scholarly journals Estudio químico del aroma y bioactividad de la fruta del pepino dulce (Solanum muricatum)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Nataly Díaz ◽  
Carmen Tatiana Cuadrado-Silva ◽  
Coralia Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis ◽  
Solanum Muricatum ◽  
Odor Activity Value

Los compuestos volátiles activos olfativamente en el aroma de la fruta del pepino dulce (Solanun muricatum) se extrajeron mediante la técnica de extracción de aroma asistido por disolventes (solventassisted flavor evaporation, SAFE), se analizaron por cromatografía de gases acoplada a olfatometría (CGO), y cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (CG/EM) y se compararon con estándares. Los compuestos con más influencia en el aroma de la fruta se diferenciaron mediante el análisis por dilución del extracto de aroma (aroma extract dilution analysis, AEDA). Con base en el cálculo del valor de la actividad del olor (odor activity value, OAV) se identificaron como compuestos de impacto de la fruta el E-6-nonenal (nota acuosa), el E-2-nonenal (nota verde-pepino), el hexanal (nota verde), el nonanal (nota verde-pepino) y la 1-penten-3-ona (nota etérea). También se estudiaron in vitro algunas de las propiedades biofuncionales de la fruta: la actividad antihipertensiva mediante la inhibición de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina-I (ECA-I) y la actividad antihipercolesterolémica con base en la inhibición de la 3-hidroxi-3-metilglutaril-coenzima A (HMG-CoA) reductasa. Se encontró que la fruta presenta una actividad inhibitoria de la ECA-I promisoria (IC50=3,72 ± 0,19 ppm), ya que se obtuvo un valor mucho menor que el obtenido para el control positivo (lisinopril). También se evidenció con el tiempo que el extracto de la fruta inhibió la actividad de la HMG-CoA reductasa con una cinética comparable a la del control positivo (pravastatina). Con estos resultados, la fruta de S. muricatum se convierte en una candidata potencial para el desarrollo de alimentos funcionales.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds in Traditional Hunan Smoke-Cured Pork Leg (Larou, THSL) by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis (AEDA), Odor Activity Value (OAV), and Sensory Evaluation Experiments

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Dandan Pu ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Huiying Zhang ◽  
Baoguo Sun ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Key Odorants ◽  
Potent Odorants ◽  
Odor Activity Value ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ranking Analysis

The key aroma compounds in smoke-cured pork leg were characterized by gas chromatography–olfactometry coupled with aroma extract dilution analysis (GC–O/AEDA), odor activity value (OAV), recombination modeling, and omission tests. Ranking analysis showed that pork leg smoke-cured for 18 days had the best sensory qualities, with strong meaty, smoky, roasty, woody, and greasy attributes. Thirty-nine aroma-active regions with flavor dilution (FD) factors ranging from 9 to 6561 were detected. Overall, 3-ethylphenol had the highest FD factor of 6561, followed by 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 3-methylphenol, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, with FD ≥243. Among 39 aroma compounds, 27 compounds with OAVs ≥1 and were potent odorants. A similarity of 90.73% between the recombination model and traditional Hunan Smoke-cured Pork Leg (THSL) sample was obtained. Omission tests further confirmed that (E)-2-nonenal, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, guaiacol, 3-ethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, and methional were key odorants in smoke-cured pork leg. Additionally, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (38.88 μg/kg), which contributes to a roasty aroma, was characterized here as a key odorant of smoke-cured pork leg for the first time.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pollen fertility in pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kowalczyk ◽  
Jolanta Kobryń ◽  
Wojciech Zieliński
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Cultivation Time ◽  
Solanum Muricatum

Abstract The influence of the cultivation time (spring-summer and autumn) and the kind of cultivation (on rockwool and peat) on the fertility of pollen coming from three successive trusses were studied for six different pepino clones. The fertility was defined in vitro as the capacity of pollen for germinating. The average capacity of pollen germination ranged in the studied clones from 10 to 15%. These clones displayed the highest pollen fertility in an autumn cultivation, comparing to a spring-summer one. Higher rate of pollen fertility was observed during a springsummer cultivation on first trusses in most of the clones studied. The pollen of all plants grown on rockwool was more fertile, comparing to the cultivation on peat substrate. High differences in pollen fertility of the clones were obtained

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

In Vitro Induction of Crystals of MT Protein by Vinblastine-Colcemid in Mouse Spermatids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
John J. Wolosewick ◽  
John H. D. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Nuclear Ring ◽  
Rough Er ◽  
Distal Direction ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Early in spermiogenesis the manchette is rapidly assembled in a distal direction from the nuclear-ring-densities. The association of vesicles of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and the manchette microtubules (MTS) has been reported. In the mouse, osmophilic densities at the distal ends of the manchette are the organizing centers (MTOCS), and are associated with the SER. Rapid MT assembly and the lack of rough ER suggests that there is an existing pool of MT protein. Colcemid potentiates the reaction of vinblastine with tubulin and was used in this investigation to detect this protein.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

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