.part icularly ,II Punc......here the industrial activiti es grew at a phenomenal rate during the past fifteen years.

Contestation for land towards Kampong Adat of Sakai Minas in Riau

This research discussed the Kampong Adat in Minas Barat Village, Minas District, Siak Regency. Regional Regulation Number 2 concerning the determination of Kampong Adat had issued since 2015. However, the completeness of requirements for the Ministry of Home Affairs approval has not been completed until November 2021. This study used an ethnography design; the researcher lived in the research site for two months. The data were collected by participatory observation, in-depth interviews with selected informants due to their knowledge and experience in the establishment of Kampong Adat. The data were analyzed descriptively by discussing with theory and resulted in the general trend as this research's findings. This research found, first, Since Minas Barat Village of determined as Kampong Adat, the community of Sakai Tribe have been minority citizen. Second, the Sakai community has some difficulties preparing the complete requirements for approval of the Ministry of Home Affairs because there are many interests involved in the village. Third, the government has not given severe attempts for Kampong Adat. The government let the completeness of approval has not yet been fulfilled for almost seven years. This study contributed to the anthropology of policy, specifically for indigenous peoples, in issuing affirmative policies to fulfill the rights of indigenous peoples.

Exploring High-Pressure Transformations in Low-Z (H2, Ne) Hydrates at Low Temperatures

The high pressure structural behavior of H2 and Ne clathrate hydrates with approximate composition H2/Ne·~4H2O and featuring cubic structure II (CS-II) was investigated by neutron powder diffraction using the deuterated analogues at ~95 K. CS-II hydrogen hydrate transforms gradually to isocompositional C1 phase (filled ice II) at around 1.1 GPa but may be metastably retained up to 2.2 GPa. Above 3 GPa a gradual decomposition into C2 phase (H2·H2O, filled ice Ic) and ice VIII’ takes place. Upon heating to 200 K the CS-II to C1 transition completes instantly whereas C1 decomposition appears sluggish also at 200 K. C1 was observed metastably up to 8 GPa. At 95 K C1 and C2 hydrogen hydrate can be retained below 1 GPa and yield ice II and ice Ic, respectively, upon complete release of pressure. In contrast, CS-II neon hydrate undergoes pressure-induced amorphization at 1.9 GPa, thus following the general trend for noble gas clathrate hydrates. Upon heating to 200 K amorphous Ne hydrate crystallizes as a mixture of previously unreported C2 hydrate and ice VIII’.

La rappresentazione dell’intervento di Cesare in battaglia come strategia narrativa nel De bello Gallico: un’analisi stilistica

The article scrutinises Cae­sar’s De bello Gallico narrative through offering an exhaustive analysis of one of the most relevant narrative strategies the Cae­sarian storytelling relies on: the artful representation of Cae­sar’s intervention in battle. The paper firstly illustrates how the accounts of Cae­sar’s activities during the combat are always depicted, across the seven books, as the turning point of a difficult situation for the Romans. Moreover, the article clarifies that these scenes share not only the exceptional results achieved by the commander, but also significant similarities on the diegetic, stylistic and rhetorical level. On this basis, the article argues that such analogies are part of a narrative strategy operating whenever the text describes Cae­sar’s action in a combat. A stylistic and rhetorical investigation on four exemplary cases is undertaken (Gall. 2.15-28, 3.14-15, 6.8 and 7.87); these passages are representative of the De bello Gallico general trend in depicting the author’s efforts during a struggle. The enquiry reveals that the Latin text always presents a comparable sequence of events preceding and following the account of Cae­sar’s accomplishments in battle and that similar lexicon and rhetorical figures are employed to support Cae­sar’s self-presentation as infallible commander.

infrastructure of life

The infrastructure of the city accompanies a person at all stages of their biography, including death as an integral attribute of life. This section includes three articles, the authors of which appear in our journal for the first time. The articles discuss strong trends that usually escape the attention of architectural theorists. There is a return of communal and other forms of housing where people unrelated to each other live under the same roof. Is it a global trend or a forced measure against economic hardships? A rethink of the rental house, a rapid shift in the balance from home ownership to rental housing – how will this affect the architecture of cities? In the general trend of changing attitudes to death and the process of dying, the subject of hospice architecture until recently was taboo, but now strongly attracts architects’ attention. The articles of our new authors are more of a question-posing and problematic nature, which is exactly in the style of our journal.