scholarly journals Energy and Economic Budgeting of Pigeonpea Genotypes (Cajanus cajan L.) at Various Sowing Dates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasharath Prasad ◽  
Vijay Prakash ◽  
S.K. Bairwa ◽  
P.S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Background: Early duration pigeonpea genotypes a boon as the crop needs a very little amount of inputs, survives well even under available water conditions because of its Bio-tillage in nature. There are many causes of low productivity of pigeonpea, using long duration genotypes, using convention varieties, non monitored input like sowing date and management practice and short duration genotypes play a very important role in productivity as well as production in Rajasthan. Methods: A two-year field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Sriganganagar Rajasthan, during the Kharif season of the year 2018 and 2019. The experiment is laidout with a split plot design with thrice replication, in the main plot four dates of sowing allotted viz: D1: 25th May, D2: 10th June, D3: 25th June and D4: 10th July and in subplot five genotypes allotted viz: V1: UPAS-120, V2: ASJ-105, V3: Pant- 291, V4: PUSA- 992, V5: ICPL- 88039. Result: Field experiments resulted, the Sowing date D2: 10th June (1451 kg ha-1), is best suitable as compared to others in terms of yields, its attributes and B:C ratio both the years. In the short duration varieties V4: PUSA-992 (1586 kg ha-1) superior to others. In respect of different sowings dates the energy budgeting viz: energy use efficiency varies from D1: 25th May (9.80) and (5.99) to D4: 10th July (8.14) and (4.95), energy productivity (kg MJ-1) varies from D1: 25th May (0.164) and (0.104) to D4: 10th July (0.126) and (0.078) in both the years. In respective of genotypes the higher energy use efficiency found in V4: PUSA-992 (10.34), (6.56), energy productivity in V4: PUSA-992 (0.171 kg MJ-1), (0.111 kg MJ-1) which was superior with others in all aspect in both the years respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Greenhouse Cucumber Production Sustainability in Terms of Energy Use Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Nawal Khamis Al-Mezeini ◽  
Abdulrahim M. Al-Ismaili ◽  
Said M. Tabook
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Greenhouse Cucumber ◽  
Use Efficiency

Sustainable agricultural production could be assessed through energy-use efficiency (EUE). Thus, this paper aims to evaluate the EUE for cucumber greenhouse production in Oman. Data were obtained by interviewing farmers (face-to-face). Result indicated that total energy inputs (e.g. electricity, water, fertilizers and agrochemicals) and total energy output (cucumber yield) were 1159726.0 MJ ha-1 and 89942.9 MJ ha-1, respectively. The highest energy consuming input in the greenhouse production was electricity, consuming 88% of total energy input. This indicates that electricity had again the highest impact in cucumber greenhouse production and 99% of electricity goes for cooling the greenhouse. When all energy inputs were classified into its forms; direct (D) and indirect (ID), and renewable (R) and non-renewable (NR), the highest portion of total energy forms in greenhouse cucumber production was for D and NR energy. The EUE and energy productivity (EP) were found to be 0.07 and 0.10 kg MJ-1, respectively. Energy use in greenhouse cucumber production was inefficient and solar energy need to be implemented to improve cucumber greenhouse sustainability production.

scholarly journals Energy Balance and Energy Use Efficiency of Annual Bioenergy Crops in Field Experiments in Southern Germany

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Robert Oliver Simon ◽  
Kurt-Jürgen Hülsbergen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Energy Crops ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Use Efficiency

The main objective of the cultivation of energy crops is the production of renewable energy, the substitution of fossil energy resources, and a substantial contribution to energy supply. Thus, energy yield and energy efficiency are the most important criteria for the assessment of energy crops and biomass-based renewable energy chains. Maize is the energy crop with the highest cultivation acreage in Germany because of its high energy yields, but is the subject of controversial debate because of possible detrimental effects on agro-ecosystems. This raises the question as to which energy crops and production systems could be used instead of maize, in order to increase crop diversity and lower environmental impacts. We examined yields, energy inputs, energy outputs, and energy efficiency of alternative energy crops (combinations of catch crops and main crops) compared to maize in four-year field experiments at three southern German sites by means of process analyses. Maize showed moderate energy inputs (11.3–13.2 GJ ha−1), with catch crops ranging from 6.2 to 10.7 GJ ha−1 and main crops ranging from 7.6 to 24.8 GJ ha−1. At all three sites, maize had the highest net energy output compared to the other crops (x¯ = 354–493 GJ ha−1), but was surpassed by combinations of catch and main crops at some sites (winter rye/maize: x¯ = 389–538 GJ ha−1). Although some combinations yielded higher net energy outputs than maize, no other crop or combination of crops outperformed maize regarding energy use efficiency (energy output/energy input: x¯ = 32–45).

scholarly journals Investigation of Input and Output Energy for Wheat Production: A Comprehensive Study for Tehsil Mailsi (Pakistan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6884
Author(s):  
Muhammad N. Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad H. Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
Narges Banaeian ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Output Energy ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Energy Indices ◽  
Use Efficiency

The global increasing food demand can be met by efficient energy utilization in mechanized agricultural productions. In this study, input–output energy flow along with CO2 emissions for different wheat production cases (C-I to C-V) were investigated to identify the one that is most energy-efficient and environment-friendly case. Data and information about input and output sources were collected from farmers through questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. Input and output sources were converted into energy units by energy equivalents while CO2 emissions were calculated by emission equivalents. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was conducted to compare technical efficiencies of the developed cases for optimization of inputs in inefficient cases. Results revealed that case C-Ⅴ (higher inputs, larger fields, the tendency of higher fertilizer application and tillage operations) has the highest energy inputs and outputs than the rest of the cases. Moreover, it possesses the lowest energy use efficiency and energy productivity. The highest CO2 emissions (1548 kg-CO2/ha) referred to C-Ⅴ while lowest emissions per ton of grain yield were determined in C-Ⅳ (higher electricity water pumping, moderate energy input). The grain yield increases directly with input energy in most of the cases, but it does not guarantee the highest values for energy indices. C-Ⅲ (moderate irrigations, educated farmers, various fertilizer applications) was found as an optimum case because of higher energy indices like energy use efficiency of 4.4 and energy productivity of 153.94 kg/GJ. Optimum input and better management practices may enhance energy proficiency and limit the traditionally uncontrolled CO2 emissions from wheat production. Therefore, the agricultural practices performed in C-Ⅲ are recommended for efficient cultivation of wheat in the studied area.

scholarly journals Response of Maize to Different Intercropping Systems and Different Sowing Dates of Cowpea

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Moshira A. El-Shamy ◽  
Mona A.M. El-Mansoury ◽  
Maha A. El Bialy ◽  
Mohamed H. Helmy ◽  
A.F. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
System 1

The recent challenge in agriculture is producing more yields by consuming less water, especially in areas with limited resources of land and water. The study was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research station., kafr el- sheikh governorate, Egypt, during the 2018 and 2019 summer seasons to evaluate productivity and economic profitability of cowpea intercrop with maize under different sowing dates of cowpea as well as evaluate the efficiency of the system using the land equivalent ratio (LER), water equivalent ratio (WER), some water relations also Gross return. The split-plot design with three replications was used. The main plots were assigned to the cowpea sowing date (D1-1st May, D2 - 20th May, and D3- 9th June), the sub-plot was contained to the intercropping pattern (P1-(1:1), P2- (1:2) and P3-(2:4)). The highest values of irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) and crop water use efficiency (CWUE) were given with the first sowing date under the intercropping system (1:2). The cowpea sowing dates had no significant differences in yield and some components of maize and on its interaction with intercropping patterns. The highest LER was found with the third sowing date for cowpea under intercropping system (1:2) treatment in two seasons, respectively. In economic viewpoint high additional increase in profits over each cost for all intercropping patterns especially the third sowing date for cowpea under the intercropping system (1:2).

Effect of intercrops on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
R Chitra, P Hemalatha
Keyword(s):  
Short Duration ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Agricultural Research Station

The initial growth of turmeric is rather slow and takes about 4-5 months to cover the inter space. Therefore, the available space between the rows of turmeric could be effectively utilized by growing short duration crops like, vegetables, cereals etc. Hence, it is worthwhile to explore the possibilities of growing compatible crops with turmeric. With this background the experiment on effect of intercrops on growth and yield of turmeric was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar. Among the different intercrops, turmeric with cowpea recorded the maximum fresh rhizome yield per hectare (30.78 t ha-1) while turmeric + bhendi registered the maximum B:C ratio (2.68:1). Monocropping of turmeric recorded the lowest B:C ratio (1.67:1) among all the treatments.  

ROLE OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE IN IMPROVING PRODUCTION WATER AND NITROGEN EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1139-1148
Author(s):  
Othman & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

The research work was conducted in Izra’a Research station, which affiliated to the General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), during the growing seasons (2016 – 2017; 2017 – 2018), in order to evaluate the response of two durum wheat verities (Douma3 and Cham5) and two bread wheat varieties (Douma4 and Cham6) to Conservation Agriculture (CA) as a full package compared with Conventional Tillage system (CT) under rainfed condition using lentils (Variety Edleb3) in the applied crop rotation. The experiment was laid according to split-split RCBD with three replications. The average of biological yield, grain yield,  rainwater use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency was significantly higher during the first growing season, under conservation agriculture in the presence of crop rotation, in the variety Douma3 (7466 kg. ha-1, and 4162kg. ha-1, 19.006 kg ha-1 mm-1,  39.62 kg N m-2respectively). The two varieties Douma3 and Cham6 are considered more responsive to conservation agriculture system in the southern region of Syria, because they recorded the highest grain yields (2561, 2385 kg ha-1 respectively) compared with the other studied varieties (Cham5 and Douma4) (1951 and 1724 kg ha-1 respectively). They also exhibited the highest values of both rainwater and nitrogen use efficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of irrigation frequency and fungicide spray on yield and disease infection of onion

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
SK Biswas ◽  
MA Razzaque Akanda ◽  
M Rafi Uddin ◽  
PK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Bulb Yield

A two-year field experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during the rabi seasons of 2002-2003 and 2003-2004 to find out the level of disease incidence under different levels of irrigation and fungicide spray on the bulb yield of onion. Four irrigation levels: no irrigation (I1), irrigation at 10 days interval (I2), 20 days interval (I3), and 30 days interval (14) with 4 spray schedules: no spray (F1), one spray at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) (F2), two sprays each at 40 and 55 DAT (F3) and three sprays each at 40, 55, and 70 DAT (F4) were used. Yield and yield attributes varied significantly (p = 0.05) between sprayed and unsprayed, and irrigated and non-irrigated treatments, respectively. Higher yields were obtained with the higher frequencies of irrigation and spray. Application of fungicide reduced the disease severity significantly, while irrigation had no significant effect on disease infection. But there was a decreasing trend of the disease severity with increasing irrigation frequency. The highest bulb yield of onion (12.45 t/ha) was obtained with a total water use of 245 mm in six applications including an effective rainfall of 16 mm and three sprays. The disease severity between sprayed and unsprayed plots ranged from 1.33 to 3.16 for I1, 1.08 to 2.33 for I2 1.16 to 2.83 for I3, and 1.16 to 3.00 for I4, respectively. Key Words: Onion, disease incidence, irrigation, water use efficiency. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3967 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 417-424, September 2009

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document