scholarly journals About the origin of the acrocentric part of non-acrocentric satellited chromosomes in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdulazeez ◽  
◽  
Stefanie Kankel ◽  
Thomas Liehr ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
Abnormal Karyotype ◽  
Cytogenetic Analyses ◽  
Healthy Carriers

Variants in size of the acrocentric short arms (acro-ps) are normally not reported and considered as chromosomal heteromorphisms (CHMs) without any influence on the carrier’s phenotype. However, if acro-ps are translocated to ends of A-chromosomes (i.e. human chromosomes 1-22 and X or Y), those rearrangements are studied in more detail. The aim of the study: Here we characterized 11 healthy carriers of a non-acrocentric satellited chromosomes der(A)t(A;acro)(pter or qter;p1?1.2) to determine the frequency of chromosome 15p and 22p in such rearrangements. Materials and methods: 11 carriers of one (10 cases) or two (1 case) der(A)t(A;acro) were identified during routine cytogenetic analyses. They were originally referred due to infertility or due to a mentally retarded child with otherwise abnormal karyotype. Here derivative chromosomes were studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization applying probes D15Z1 (specific for 15p11.2) and D22Z4 (specific for 22p11.2). As there are no DNA-sequences available for 13p11.2, 14p11.2 and 21p11.2 these regions could not be tested. Results: D15Z1 sequences were identified in 1 out of 12 derivatives der(A)t(A;acro). D22Z1 could not be detected in any of the 11 remainder derivatives. However, only 3 of the 12 der(A)t(A;acro) had acro-ps large enough to potentially comprise sub-band p11.2. Conclusion: In contrast to der(Y)t(Y;acro)(q12;p1?1.2), where in at least 65% of the cases the acro-p part contains D15Z1 sequences, here it could be shown that in der(A)t(A;acro) 15p involvement can be substantiated much less frequently. Also, in none of the two groups D22Z4-sequences were detected in acro-p-parts yet. Besides, breakpoint of acro-pparts in der(A)t(A;acro) seem to be in ~75% of the cases distal from p11.2.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization on plant extended chromatin DNA fibers for single-copy and repetitive DNA sequences

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Yang ◽  
Hecui Zhang ◽  
Richard Converse ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Xiaoying Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Repetitive Dna Sequences

Identification of the entire chromosome complement of bread wheat by two-colour FISH

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pedersen ◽  
P. Langridge
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Banding Pattern ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Chromosome Identification ◽  
Satellite Sequence ◽  
Entire Chromosome

Using the Aegilops tauschii clone pAs1 together with the barley clone pHvG38 for two-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) the entire chromosome complement of hexaploid wheat was identified. The combination of the two probes allowed easy discrimination of the three genomes of wheat. The banding pattern obtained with the pHvG38 probe containing the GAA-satellite sequence was identical to the N-banding pattern of wheat. A detailed idiogram was constructed, including 73 GAA bands and 48 pAs1 bands. Identification of the wheat chromosomes by FISH will be particularly useful in connection with the physical mapping of other DNA sequences to chromosomes, or for chromosome identification in general, as an alternative to C-banding.Key words: Triticum aestivum, chromosome identification, fluorescence in situ hybridization, repetitive DNA sequences.

Variation in highly repetitive DNA composition of heterochromatin in rye studied by fluorescence in situ hybridization

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuadrado ◽  
N. Jouve ◽  
C. Ceoloni
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Highly Repetitive Dna ◽  
The Individual

The molecular characterization of heterochromatin in six lines of rye has been performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The highly repetitive rye DNA sequences pSc 119.2, pSc74, and pSc34, and the probes pTa71 and pSc794 containing the 25S–5.8S–18S rDNA (NOR) and the 5S rDNA multigene families, respectively, were used. This allowed the individual identification of all seven rye chromosomes and most chromosome arms in all lines. All varieties showed similar but not identical patterns. A standard in situ hybridization map was constructed following the nomenclature system recommended for C-bands. All FISH sites observed appeared to correspond well with C-band locations, but not all C-banding sites coincided with hybridization sites of the repetitive DNA probes used. Quantitative and qualitative differences between different varieties were found for in situ hybridization response at corresponding sites. Variation between plants and even between homologous chromosomes of the same plant was found in open-pollinated lines. In inbred lines, the in situ pattern of the homologues was practically identical and no variation between plants was detected. The observed quantitative and qualitative differences are consistent with a corresponding variation for C-bands detected both within and between cultivars.Key words: fluorescence in situ hybridization, repetitive DNA, rye, Secale cereale, polymorphism.

scholarly journals Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) on Human Chromosomes Using Photoprobe Biotin-labeled Probes

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Weise ◽  
Peter Harbarth ◽  
Uwe Claussen ◽  
Thomas Liehr
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Yeast Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Human Chromosomes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Established Technique ◽  
Whole Chromosome Painting

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on human chromosomes in meta-and interphase is a well-established technique in clinical and tumor cytogenetics and for studies of evolution and interphase architecture. Many different protocols for labeling the DNA probes used for FISH have been published. Here we describe for the first time the successful use of Photoprobe biotin-labeled DNA probes in FISH experiments. Yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) and whole chromosome painting (wcp) probes were tested.

scholarly journals Applications of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in genome research

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-410
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Nhu Phuong ◽  
Huynh Thi Thu Hue ◽  
Cao Xuan Hieu
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Dna Probes ◽  
Dna Repeats ◽  
Genome Research ◽  
Multicolor Fish ◽  
Vector Systems ◽  
Assembly Sequences

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique enables the direct detection of DNA sequences inintact cellular materials (e.g. individual chromosomes in metaphase spreads). This review article focuses on theapplications of FISH in genome research, including validation and correction of the genome assembly from thenext-generation sequencing (NGS) projects. DNA probes for specific DNA fragments of the assembly can beobtained from PCR amplicon or cloned products using different vector systems. Localization of these probeson their respective chromosomal regions can be visualized by FISH, providing useful information to crosscheckthe assembly data. Furthermore, the recent refinements in the FISH technology including using smartpooling scheme of differently colored DNA probes, together with consecutive FISH experiments (stripping andreprobing of the same slide) are described. These advances in multicolor FISH can provide crucial linkageinformation on association of linkage groups and assembly scaffolds, resulting in so-called cytogenetic maps.Integration of the cytogenetic maps and assembly sequences assists to resolve the chromosome-level genomeassembly and to reveal new insights in genome architecture and genome evolution. Especially, comparativechromosome painting with pooled DNA probes from one reference species can be used to investigate ancestralrelationships (chromosome homeology and rearrangements) among other not-yet-sequenced species. Inaddition, FISH using DNA probes for certain specific classes of repetitive DNA elements as well as for basicchromosome structures (e.g. centromere or telomere DNA repeats, ribosomal DNA loci) can be used to studythe genome organization and karyotype differentiation. We also discussed about limitations and futureperspectives of the FISH technology.

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