scholarly journals Polymorphism of CLE gene sequences in potato

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 746-753
Author(s):  
M. S. Gancheva ◽  
M. R. Losev ◽  
A. A. Gurina ◽  
L. O. Poliushkevich ◽  
I. E. Dodueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Interest ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Cultivated Species

CLE (CLV3/ESR) is one of the most important groups of peptide phytohormones: its members regulate the development of various plant organs and tissues, as well as interaction with some parasites and symbionts and response to environmental factors. In this regard, the identification and study of the CLE genes encoding the peptides of this group in cultivated plants are of great practical interest. Relatively little is known about the functions of CLE peptides in potato, since the CLE genes of the potato Solanum phureja Juz. et Buk. were characterized only in 2021. At the same time, potato includes plenty of tuberous species of the genus Solanum L., both wild and cultivated, and the diversity of its forms may depend on differences in the sequences of CLE genes. In this work, we performed a search for and analysis of the CLE gene sequences in three wild potato species (S. bukasovii Juz., S. verrucosum Schltdl., S. commersonii Dunal) and four cultivated species (S. chaucha Juz. et Buk., S. curtilobum Juz. et Buk., S. juzepczukii Juz. et Buk., S. ajanhuiri Juz. et Buk.). In total, we identified 332 CLE genes in the analyzed potato species: from 40 to 43 genes of this family for each potato species. All potato species taken for analysis had homologues of previously identified S. phureja CLE genes; at the same time, the CLE42 gene, which is absent from the S. phureja genome, is present in all other analyzed potato species. Polymorphism of CLE proteins of S. commersonii is significantly higher than that of other analyzed potato species, due to the fact that S. commersonii grows in places outside the growing areas of other potato species and this potato is probably not one of the ancestors of cultivated potato. We also found examples of polymorphism of domains of CLE proteins that carried different functions. Further study of potato CLE proteins will reveal their role in development, including regulation of productivity in this important agricultural crop.

scholarly journals 906 PB 529 FREEZING TOLERANCE AND ACCLIMATION CAPACITY INCREASED IN CULTIVATED POTATO CROSSED TO WILD POTATO SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 563g-564
Author(s):  
Laurie S. Weiss ◽  
John B. Bamberg ◽  
Jiwan P. Palta
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Hybrid Vigor ◽  
Solanum Commersonii ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
High Degree

Solanum acaule (acl) and Solanum commersonii (cmm) represent the extremes of frost tolerance and cold acclimation ability among potato species. We have combined these species with cultivated S. tuberosum (tbr) to develop a potato with desired tuber traits and a high degree of frost tolerance. For this purpose diploid cmm was made 4x and crossed with naturally 4x acl. The F1 and F2 appear to exhibit hybrid vigor for vine growth for flowering, but none had frost tolerance greater than the parents. The F1 and F2 were crossed with S. tuberosum ssp. andigena and Katahdin via 2n eggs resulting in 6x 3-way hybrids. These hybrids were evaluated both in the field and laboratory for frost tolerance and acclimation ability. Results showed an increase of 1°C of frost tolerance and 2°C increase in cold acclimation capacity in the hybrids as compared to the sensitive tbr parents. Some of the 6x (3-way) hybrids produced significant tubers but yield and earliness needs much improvement. These results demonstrate that it should be possible to move both non acclimated freezing tolerance and cold acclimation ability from wild to cultivated species and offer exciting opportunities to enhance potato production in frost prone areas in the world. Supported by USDA/NRI grant 91-3700-6636 to J.P.P. and J.B.B..

Genetic diversity among potato species as revealed by phenotypic resistances and SSR markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Carputo ◽  
D. Alioto ◽  
R. Aversano ◽  
R. Garramone ◽  
V. Miraglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Efficient Breeding ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

The evolutionary diversity of wild potato species makes them excellent materials for improving the narrow genetic basis of the cultivated potato Solanum tuberosum. Understanding their genetic diversity is important not only to choose the best parents for breeding, but also to design proper crossing schemes and selection strategies. The objectives of this study were to determine the resistance response to Ralstonia solanacearum, Potato virus Y and low temperatures of 21 clones of 12 potato species, and to determine their genetic diversity through simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Sources of resistance have been found for all the investigated traits, with high resistance variability not only between but also within species. Combined resistances were also identified, with positive implications for efficient breeding. SSR analysis allowed the detection of 12 loci and 46 alleles across all genotypes, with an average value of 3.8 alleles per locus. Both unique and rare alleles useful for marker-assisted selection were found. SSR-based cluster analysis revealed that resistant genotypes were distributed among all clusters, suggesting that genetically different resistant genotypes were identified. The information obtained in this study is discussed from a breeding perspective.

A MODEL HIERARCHY FOR IONOSPHERIC PLASMA MODELING

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHE BESSE ◽  
PIERRE DEGOND ◽  
FABRICE DELUZET ◽  
JEAN CLAUDEL ◽  
GÉRARD GALLICE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Plasma Density ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Ionospheric Plasma ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Plasma Modeling ◽  
Model Hierarchy ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Two Fluid ◽  
Insight Into

This paper deals with the modeling of the ionospheric plasma. Starting from the two-fluid Euler–Maxwell equations, we present two hierarchies of models. The MHD hierarchy deals with large plasma density situations while the dynamo hierarchy is adapted to lower density situations. Most of the models encompassed by the dynamo hierarchy are classical ones, but we shall give a unified presentation of them which brings a new insight into their interrelations. By contrast, the MHD hierarchy involves a new (at least to the authors) model, the massless-MHD model. This is a diffusion system for the density and magnetic field which could be of great practical interest. Both hierarchies terminate with the "classical" Striation model, which we shall investigate in detail.

scholarly journals Sticky Thermals: Evidence for a Dominant Balance between Buoyancy and Drag in Cloud Updrafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2890-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Romps ◽  
Alexander B. Charn
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Convective Clouds ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Natural Boundaries ◽  
Drag Law

Abstract The vertical velocities of convective clouds are of great practical interest because of their influence on many phenomena, including severe weather and stratospheric moistening. However, the magnitudes of forces giving rise to these vertical velocities are poorly understood, and the dominant balance is in dispute. Here, an algorithm is used to extract thousands of cloud thermals from a large-eddy simulation of deep and tropical maritime convection. Using a streamfunction to define natural boundaries for these thermals, the dominant balance in the vertical momentum equation is revealed. Cloud thermals rise with a nearly constant speed determined by their buoyancy and the standard drag law with a drag coefficient of 0.6. Contrary to suggestions that cloud thermals might be slippery, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and acceleration, cloud thermals are found here to be sticky, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and drag.

scholarly journals A Test of Taxonomic and Biogeographic Predictivity: Resistance to Potato virus Y in Wild Relatives of the Cultivated Potato

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (9) ◽  
pp. 1074-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. K. Cai ◽  
D. M. Spooner ◽  
S. H. Jansky
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Endosperm Balance Number ◽  
Wild Potato ◽  
Wild Potato Species ◽  
Potato Species ◽  
Cross Compatibility ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Level Of Selection ◽  
High Elevations

A major justification for taxonomic research is its assumed ability to predict the presence of traits in a group for which the trait has been observed in a representative subset of the group. Similarly, populations in similar environments are expected to be more alike than populations in divergent environments. Consequently, it is logical to assume that taxonomic relationships and biogeographical data have the power to predict the distribution of disease resistance phenotypes among plant species. The objective of this study was to test predictivity in a group of widely distributed wild potato species, based on hypotheses that closely related organisms (taxonomy) or organisms from similar environments (biogeography) share resistance to a simply inherited trait (Potato virus Y [PVY]). We found that wild potato species with an endosperm balance number (EBN) of 1 (a measure of cross compatibility) shared resistances to PVY more than species with different EBN values. However, a large amount of variation was found for resistance to PVY among and within species. We also found that populations from low elevations were more resistant than those from high elevations. Because PVY is vectored by aphids, we speculate that the distribution of aphids may determine the level of selection pressure for PVY resistance.

About injuries with a chemical (ink) pencil

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-843
Author(s):  
S. I. Rizvash
Keyword(s):  
Human Tissue ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds ◽  
Type Of Injury

In Russian literature, very little attention has been paid to this type of injury. I managed to find only 2 articles in which this issue is treated. In the manuals on general and private surgery, both translated and original, there is no indication of the action of aniline pencils on human tissue. Nothing is said about this even in the largest Russian monographs on the treatment of wounds (Trinkler, Petrov). Meanwhile, the injuries caused by a chemical pencil, due to their peculiar course and often even a difficult outcome, are undoubtedly of great practical interest. This prompts me to report two cases of such an injury, which I observed in different medical institutions at almost the same time.

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