CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ENDOSULPHAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Chellaian Justin Dhanaraj
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Science Laboratory ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Endosulfan is an easily available insecticide and mainly used for agricultural purposes. Hence most of the villagers use endosulfan for committing suicide. The recent cases reported in toxicological laboratories show that suicide with endosulfan is increasing in these days. Endosulfan causes most degree of death because of its toxic effects. The toxicology division of forensic science laboratory plays vital role in analysis of poisons through Criminal Justice System. In every death case which is connected to the criminal justice system, the human viscera of deceased are sent to forensic sciences department for analysis.In a case report, the toxicology division received human viscera of a deceased from the forensic medicine department where a person was declared death after consuming endosulfan due to severe stomach pain. It was brought to toxicology division of forensic science laboratory where the type of poison was identified and estimated. Two methods such as thin layer chromatography and UV Visible spectrophotometry were adopted to analyse the human viscera. The forensic analysis includes solvent extraction, identification and estimation.

scholarly journals FORENSIC EVIDENCE: SCIENCE AND THE CRIMINAL LAW

2020 ◽  
pp. 053
Author(s):  
Filip Mirić
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Forensic Scientists

The Book Forensic Evidence: Science and the Criminal Law is intended to serve as an introductionand guide to the appreciation and understanding of the significant historical, contemporary, and future relationship between the world of the forensic sciences and the criminal justice system. This book is not intended to be a close study of forensic science, nor was it ever conceived as becoming one. It is devoted to a study of the judicial response to uses of forensic science in all phases of criminal procedure. The audience to which this study is directed are those intimately or potentially involved in that relationship: police, forensic scientists, prosecutors, defense lawyers, and professors and students- future lawyers.

scholarly journals Science in the court: pitfalls, challenges and solutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1674) ◽  
pp. 20150062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éadaoin O'Brien ◽  
Niamh Nic Daeid ◽  
Sue Black
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Core Issues

We are at a critical juncture for the forensic sciences. A number of high-profile reports and a growing body of literature question and critically reflect on core issues pertaining to the methodologies informing forensic science and their effective use within the criminal justice system. We argue for the need for an improved association and outline key areas that require attention from practitioners operating within the fields of both forensic science and law.

8. How do we prevent crime?

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Tim Newburn
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Situational Crime Prevention ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Informal Social Control ◽  
Prevention Techniques

It is often assumed that the criminal justice system is crucial in determining crime levels, but the available evidence does not bear this out. In fact, it is the processes of socialization underpinned and reinforced by informal social control that play a vital role in controlling crime. ‘How do we prevent crime?’ considers the various crime prevention techniques that have contributed substantially to recent apparent reductions in crime. It describes the distinction between social crime prevention, which tends to focus on fairly broad and deep issues, and situational crime prevention, which is narrower in focus, is pre-emptive, and seeks, through a variety of means, to reduce the opportunities for crime.

Lammy Review: will it change outcomes in the criminal justice system?

Race & Class ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Plea Bargaining ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Racial Justice ◽  
Ethnic Representation ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Joint Enterprise ◽  
Minority Ethnic

A forensic analysis from a criminal justice expert on the weaknesses in the findings and recommendations of the Lammy Review into Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic disproportionality in the UK’s criminal justice system. It comments on the remit (which excludes policing), the lack of real action over police gang databases and the joint enterprise ‘charge’, the inadequate understanding of plea bargaining and influence of charging, the need for a deeper understanding of outcomes particularly at the Crown Court, and the weaknesses in merely asking for more Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic representation in the system. The statistical review, the author concludes, produces snapshots of marginal disproportionality at selected stages in the process and hence an episodic analysis of criminal justice, rather than looking at the overall system’s effect in producing differential outcomes for the various ethnic groups. See also Liz Fekete, ‘Lammy Review: Without racial justice, can there be trust?’ ( Race & Class, doi: 10.1177/0306396817742074).

Inappropriate Adults? A Review of the Current Use of Appropriate Adults in the Criminal Justice System

2020 ◽  
pp. 002201832096354
Author(s):  
Nick Dent ◽  
Sean O’Beirne
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Codes Of Practice ◽  
Vulnerable People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Procedural Safeguard ◽  
Missed Opportunity

Appropriate Adults (AAs) are an important procedural safeguard for young and vulnerable people in a criminal investigation. The significance of their role is recognised by Parliament in the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE) and the appending Codes of Practice, most notably Code C. However, the ability of AAs as to perform their role is being impeded by a lack of clarity around their status and the rules that they are governed by. Often at the behest of lawyers, AAs are excluded from the conversations which lawyers have with their clients as a pragmatic solution to the uncertainty in the status of AAs. This means that AAs are rarely able to properly perform their vital role. Consequently, vulnerable people are not receiving the meaningful support they should receive. This represents a missed opportunity to protect the rights and interests of vulnerable people in the criminal justice system. When AAs are deployed effectively and appropriately, they can empower young or vulnerable suspects in an adversarial criminal justice system which, in turn, can help recalibrate the scales of justice to allow for a fairer outcome. This article will examine and critique the state of the current law, clarify the law on Legal Professional Privilege (LPP) and how that relates to Aas and propose a modest incremental extension to the principles of confidentiality to cover confidential discussions between AAs and young or vulnerable people in the criminal justice system.

Medical evidence and proof of cause of death in Nigerian courts

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-134
Author(s):  
John Oladapo Obafunwa ◽  
Oluwatomi Ajayi ◽  
Mathias I Okoye
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
Medical Evidence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Evidence And Proof

Medical evidence has continued to be given and evaluated in Nigerian courts since Nigeria’s independence from Britain. The attitudes of the courts have been largely varied against a background of the individual judge’s appreciation of forensic science and who should be considered an expert witness. The prosecution and defence lawyers equally display limited knowledge of forensic science. This paper reviews some of the decided cases, the reasons for the verdicts, forensic concerns and recommendations for the improvement of the criminal justice system. There is need to improve the knowledge base of the bar and the bench.

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