scholarly journals Screening: a unique study of otorhinolaryngeal manifestations in 400 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis being diagnosed and treated under revised national tuberculosis control programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Rupali . ◽  
Karan Sharma ◽  
Nirmal Chand Kajal
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
The Body ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tuberculosis (TB) is primarily a disease of lungs but can affect any part of the body. Among extrapulmonary TB, tuberculosis of otorhinolaryngeal region is uncommon but not rare. Despite the best efforts of the RNTCP, tuberculosis is still a major health problem in India. In our study screening of the pulmonary tuberculosis patients was done to know the incidence and pattern of otorhinoloryngeal manifestations and also to know the treatment outcome after follow up of patient till completion of DOTS therapy under RNTCP.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study included 400 pulmonary tuberculosis patients, both sputum positive and sputum negative (200 patients in each group) of newly treated (ND) and previously treated (PT) categories. After complete history, physical and local examination, suspected patients were evaluated for otorhinolaryngeal manifestations of tuberculosis. The diagnosis was confirmed after culture swabs, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biopsy for histopathological examination (HPE).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of total 400 patients majority of patients belong to 21-30 years age group. Out of total 400 patients, 5 (1.25%) patients were having laryngeal tuberculosis, 1 (0.25%) patient of tubercular otitis media and 2 (0.5%) patients were having nasal TB. Results of our study are consistent with previously done studies despite RNTCP treatment. The treatment outcome was good after completion of ATT.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Every patient of pulmonary TB with complaint related to otorhinolaryngeal region should be examined and followed up with high suspicion of ENT related tuberculosis.</p>

scholarly journals Histopathological Study of Soft Tissue Lesions with Cytology Correlation

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-117
Author(s):  
M. Fathimanifra ◽  
N. Shanthi Vijayalakshmi ◽  
J. Thanka
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumours ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Soft tissue can be defined as non-epithelial extra skeletal tissue of the body, exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system, glia and supporting tissu e of various parenchymal organs. FNAC is a useful tool in distinguishing accurately between neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. To study the utility of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumours. To correlate FNAC with histopathological examination of soft tissue tumours with immunohistochemistry and / or histochemistry wherever required and assess the overall sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in diagnosing soft tissue tumours.

scholarly journals A 5-year experience characterizing the demographic and clinical profile and directly observed treatment short-course treatment outcome in National Tuberculosis Center of Duhok province, Iraqi Kurdistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205031212092105
Author(s):  
Muayad Aghali Merza
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Patient Treatment ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
National Tuberculosis Program ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: The objectives were to describe the demographic and clinical profile and treatment outcomes in the National Tuberculosis Program Center of Duhok governorate. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study of all forms of drug-susceptible tuberculosis cases in the National Tuberculosis Program Center of Duhok. The Electronic Nominal Recording Reporting System data of tuberculosis cases were reviewed during 2014–2018. Information on the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed. Tuberculosis trends and treatment outcomes were determined. Results: A total of 1063 tuberculosis patients visited the National Tuberculosis Program Center, of whom 905 were from Duhok. The estimated tuberculosis notification rate per 100,000 people in Duhok governorate was 14.06, 16.16, 10.43, 11.05, and 10.34 for the years 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively. The most affected age group was 15–24 years. The male cases were predominant. Most patients (97.3%) were native Iraqi. There were 718 (67.5%) pulmonary tuberculosis cases and 345 (32.5%) extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases; tuberculosis lymphadenitis was the most common presentation. The majority of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients were females aged 15–24 years (p = 0.019), and patients aged ⩾65 years were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in males (p ⩽ 0.001). The highest tuberculosis incidence occurred in winter (288 patients). The patient treatment outcomes were as follows: 90.7% successful treatment, 1.6% lost to follow-up, 6.7% death, 0.3 transferred out, and 0.8 treatment failure. Conclusion: There was a high frequency of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, which may reflect overestimation in its diagnosis. Therefore, meticulous evaluations should be provided. The treatment outcome was satisfactory in the center. Hence, we should maintain the favorable work to attain tuberculosis control objectives. Performing GeneXpert for all tuberculosis cases and introducing culture and drug susceptibility testing should be an urgent plan to strengthen the diagnosis of susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis cases.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative sputum by PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Negative Sputum

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major health problem in Bangladesh that is responsible for about 7% of total death in a year. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum and to evaluate the efficacy of PCR as a modern diagnostic tool, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the smear negative cases. One hundred and fifty suspected pulmonary TB patients (male/ female: 97/53) were included in this study. Single morning sputum was collected from each patient and diagnostic potential of PCR was compared with staining and culture. Twenty five (16.7%) sputum were positive by ZN stained smear. Among 125 smear negative samples, 13 (10.4%) yielded growth in culture in LJ media and 21 (16.8%) samples were positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear negative cases was 100% and 92.9% respectively. Mean detection time in PCR was 24 hours. PCR detected M. tuberculosis in 21 smear negative and 9 culture negative samples. For diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear negative cases, PCR directly from sputum was a very sensitive and accurate method. In conclusion, PCR may be done, especially in clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who remain negative by conventional methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 2-6

scholarly journals Cysticercosis: Hooked by a Hooklet on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology—A Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manav Sawhney ◽  
Shubhra Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Muscle Involvement ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Cysticercosis is a systemic parasitic disease caused by the larval form of cestodeT. solium. It has a worldwide distribution and is potentially harmful with variable clinical manifestations. The patient most commonly presents with subcutaneous and muscle involvement in the form of nodular lesions. The other most commonly involved sites include eye, brain, bladder wall, and heart. Cysticercosis can be diagnosed on serology, and radiologically but confirmatory diagnosis is based on histopathological examination of the involved tissue biopsy specimen. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful low-cost outpatient procedure tool for preoperative diagnosis of cysticercosis and is absolutely essential for diagnosis of the parasitic lesions in a peripheral hospital, one like ours.

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