scholarly journals Violações aos direitos humanos dos trabalhadores e os sistemas regionais de proteção

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-112
Author(s):  
Flávia Cristina Piovesan ◽  
Regeane Bransin Quetes ◽  
Miriam Olivia Knopik Ferraz
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Protection Systems

Resumo: Neste artigo teve-se como objetivo a análise da violação dos direitos humanos dos trabalhadores e o papel dos sistemas regionais de proteção. A metodologia foi o exame da jurisprudência do sistema Interamericano, o sistema Europeu e o sistema Africano dentro de uma perspectiva que buscou a análise a partir da universalidade e indivisibilidade dos direitos humanos, bem como de multifuncionalidade e dupla titularidade dos direitos humanos fundamentais. Por meio da análise dos casos que são direcionados à proteção e direitos trabalhistas, observou-se que os sistemas, ainda, não são harmônicos quanto à jurisprudência trabalhista. Os sistemas Interamericano e Europeu fundamentam suas decisões pelos direitos individuais, usando uma interpretação extensiva, permitindo o entendimento da multifuncionalidade, da dupla titularidade e da interdependência dos direitos. No sistema Africano, direitos civis e sociais foram contemplados num mesmo patamar, mas ainda é preciso aguardar uma postura menos formalista do sistema para que conclusões possam ser tomadas. Espera-se que tais sistemas tenham a capacidade de avançar na proteção mais plena e efetiva dos direitos trabalhistas – condição essencial à própria prevalência da dignidade humana.Palavras-chave: Sistema de proteção de direitos humanos. Direitos humanos dos trabalhadores. Direitos sociais. Proteção internacional. Direitos fundamentais. Abstract: The objective of this article was to analyze the violation of workers' human rights and the role of regional protection systems. The methodology was the examination of the jurisprudence of the Inter-American system, the European system and the African system, from a perspective that sought the analysis from the universality and indivisibility of human rights, as well as multifunctionality and dual ownership of fundamental human rights. Through the analysis of the cases that are directed to the protection and labor rights, it was observed that the systems are still not harmonious regarding labor jurisprudence. The Inter-American and European systems base their decisions on individual rights, using an extensive interpretation, allowing the understanding of multifunctionality, dual ownership and the interdependence of rights. In the African system, civil and social rights were on the same footing, but we still have to wait for a less formalist stance of the system in order to reach conclusions. Such systems are expected to have the potential to advance the fullest and most effective protection of labor rights - an essential condition for the very prevalence of human dignity.Keywords: Human rights protection system. Human rights of workers. Social rights. International protection. Fundamental rights.

scholarly journals PRAWA SOCJALNE ich miejsce w systemie prawa oraz znaczenie w społeczeństwie

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-102
Author(s):  
Anna Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
2Nd Generation ◽  
Historical View ◽  
Institutional Structures

The paper is an approach to present the category of social rights in the background of entire legal system of the human rights protection. It is particularly dealing with the issue of nature of the 2nd generation of human rights and its significance for society. It starts with a brief presentation of the philosophical (human dignity) and normative roots as well as a short historical view of the human rights’ codification; the established legal terminology (human rights, fundamental rights, individual rights and liberties) and various levels of the legal protection (international – of global or regional nature, supranational and national one). Thereafter it focuses directly on the issue of social rights. Unlike the 1st generation of human rights, they are rather connected with public activity, policy and services (facere) than with autonomy and liberty (non facere). This, in turn, demands appropriate institutional structures and procedures. Social rights are hardly provided – in a binding and effective way – by global or regional international law. Thus, the burden of their protection, guaranty and execution is satisfied by the particular state and depends on its economic and social circumstances. On the other hand – they significance is based on fact that they serve the protection of social security which is the fundamental issue for both – dignity and sense of community.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF INTERNATIONAL PROCEDURES OF HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Ramona-Gabriela Paraschiv
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
International Protection ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Political Association ◽  
Fundamental Rights And Freedoms

The idea of developing mechanisms to protect human rights emerged with the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of French National Assembly, on August 26, 1789, which states that “the purpose of all political association is the preservation of the natural and imprescriptible rights of man”. State Concerns for the international protection of human rights have increased but from the second half of the twentieth century, after the establishment of the United Nations Organization, who proposed that one of the aims to be achievement of international cooperation in promoting and encouraging respect for fundamental rights and freedoms of man, thus spurring the creation of protective mechanisms at global and regional levels, able to control the actual translation of regulations enshrining rights.

scholarly journals A atuação da defensoria pública no acesso ao sistema interamericano de direitos humanos: uma perspectiva garantista multinível de direitos constitucionais e convencionais

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-148
Author(s):  
Ana Maria D'Ávila Lopes ◽  
Leandro Sousa Bessa
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Public Defense ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
International Systems

Resumo: A perspectiva garantista, caracterizada pela proteção e implementação dos direitos fundamentais, vem se impondo como paradigma de atuação do Estado Democrático de Direito. Nos últimos anos, entretanto, essa perspectiva não mais tem se limitado aos sistemas jurídicos nacionais, mas vem também permeando os sistemas internacionais de proteção dos direitos humanos e o diálogo mantido entre estes e aqueles. Nesse contexto, com o presente artigo pretendeu-se investigar a atuação da Defensoria Pública, nesse processo dialógico de proteção interna e internacional dos direitos humanos, sob uma perspectiva garantista multinível de direitos constitucionais e convencionais. Para tal, valeu-se do método dedutivo para a análise dos dados levantados por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, legislativa e jurisprudencial, partindo-se de análises gerais sobre o garantismo e dos sistemas nacionais e interamericanos de proteção dos direitos humanos, para, então, chegar-se à específica construção de um paradigma de atuação da Defensoria Pública brasileira perante o Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos.Palavras-chave: Garantismo. Defensoria pública. Sistema Interamericano. Direitos humanos. Abstract: The guaranteeist perspective, characterized by the protection and implementation of fundamental rights, has been imposing itself as paradigm of action of the Rule of Law. In recent years, however, such perspective has no longer been limited to national legal systems, but has also permeated the international systems of human rights protection and the dialogue between the two systems. In this context, this article aims to investigate the Public Defense acting in this dialogical process of internal and international protection of human rights from a multilevel guarantee perspective of constitutional and conventional rights. To this end, it was used the deductive method for the analysis of data collected through a literature, legislative and jurisprudential research, based on general analyzes on the guarantee and on the national and Inter-American human rights protection systems, to, thus, achieve the specific construction of a paradigm the action of the Brazilian Public Defender before the Inter-American Human Rights System.Keywords: Guaranteeism. Public defense. Inter-American system. Human rights.

Quasi-constitutional court of human rights for Europe? Comments on Geir Ulfstein

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
WOJCIECH SADURSKI
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Reason ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Short Comment

AbstractThis short comment offers two additional arguments, missing from Geir Ulfstein’s account, which may bolster the case for constitutionalisation of the ECtHR. The first is about the ‘pilot judgments’ through which the Court addresses systemic deficits in national legal systems and thus ensures a minimal synchronisation of human rights protection throughout the CoE system. The second manifestation of constitutionalisation of the ECHR system is the increasing role of the ECtHR in the implementation of its own judgments. Ultimately, the legitimacy for the constitutional ambitions of Strasbourg Court should be located primarily in the argumentative resources of the court and in its pursuit of ‘public reason’.

Regional Human Rights

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
International Human ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
Specific Country

Regional human rights mechanism are now in place covering nearly all five continents with the notable exception of Australia. Regional and international human rights protection are not meant to thwart each other. On the contrary, the regional protection of human rights is intended to back up and strengthen the international one by translating human rights into local languages and supporting them with additional protective mechanisms like commissions and courts that enforce regional human rights documents. In this volume, five experts from various continents will introduce regional human rights protection systems in Europe, Africa, Asia, Latin America and Australia providing an overview of the regional protections vis-à-vis the international one and then contextualising it in specific country context.

scholarly journals Intertwined but Different. The Heterologous In Vitro Fertilization Case before the European Court of Human Rights and the Italian Constitutional Court

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-67
Author(s):  
Antonia Baraggia ◽  
Maria Elena Gennusa
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract International and constitutional law, originally distinct realms with limited areas of intersection, are getting closer and closer, particularly in the European landscape within the human rights protection field, where these mere contacts between the two systems have become intersections and overlaps. The present article will try to shed light on the still unsolved and problematic issues to which overlapping human rights protection systems give rise, by focusing on an analysis of the heterologous in vitro fertilization case, where both the Strasbourg Court and the Italian Constitutional Court delivered relevant judgments on very similar matters (ECtHR’s S.H. Judgment; Judgment No. 162/2014 from the Italian CC). Such analysis revealed useful in highlighting connections and disconnections between the different levels of protection of rights, and led us to argue that the development of a multilevel protection of rights is also, at least partially, a tale of Courts, each competing to have the last word on human rights adjudication.

25. International Human Rights Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Rodley
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights

This chapter considers the background to, and current developments concerning the manner in which international law has engaged with the protection of human rights, including both civil and political rights and economic, social, and cultural rights. It looks at historical, philosophical, and political factors which have shaped our understanding of human rights and the current systems of international protection. It focuses on the systems of protection developed by and through the United Nations through the ‘International Bill of Rights’, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN human rights treaties and treaty bodies, and the UN Special Procedures as well as the work of the Human Rights Council. It also looks at the systems of regional human rights protection which have been established.

Out of Sight, Out of Mind: Post-return Monitoring – A Missing Link in the International Protection of Refugees?

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-386
Author(s):  
Jari Pirjola
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Protection ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Return Policies ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Irregular Migrants ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Abstract Post-return monitoring of rejected asylum-seekers is the missing link in the protection chain for rejected asylum-seekers. In the European Union, for example, the rights of rejected asylum-seekers are well guaranteed and monitored in the pre-return and return phases. Systematic monitoring of forced returns stops when the deportee arrives at the airport of his or her country of origin. The sending countries do not know what happens to rejected asylum-seekers and irregular migrants upon return. International human rights organisations have started to pay attention to this gap in the international protection system. Ignorance by States in this regard deprives them of important insights from the viewpoint of human rights protection and return policies. This article explores what comprises post-return monitoring, what kinds of post-return monitoring projects have been carried out so far and how post-return monitoring could be implemented in the future. The article also discusses the role of post-return monitoring in the refugee determination procedure. It is argued that post-return monitoring could both strengthen the protection of refugees and asylum-seekers and assist States in creating effective, transparent, and morally responsible return policies.

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