scholarly journals Effect of abnormal yolk sac, gestational sac and embryonic heart rate in pregnancy outcome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Jaiswal ◽  
Anand Kumar Jaiswal ◽  
Geetanjali Patel ◽  
Abha Daharwal
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Sac

Background: The purpose of the study is to know the effect of abnormal yolk sac, abnormal gestational sac and abnormal embryonic heart rate on outcome of pregnancy in the tertiary care centre of Chhattisgarh.Methods: This prospective observational study included 50 pregnant females between 6-9 weeks gestation with singleton pregnancy attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary medical institution. Transvaginal sonography was carried out to quantify yolk sac characteristics. Abnormal yolk sac was defined according to Nyberg criteria.Results: Out of 50 cases, 25 cases had abnormal yolk sac, 23 cases had abnormal gestational sac and 22 cases had abnormal embryonic heart rate and heart rate was absent in 23 cases. Out of 50 cases, 32 got aborted and rest 18 cases had ongoing pregnancy beyond 20 weeks. Normal yolk sac diameter (YSD) (2-5 mm) showed 72.2% sensitivity, 62.5% specificity, 52% positive predictive value and 80% negative predictive value in predicting pregnancy outcome. Gestational sac diameter had 66.66% sensitivity, 53.12% specificity, 44.44% PPV and 73.91% NPV and for EHR had 22.22% sensitivity, 96.87% specificity, 80% PPV and 68.88% NPV.Conclusions: The embryos with abnormal YSD are highly associated with poor pregnancy outcome with good sensitivity and NPV. Present study indicates that the yolk sac measurement is reliable prognostic factor in predicting 1st trimester pregnancy outcome.

Normal Ranges of Embryonic Length, Embryonic Heart Rate, Gestational Sac Diameter and Yolk Sac Diameter at 6–10 Weeks

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
George I. Papaioannou ◽  
Argyro Syngelaki ◽  
Leona C.Y. Poon ◽  
Jackie A. Ross ◽  
Kypros H. Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Gestational Sac

Yolk sac size and embryonic heart rate as prognostic factors of first trimester pregnancy outcome

2008 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotios K. Varelas ◽  
Nicolaos M. Prapas ◽  
Ren-Ing Liang ◽  
Ioannis M. Prapas ◽  
Georgios A. Makedos
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy

scholarly journals Evaluation of yolk sac size and embryonic heart rate in first trimester and pregnancy outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2975
Author(s):  
Waleed M. Tawfik
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
First Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Trimester Pregnancy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Accurate differentiation between normal pregnancy and pregnancy loss in early gestation remains a clinical challenge-previous studies have described the association between embryonic well-beings and the characteristics of gestational sac. The aim of the study was to evaluate the yolk sac size and embryonic heart rate as a prognostic factor for the first trimester pregnancy outcome.Methods: This was a prospective cohort observesional study. It included 52 pregnant women in their first trimester from 6 week till 12 weeks gestation. Transvaginal sonographic examination after explanation and agreement of each patient. All pregnancies were followed for their pregnancy outcome after completion of 12 weeks. The adverse outcome was spontaneous miscarriage occurring before or at 12 weeks of gestation. These patients allocated into four study groups: according to gestational age at presentation and pregnancy outcome. Group I included women who were examined during (6-7 weeks+6 days). Group II included women who were examined during (8-9 weeks+6 days). Group III included women who were examined during (10-12 weeks). Group IV included women who had their pregnancies resulted into first trimester spontaneous miscarriage.Results: The validity of YS diameter regarding the prognosis of first trimester pregnancy outcome shows that; YSD had 100% specificity and 97.8% sensitivity in prediction of miscarriage. Regarding embryonic heartbeat, there was a statistically significant difference between group IV and the other groups. There was embryonic bradycardia in the miscarriage group. EHR had a sensitivity of 97.5% and specificity of 100% in prediction of first trimester pregnancy outcome.Conclusions: Abnormal yolk sac diameter, in the form of small, enlarged, absent or irregular yolk sac, and embryonic bradycardia are associated with poor pregnancy outcome.

scholarly journals Predictors of poor first trimester outcome in asymptomatic women : the value of embryonic heart rate , mid sac diameter / yolk sac ratio & mid sac diameter / crown rump length

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Suaad Abdulkadhim
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Asymptomatic Women

Background:  Ultrasound provides a powerful tool for assessing early pregnancy and detecting pregnancy failure at first trimester and promoting rapid effective management. Several  criteria have been established  to predict  the pregnancy outcome particularly in symptomatic women . Aim: To evaluate  asymptomatic women at the first trimester of pregnancy , to assess the efficacy of certain ratios as mid sac diameter (MSD)  / yolk sac ratio & crown rump length (CRL)/mid sac diameter (as indicator  of early first trimester oligohydramnios)  in predicting poor 1st   trimester outcome Type of the study: A cross-sectional study. Patients & Methods:  A sixty three asymptomatic women were enrolled in this prospective study . Transvaginal sonography was performed for confirmation of pregnancy viability & exclusion of multiple pregnancies 6-8 weeks of gestation & follow up ultrasound repeated at the beginning of second trimester to confirm the continuation of pregnancy and  viability of fetus. Several parameters assessed and tested against each others as embryonic heart rate , the size and morphologic criteria of gestational sac , yolk sac and  the crown rump length  Results: The women  were classified into two groups: group A are those with successful outcome at the first trimester and group B are those with poor outcome of the 1st trimester . Decrease embryonic heart rate below 100 beat per minute  and low mid sac diameter/ yolk sac size ratio of < 1.9 , were found to be significant predictors of poor outcome however mid sac diameter/crown rump length ratio was not found to  have a similar significance  Conclusion: In addition to the classical parameters  assessed  by trans-vaginal ultrasound, other important parameters need to be routinely applied as the  embryonic heart rate that predict poor outcome when less than 100 bpm . In addition to the ratio of mid sac diameter to the yolk sac diameter which  , if less than 1.9 ,  may point to abnormal  first trimester fate.

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