scholarly journals Study of clinical and endoscopic profile of dyspepsia and upper gastrointestinal bleed

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
Akash Rajender ◽  
Priyanka Choudhary ◽  
Saumya Mathur ◽  
Rajat Bhargava ◽  
Shalini Upadhyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Gi Bleed ◽  
Gandhi Medical College ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleed (UGIB) and dyspepsia are the commonest indications for an upper GI endoscopy (UGIE), which has the potential to provide both diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Alarm symptoms in patients with dyspepsia need proper evaluation.Methods: In an observational hospital-based study, 5117 patient undergoing upper GI endoscopy were evaluated at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Detailed clinical and endoscopic profile was evaluated for subjects with dyspepsia and UGIB. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0.Results: Dyspepsia (2887, 56.41%) followed by upper GI bleed (1124, 21.97%) were the most common indications for UGIE. In subjects presenting with UGIB, most patients had both hematemesis with Malena (48.04%), 48.93% were chronic alcoholics and nearly one fourth (26.96%) were on NSAIDS. Variceal bleeding (52.94%), followed by peptic ulcer bleed (13.43%) were the most common causes of bleed. In subjects undergoing UGIE for dyspepsia, 37.41% revealed no endoscopic lesion followed by gastro-duodenitis (25.01%). Peptic ulcer was cause of dyspepsia in 18.05% and was significantly more in those with alarm symptoms (<0.001). Alarm symptoms in dyspepsia has a significant high likelihood of finding a malignant lesion on endoscopic evaluation (p 0.013).Conclusions: Variceal bleed is the most common cause of UGIB in the adult Indian population. In patients with dyspepsia, presence of alarm symptoms is significantly associated with organic lesion on endoscopy. Although the incidence of malignancy is low, endoscopy in more than 50years subjects presenting with dyspepsia may help in early diagnosis and reducing morbidity.

scholarly journals UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEED;

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1247-1251
Author(s):  
Salman Shakeel ◽  
Muhammad Imran Hasan Khan ◽  
Ghias Un Nabi ◽  
Ehsan Ullah ◽  
Asif Mehmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gi Bleed ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed (UGIB) is a globally prevalent medicalemergency and is a major cause of mortality. It may manifest as Hematemesis, Melena orHemetochezia. The most common causes of UGIB are Esophageal Varices (EV) and PepticUlcer Disease (PUD). Upper GI endoscopy (EGD) is the preferred procedure for investigation.Objectives: This study was carried out to identify patterns of endoscopic findings in patientswith UGIB and its frequency according to age, gender and symptoms in our setup. StudyDesign: It was a single centered retrospective analysis. Setting: Endoscopy floor of LahoreGeneral Hospital, Lahore for evaluation of Upper GI Bleed. Period: January 2010 to December2013. Material & Methods: 3910 patients were brought to the GI Endoscopy. Data wascollected from the endoscopy records on demographics (age and gender) and history of UGIB.The endoscopic findings were then evaluated. Results: 58.3% were male and 41.7% werefemale; male to female ratio was (1.4:1). The mean age was 43.4 years for males and 46.9 yearsfor females. (58%) had hemetemesis, (21%) had melena, (19%) had both hemetemesis andmelena. (2%) had hemetochezia. EV (69.2%) was the commonest cause of UGIB followed byPUD (20.6%). 4.3% of patients had a normal endoscopy and 2.5 % had Growth in upper GI tract.Conclusions: EV was the commonest cause of UGIB in our setup, as compared to the westernworld, where PUD was more common. Probable reason could be the high prevalence of livercirrhosis in our population. A good number of patients had a normal endoscopy, suggestingphysicians to obtain detailed history prior to the procedure.

scholarly journals Air, Air Everywhere‑ A Rare Entity

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 022-025
Author(s):  
Gazal Singla ◽  
Shikha Sood ◽  
Sanjeev Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Perforation ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Recurrent Vomiting ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Gastric Mass ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

ABSTRACTUpper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is a widely used diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Gastric perforation causing pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumorrhachis, and subcutaneous emphysema after upper GI endoscopy is an extremely rare complication. We present an interesting case of a 58‑year‑old male who presented to the Emergency Department with recurrent vomiting, abdominal pain and diffuse swelling over abdomen, chest, neck bilateral arms, and thighs after undergoing an endoscopy for a gastric mass.

scholarly journals Systematic review with meta-analysis: age-related malignancy detection rates at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175628482095922
Author(s):  
Judith J. de Jong ◽  
Marten A. Lantinga ◽  
Ina M. E. Thijs ◽  
Philip R. de Reuver ◽  
Joost P. H. Drenth
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
Upper Gi Malignancy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Age is an important and objective risk factor for upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy. The accuracy of various age limits to detect upper GI malignancy is unclear. Determination of this accuracy may aid in the decision to refer symptomatic patients for upper GI endoscopy. The aim of this analysis was to synthesize data on upper GI malignancy detection rates for various age limits worldwide through meta-analysis. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science in November 2018. Selection criteria included studies addressing malignant findings at upper GI endoscopy in a symptomatic population reporting age at time of diagnosis. Meta-analyses were conducted to derive continent-specific cancer detection rates. Results: A total of 33 studies including 346,641 patients across 21 countries fulfilled the inclusion criteria. To detect >80% of malignant cases all symptomatic patients over 40 years of age should be investigated in Africa, over 50 years of age in South America and Asia, and over 55 years of age in North America and Europe. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provides data on intercontinental variation in age at time of upper GI malignancy diagnosis in symptomatic patients referred for upper GI endoscopy. Guideline recommendations for age-based selection should be tailored to local age-related detection rates.

scholarly journals Evaluation of persistent upper abdominal pain by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Keyur Suryakant Patel ◽  
Prabhat B. Nichkaode ◽  
Sunil V. Panchabhai ◽  
Manichandra Reddy ◽  
Balaji Prathep Santhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: The upper gastrointestinal tract is affected by a spectrum of conditions which span from infectious, idiopathic, inflammatory diseases, polyps, motility disorders and malignancy. Upper gastrointestinal scopy is believed to be the most effective screening modality as it not only allows direct visualization of oesophagus, gastric and duodenal mucosa but to perform biopsies in suspected malignancies. Aim: To evaluate persistent upper abdominal pain by upper gastrointestinal scopy.Methods: A total of 100 patients presented with complains of persistent upper abdominal pain were subjected to upper gastrointestinal scopy. Biopsies in indicated cases were taken from abnormal areas and sent for histopathology.Results: Most common finding in patients according to upper gastrointestinal scopy was gastritis (27%), followed by duodentitis (9%), and gastroduodenitis (7%). Rapid urease test in cases of gastritis and duodenitis to determine H. pylori infection were positive in 53.8% cases.Conclusions: Because of its precision and relatively safe technique upper GI endoscopy can be considered in patients above age of 50 years presenting to surgical OPD with complaints of persistent pain in upper abdomen. Investigating helicobacter pylori should be considered in all patients found to have gastric or duodenal lesions on upper GI endoscopy as its association with these lesions ranges from 50 to 80%.

scholarly journals Upper GI Endoscopy in Children: An Experience from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU)

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder ◽  
Md Rukunuzzaman ◽  
Atiar Rahman ◽  
SM Baqui Billah ◽  
Kaniz Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Varices ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi Bleeding ◽  
Endoscopic Findings ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is a safe and sensitive investigation in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal diseases. There is limited study on paediatric upper GI endoscopy in our country. This study was done only in BSMMU, a tertiary care health facility of Bangladesh.Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the indications, common endoscopic findings and immediate post procedure complication of UGI endoscopy in children.Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 100 patients from August 2013 to October 2014. The indications for UGI endoscopy, common endoscopic findings and immediate post procedure complications were collected from case recording &were analyzed.Results: The commonest indication was upper GI bleeding in the form of hematemesis with or without melenae (41%). The most common finding was esophageal varices (49%). Less common findings were esophagitis, gastritis & gastro-duodenal ulcer. There was no post procedure complication.Conclusion: In the study, the commonest indication for Pediatric UGI endoscopy was upper GI bleeding and the commonest endoscopic abnormality was esophageal varices. No immediate post procedure complication was noted in the study.Bangladesh J Child Health 2016; VOL 40 (1) :17-20

Variceal Bleeding is Leading Cause of Upper GI Bleed: A Study from Northern Part of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1837-1839
Author(s):  
Tanveer Ahmed ◽  
Mustafa Kamal ◽  
Ramish Riaz ◽  
Mashhood Ali
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Variceal Bleed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gi Bleed ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a leading cause of hospitalization in medical emergencies around the world, with a high death and morbidity rate. In all cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopy is the primary diagnostic tool. Key management of depends on diagnosing the exact cause of disease. Methodology: This descriptive study was carried out at Gastroenterology Department, PIMS, Islamabad from January 2019 to December 2019. All patients having history of upper gastrointestinal bleed were included in the study. Patients unfit for endoscopy i.e. with perforation, peritonitis, comatose needing intubation and those unwilling to undergo the procedure were excluded. Total 490 patients fulfilled the criterion. The cause of GI bleed was noted upon endoscopy. Data was noted on set performa and further statistical analysis was performed via SPSS v 26. Results: Among 490 patients, 298 (61%) were males while 192 (39%) were females. Most common age group presenting with upper GI bleed belongs to old age group i.e. had age above 60 years (n=235, 47.9%) followed by 40 to 59 years (n=174, 35.5%).Most common cause of upper GI bleed was found to be variceal bleed (n=292, 59.5%), followed by ulcer bleed (n=88, 18.0%) and stomach cancer (n=28, 6%). In 82 (17%) cases no reason for gastrointestinal bleed could be found out. Chi-square test showed Variceal bleed to be the most significant reason (χ2=65.2, P-Value<0.001) of Upper GI bleed. Conclusion: Variceal bleed is the most significant cause of upper GI bleed in our study population. This trend can be attributed to increased prevalence of hepatitis C in Pakistan. Special attention to the patient’s symptoms especially with history of HCV can help in early diagnosis and timely management. Keywords: Variceal Bleed, Upper GI Bleed, Endoscopy, Ulcer, Hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Hemostasis Achieved Endoscopically for Diverticular Bleeding from the Horizontal Portion of the Duodenum

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. CGast.S32421
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Matuso ◽  
Hiroshi Yasuda ◽  
Midori Suzuki ◽  
Shinya Ishigooka ◽  
Shun-Ichiro Ozawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Hemostasis ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Diverticular Bleeding ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Horizontal Portion ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Diverticulum of the horizontal portion of the duodenum is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Since it is difficult to access the horizontal portion of the duodenum by standard upper GI endoscopy, only a very few cases of endoscopic hemostasis have been reported. Herein, we report a case of diverticular bleeding from the horizontal portion of the duodenum for which hemostasis was achieved using a small-caliber colonoscope, which has an insertion part designed with a passive-bending function/high-force transmission and a transparent tip hood.

Upper GI Bleed, Etiology, Role of Endoscopy in Rural Population of Punjab

2012 ◽  
pp. 208-221
Author(s):  
Ravinder Singh Malhotra ◽  
K. S. Ded ◽  
Arun Gupta ◽  
Darpan Bansal ◽  
Harneet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Gi Bleed ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Common Variable

Haematemesis and malena are the two most important symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding . The most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is due to a peptic ulcer. In this paper, the authors research the cause of bleeding. Contrary to previous studies, results favor esophageal varices, e.g., alcoholism or cirrhosis liver post necrotic, as the most common cause of bleeding rather than a peptic ulcer. The authors’ study is based on an observational retrospective protocol with records of 50 consecutive patients with GI bleeding, attending the emergency room from February 2007 until September 2009. Results show that the treatment of UGI bleeding has made important progress since the introduction of emergency endoscopy and endoscopic techniques for haemostasis. The application of specific protocols significantly decreases rebleeding and the need for surgery, whereas mortality is still high. The data highlight the decreasing trend of peptic ulcer as the sole cause of bleeding, as shown in previous literature, ascertaining that varices are now the most common variable.

Spectrum of upper gastrointestinal bleed in patients with cirrhosis of liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Subash Bhattarai ◽  
Khus Raj Dewan ◽  
Gaurav Shrestha ◽  
Bhanumati Saikia Patowary
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Variceal Bleed ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Cirrhosis Of Liver ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background & Objectives:Acute upper gastrointestinal (UGI)  bleeding is a serious medical problem in patients with cirrhosis of  liver associated with high mortality. Gastro-oesophageal variceal bleed is the most common complication of portal hypertension in patient with liver cirrhosis. This study  was undertaken to establish the causes of UGI bleed in cirrhosis, their relative incidences, clinical presentation , endoscopic findings, outcomes during hospitalization including rebleeding and mortality were studied.Materials & Methods:One hundred and twenty patients with clinical features, sonological and endoscopic evidence of portal hypertension and cirrhosis of liver who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleed were included in the study. After haemodynamic stability, each patient underwent UGI endoscopy usually within 12 hours and the aetiology with diagnostic findings were documented. Results:Ruptured oesophageal varices was the  most common cause of UGI bleed in cirrhotic patients. Non variceal causes of UGI bleed accounted for 33.3 % of cases. The majority of non variceal bleed was peptic ulcer disease and accounted for 19.2 % of total UGI bleed in liver cirrhosis. This was followed by portal hypertension gastropathy, erosive gastropathy, mallory-weiss tear and others.Conclusion:The most frequent causes of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis was  oesophageal varices. Peptic ulcer disesase is also a common aetiology of UGI bleed in cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients with variceal etiology have more chances of rebleeding and have higher mortality than those with non variceal aetiologies. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease at Kathmandu Model Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi ◽  
Sachin Khadka ◽  
Deepak Man Joshi ◽  
Arun Kadel ◽  
Ganesh Dangal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Endoscopic rapid urease test is a simple and most widely used test to detect the presence of urease in the gastric mucosa. Many studies have reported prevalence of H. pylori infection in relation to age, gender and site of ulcer. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence and significance of H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease. Methods: A retrospective review was carried out for patients with peptic ulcer disease who had undergone upper GI endoscopy in Department of Internal Medicine at Kathmandu Model Hos­pital. The records from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. Any patient with previously diagnosed peptic ulcer, history of active bleeding, cancer and incomplete records were excluded. Peptic ulcer associated with H. pylori was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic rapid urease test. Results: Among the 418 diagnosed case of peptic ulcer disease by upper GI endoscopy from Jan 2013 to Dec 2017, 213 tested positive for H. pylori by rapid urease test. Among the positive cases, over a half were males patients. Majority (23.9%) of the patients were in the age group of 35-44 years. Prevalence of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer was 51.6% followed by combined gastro-duodenal ulcer (26.8%) and gastric ulcer (21.6%). H. pylori was significantly associated with duodenal ulcer (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated relatively high prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who had undergone upper GI endoscopy.

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