scholarly journals A Heat Pump-Based Multi-source Renewable Energy System for the Building Air Conditioning: The IDEAS Project Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Silvia Cesari ◽  
Alessia Natali ◽  
Barbara Larwa ◽  
Eleonora Baccega ◽  
Elena Mainardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Renewable Energy System

The current paper presents the state-of-the-art of the ongoing IDEAS research project, funded under the Horizon 2020 EU framework programme. The project involves fourteen partners from six European countries and proposes a multi-source cost-effective renewable energy system for the decarbonisation of the building envelope. The system features a radiant floor fed by a heat pump for the building thermal management. The heat pump can exploit sun, air, and/or ground as thermal sources through the use of photovoltaic/thermal solar panels, air heat exchangers, and shallow ground flat-panel heat exchangers. Thermal energy storage is achieved by means of phase change materials spread along several system components, such as: radiant floor to increase its thermal inertia, solar panels for cooling purposes, ground to enhance soil thermal capacity. Within the project framework, a small-scale building, featuring a plethora of sensors for test purposes, and two large-scale buildings are meant to be equipped with the renewable energy system proposed. The small-scale building is currently in operation, and the first results are discussed in the present work. Preliminary data suggest that while multi-source systems coupled with heat pumps are particularly effective, it is complex to obtain suitable thermal energy storages on urban scale.

Prototype large-scale renewable energy system optimisation for Victoria, Australia

Energy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Huva ◽  
Roger Dargaville ◽  
Simon Caine
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
System Optimisation

Annual evaluation of a model predictive controller in an integrated thermal-electrical renewable energy system using clustering technique

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
Muthalagappan Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Model Predictive Controller ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Predictive Controller

Abstract Whitebox model in a model predictive controller (MPC) for energy systems though does help in developing accurate system model, requires a long time for optimization. In this article, an adaptation of the clustering technique used in hardware-in-the-loop is proposed for evaluation of the MPC on an annual scale with selected six representative days. Initially, the various input parameters for clustering (algorithm, distance metric, and datapoint input dimensions) are studied for the selected thermal-electrical integrated renewable energy system (with solar thermal collectors, auxiliary gas boiler, stratified thermal storage, micro fuel cell combined heat and power (FC-CHP), photovoltaic system, a lithium-ion battery) for a Sonnenhaus standard single-family residential building. Finally, the proposed methodology is used to compare the annual derived energy values and key performance indicators for an MPC implementation with a status quo controller as a reference. Also, extreme exemplary weather days are investigated as the selected representative days were only average days in each season. Despite the conflict of using the FC-CHP on cold-sunny days, instead of utilizing the battery and increased gas boiler energy input, 9% increase in decentral system fraction is reported. Via the use of MPC instead of status quo controllers, the results indicate -18% space heating demand; +30% solar thermal energy production; -29% gas boiler energy supply; -52% power-to-heat thermal energy supply; -52% electrical fuel cell production; +240 kWh battery utilization; and -52% reduced grid import at the expense of 1.2% grid import.

scholarly journals Photovoltaic and Wind Turbine: A Comparison as Building Integrated Renewable Energy in Indonesia

Humaniora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Susan Susan ◽  
Dyah Kusuma Wardhani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The research aimed to comprehensively review the systems related to Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) and Building Integrated Wind Turbine (BIWT). The review purposed to observe the advantages and disadvantages of the application. Designers could use that comparison for consideration of choosing the most suitable Building Integrated Renewable Energy (BIRE) concept for projects. The research presented a literature review of BIRE systems, particularly on BIPV and BIWT systems. The critical analysis focused on some parameters related to their main energy source, type, influencing factor, efficiency, and boundary. The observation about BIPV would be divided into subgroups according to photovoltaic (PV) materials, modules, efficiency, performance’s boundaries, and the general rule of thumb of its installation. The research finds that the BIPV application has advantages in terms of the building’s application scale. It can be applied from small-scale to large-scale. Furthermore, the BIPV application does not need extra space and could directly replace the conventional building envelope materials. The issues of non-uniformity and heat transfer in BIPV can be solved by installing PV in folding-concept and placed an air gap with fins inside. On the other hand, BIWT also has an abundant energy source, but the application limits to windy areas (rural areas or urban areas in high elevation). Aside from those limitations, the BIWT application also has issues of structure, noise, and aesthetical value.

scholarly journals Finite Element Modeling of Geothermal Source of Heat Pump in Long-Term Operation

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Hałaj ◽  
Leszek Pająk ◽  
Bartosz Papiernik
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Borehole Heat Exchangers

Model simulation allows to present the time-varying temperature distribution of the ground source for heat pumps. A system of 25 double U-shape borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) in long-term operation and three scenarios were created. In these scenarios, the difference between balanced and non-balanced energy load was considered as well as the influence of the hydrogeological factors on the temperature of the ground source. The aim of the study was to compare different thermal regimes of BHEs operation and examine the influence of small-scale and short-time thermal energy storage on ground source thermal balance. To present the performance of the system according to geological and hydrogeological factors, a Feflow® software (MIKE Powered by DHI Software) was used. The temperature for the scenarios was visualized after 10 and 30 years of the system’s operation. In this paper, a case is presented in which waste thermal energy from space cooling applications during summer months was used to upgrade thermal performance of the ground (geothermal) source of a heat pump. The study shows differences in the temperature in the ground around different Borehole Heat Exchangers. The cold plume from the not-balanced energy scenario is the most developed and might influence the future installations in the vicinity. Moreover, seasonal storage can partially overcome the negative influence of the travel of a cold plume. The most exposed to freezing were BHEs located in the core of the cold plumes. Moreover, the influence of the groundwater flow on the thermal recovery of the several BHEs is visible. The proper energy load of the geothermal source heat pump installation is crucial and it can benefit from small-scale storage. After 30 years of operation, the minimum average temperature at 50 m depth in the system with waste heat from space cooling was 2.1 °C higher than in the system without storage and 1.6 °C higher than in the layered model in which storage was not applied.

scholarly journals An Optimization Strategy for Sustainable Development of Renewable Energy System

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 629-636
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Renewable Energy System

The main objective of this paper is to present the detailed information about various renewable energy sources for creating a technique used for sustainable development. Such kind of technique comprises of energy saving, increasing energy production and replacing fossil fuels using different renewable energy sources. It is motivated to include various novel techniques with large-scale renewable energy plants for integrating and measuring the efficiency of the plants. According to India, this paper discussed about the various problems and issues associated with converting available energy systems into complete renewable energy system. From the overall discussion, it is concluded that converting total energy system into renewable energy system is possible. Also, what are all the requirements, current available resources and future methods to improve the energy system are discussed. But converting the transport sector into flexible energy system methods is difficult.

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