scholarly journals Comparative Gene Approach to the Investigation of SNPs within the Tenascin-C Gene in Achilles Tendon Injury in the Canine Patient

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina R Kieves ◽  
Alycen P Lundberg ◽  
Vicki L Wilke
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Tenascin C ◽  
Starting Point

<p class="AbstractSummary"><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the tenascin-C (TNC) gene in a population of dogs with atraumatic Achilles tendon rupture.</p><p class="AbstractSummary"><strong>Background:</strong> In humans, Achilles tendinopathy has been extensively studied for numerous polymorphisms within several genes and has been associated with polymorphisms in collagen (COL5A1) and the TNC genes.</p><p><strong>Evidentiary value:</strong> This study serves as a starting point for evaluating a genetic component of Achilles tendinopathy in the dog.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Whole blood from twenty dogs with atraumatic Achilles tendon rupture and 14 matched control samples were used. DNA was extracted from whole blood run with primers designed around two SNPs previously identified to be related to Achilles tendinopathy in humans. One SNP was located in exon 29, and one exon 17 of the canine TNC gene. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was run on the samples and they were sequenced. Sequences of the affected canine population were compared to the control sample sequences.</p><p class="AbstractSummary"><strong>Results:</strong> There were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequency of the SNPs rs13321 and rs2104772 between any of the affected and control subjects with a <em>p</em>-value of 1.0.</p><p class="AbstractSummary"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study evaluated a population of canines with atraumatic Achilles tendon rupture for SNPs in the TNC gene. We found no difference in gene sequence for the study population compared to age, sex, and breed matched controls.</p><p><strong>Application:</strong> Though the data from this study did not show a correlation between the specific polymorphisms investigated, it is possible that other SNPs within the TNC gene or other genes involved in tendon composition and repair such as collagen may be associated with atraumatic Achilles tendon injury in the dog. </p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Achilles Tendon Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0017
Author(s):  
Jon-Michael Caldwell ◽  
Harry Lightsey ◽  
Hasani Swindell ◽  
Justin Greisberg ◽  
J. Turner Vosseller
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tendon Ruptures

Category: Sports Introduction/Purpose: Achilles tendon ruptures are increasingly common injuries. There are several known risk factors for Achilles tendon rupture, although little is reported on the seasonal variation of the incidence of these injuries. Of the few studies in the literature touching on this question, the results have been varied. We sought to determine if there is any seasonal pattern of Achilles tendon ruptures. Knowledge of such a seasonal pattern could be advantageous for patient education, risk assessment, and ultimately prevention of these injuries. Methods: We queried billing records for CPT codes 27650, 27652, and 27654 as well as ICD diagnosis codes 727.67, 845.09, and S86.01x pertaining to Achilles tendon injury, repair, and reconstruction. Charts were screened and included if the patient suffered an acute Achilles tendon rupture on a known date. Charts were excluded if the patient had a chronic Achilles tear or underwent reconstruction or debridement for tendonitis, Haglunds deformity, tendon laceration, or any other indication aside from acute rupture. Data was analyzed using a chi-squared test for categorical variables, binomial tests for dichotomous variables and Mann-Whitney-U or Welch t-test for continuous variables. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Our search yielded 499 cases with 245 meeting inclusion criteria. Sixty-six percent (66%) of injuries were identified as sports-related while 34% were non-sports related. When stratified by month, significant peaks occurred in April and July (p = .036, .011 respectively) with significantly fewer injuries occurring in October through December (p = 0.049). The highest rate of injury was seen in Spring (p = .015) and the lowest was seen in Fall (p < .001). There was no significant difference between seasons when only the non-sports related injuries were considered. Basketball was the most common sport involved (n=78) accounting for 51% of injuries (p < .001), followed by soccer and tennis. There was no significant variation between seasons in any particular sport. Conclusion: There was significant seasonal variation in the incidence of Achilles tendon ruptures. Both sports and non-sports-related injuries followed a similar pattern, with most injuries occurring during the Spring and Summer and fewer during Fall and Winter. This increase corresponds to the increase in activity in the recreational athlete population in the region which is often preceded by a time of relative inactivity. Our study confirms that the deconditioned athlete is at particularly elevated risk for Achilles tendon rupture during the Spring season when abrupt increases in sporting activity are common. Targeted education and prevention efforts could help mitigate this risk.

Fluoroquinolone Therapy and Achilles Tendon Rupture

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Vanek ◽  
Amol Saxena ◽  
John M. Boggs
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
The Relationship

Fluoroquinolones have been associated with tendinopathies. The authors present three cases of Achilles tendinopathy in which the patients’ symptoms were preceded by treatment for unrelated bacterial infections with ciprofloxacin. Although the exact mechanism of the relationship is not understood, those who engage in sports or exercise should be advised of the risk of quinolone-induced tendinopathy. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 93(4): 333-335, 2003)

scholarly journals Prognostic model of clinical scores in evaluation of treatment outcome in patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture - surgery vs. immobilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
Mihailo Ille ◽  
Ivan Milosevic ◽  
Marko Ilic ◽  
Sladjana Matic ◽  
Dejan Tabakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Aofas Score ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The Difference

Introduction/Objective. When choosing the appropriate treatment for Achilles tendon rupture, there may be a dilemma when choosing the optimal treatment. The objective of this study was analyzing groups of patients with acute closed Achilles tendon injury, comparing early recovery and functional parameters in relation to treatment and first choice treatment suggestion. Methods. The prospective study included 80 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture. The treatment was surgery or immobilization. Results. There is a difference in the mechanism of injury between surgically and non-surgically treated (p = 0.026). In total, 50 (62.5%) patients were operated and 30 (37.5%) patients were treated with circular plaster. The difference (p = 0.000) between the groups in the duration of treatment, The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and Visual Analogue Scale of pain (VAS) was shown. Patients undergoing surgery in the first two days had better clinical results in terms of The Achilles tendon Total Rupture score (ATRS), AOFAS and VAS. Higher satisfaction was achieved in younger people (p = 0.036). Patients whose treatment lasted shorter were more satisfied with their status (p = 0.001). ATRS and AOFAS score are higher in patients who are more satisfied with their own status (ATRS p = 0.301; AOFAS score p = 0.001). Six months after the treatment, 78.75% (63/80) of patients were fully functional. Conclusion. The therapy of choice in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture is surgical, as surgical treatment is shorter; rehabilitation is faster and shorter, and the total costs associated with treatment and absence from work are lower.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma injection for adults with acute Achilles tendon rupture: the PATH-2 RCT

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Alsousou ◽  
David J Keene ◽  
Paul Harrison ◽  
Philippa Hulley ◽  
Susan Wagland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture

Background Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) has a long healing period, which is challenging for patients and clinicians. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous concentration of platelets thought to improve tendon function recovery. Although preliminary research has indicated positive effects, there is, as yet, no evidence of clinical efficacy from adequately powered robust clinical trials. Objectives The objectives were to determine the clinical efficacy of PRP in patients with acute ATR using an objective mechanical muscle–tendon function measure and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and to determine which PRP components contribute to its mechanism. Design This was a multicentre, parallel-group, participant- and outcome assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing PRP with placebo. Two embedded substudies investigated the PRP’s quality and composition and its effects on healing tendon tissues. Setting This trial was set in trauma and orthopaedic surgery departments in 19 NHS hospitals in England and Wales. Participants Adults with acute ATR presenting within 12 days of injury to be treated non-surgically were eligible. Patients with platelet dysfunction or leg functional deficiency were excluded. Interventions Participants were randomised 1 : 1 to the PRP injection group or the placebo group (dry needle in the rupture gap) by central computer-based randomisation using minimisation, stratified by centre and age. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the Limb Symmetry Index (LSI) of work during the heel-rise endurance test at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes measures, collected at 4, 7, 13 and 24 weeks, were repetitions, maximum heel-rise height, Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS), quality of life (as measured using the Short Form questionnaire-12 items version 2), pain and participant goal attainment. Needle biopsies of the affected tendon zone were taken under ultrasound guidance at 6 weeks from 16 participants from one centre. Whole blood was analysed for cell count. PRP was analysed for cell count, platelet activation and growth factor concentration. The primary analysis was intention to treat. Results A total of 230 participants were randomised: 114 to the PRP group (103 treated) and 116 to the placebo group (all treated). One participant withdrew after randomisation but before the intervention. At 24 weeks, 201 out of 230 participants (87.4%) completed the primary outcome and 216 out of 230 participants (93.9%) completed the PROMs. The treatment groups had similar participant characteristics. At 24 weeks, there was no difference in work LSI (mean difference –3.872; 95% confidence interval –10.454 to 2.710; p = 0.231), ATRS, pain or goal attainment between PRP- and placebo-injected participants. There were no differences between the groups in any PROM at any time point or in complication rates, including re-rupture and deep-vein thrombosis. There was no correlation between work LSI and platelet activation in PRP, or erythrocyte, leucocyte or platelet counts in whole blood or PRP. Biopsies showed similar cellularity and vascularity between groups. Conclusions This trial design and standardised PRP preparation gives the first robust RCT evidence about PRP’s role in managing ATR, which suggests that PRP offers no patient benefit. Equally robust evidence to investigate PRP application in tendon and soft tissue injuries is required. The 24-month follow-up will be completed in April 2020. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54992179. Funding This project was funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation programme, a Medical Research Council and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) partnership. The trial was supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, and the NIHR Fellowship programme.

scholarly journals Risk factors for rerupture after conservative management of acute Achilles tendon rupture

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0030
Author(s):  
Kang Lee ◽  
Jong-Hwa Won
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Conservative Management ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Complete Healing ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
History Of

Category: Sports Introduction/Purpose: Recently, results after conservative management for acute Achilles tendon rupture have been improving after the introduction of real time assessment of tendon healing using ultrasonography and introduction of early weight-bearing and functional brace. Yet, many surgeons prefer surgical management of all acute ruptures due to the risk of tendon rerupture. The purposes of this study are to evaluate incidence and pattern of rerupture of Achilles tendon after complete healing, and to investigate factors related to it. Methods: A total of 202 patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture, who underwent conservative management with cast(3 to 7 weeks) and functional brace, were the subjects of this study. In patients having both tendons injured, only one side was randomly selected for analysis. Hence, for 202 patients, migration free survivorship was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method, and association with possible risk factors was analyzed by Cox regression analysis using proportional hazards model. Factors include age, sex, history of Achilles tendinopathy, cast duration, calf atrophy(mean calf circumference difference at least 2 cm), possibility of SHR(single heel raise), Achilles thickness after complete healing, and insufficient opposition of tendon ends(10mm>gap>5 mm) after cast, initial gap with ankle neutral. Results: Rerupture occurred in 7 of 202 patients. Factors significantly associated with rerupture in Kaplan-Meier survivorship analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis were sex, history of Achilles tendinopathy, calf atrophy, possibility of SHR. When these factors were analyzed by multivariate analysis, possibility of SHR was the only significant factor with a hazard ratio of 3.14. Conclusion: Our data suggest that possibility of SHR requires special attention during the follow-up. The risk of rerupture after conservative management of acute Achilles tendon rupture can be reduced by sufficient recovery of calf muscle strength with early weightbearing and accelerated rehabilitation with aid of ultrasonography.

Biomechanical Simulation of Achilles Tendon Strains during Hurdling

2013 ◽  
Vol 647 ◽  
pp. 462-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Jie Li ◽  
Yan Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Muscle Length ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Musculoskeletal Modeling ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Biomechanical Simulation ◽  
Capture Technique

Hurdling is one of the top athletic games with high injury risks, especially the Achilles tendon injury. The purpose of the study was to quantify the Achilles tendon strains using a biomechanical simulation approach, which incorporate motion capture technique and musculoskeletal modeling. The finding indicates that the main muscles of Achilles tendon, gastronomic and soleus, change greatly in muscle length during the hurdling takeoff. The peak angle of the knee and angle was observed at the end of foot touching phase. The results obtained in this study can serve as a basis for further research on Achilles tendon rupture.

scholarly journals Is There a Correlation Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and a Greater Susceptibility of the Achilles Tendon Rupture?

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub R. Pękala ◽  
Michał P. Zarzecki ◽  
Przemysław A. Pękala ◽  
Mateusz Paziewski ◽  
Jerzy A. Walocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide

scholarly journals Surgical repair of Achilles tendon rupture in dogs: a review of the literature, a case report and new perspectives

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Spinella ◽  
R. Tamburro ◽  
G. Loprete ◽  
JM Vilar ◽  
S. Valentini
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Traumatic Lesion ◽  
Tendon Regeneration ◽  
Fibrotic Tissue ◽  
Bioactive Proteins

Achilles tendon rupture in the dog is a common traumatic lesion. An accurate evaluation of etiology, grade of the lesion with or without loss of tendon substance, and time elapsed from the trauma can guide the surgeon in choosing the best surgical technique. Moreover, the healing process after a tendon injury is usually difficult and uncertain because the prognosis is influenced by extent of trauma, time elapsed between the trauma and its treatment and low tendon vascularization. However, the rapid development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine could soon result in the development of scaffolds with bioactive proteins that can direct the healing process toward complete tendon regeneration without fibrotic tissue development.

scholarly journals The Risk of Achilles Tendon Rupture in the Patients with Achilles Tendinopathy: Healthcare Database Analysis in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youichi Yasui ◽  
Ichiro Tonogai ◽  
Andrew J. Rosenbaum ◽  
Yoshiharu Shimozono ◽  
Hirotaka Kawano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Achilles Tendon ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Tendon Rupture ◽  
Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Healthcare Database ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Acute Rupture ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Disorders of the Achilles tendon can be broadly classified into acute and chronic entities. Few studies have established chronic Achilles tendinopathy as a precursor to acute Achilles ruptures. In this study, we assessed the relationship between Achilles tendinopathy and rupture, clarifying the incidence of rupture in the setting of underlying tendinopathy.Methods. The United Healthcare Orthopedic Dataset from the PearlDiver Patient Record Database was used to identify patients with ICD-9 codes for Achilles rupture and/or Achilles tendinopathy. The number of patients with acute rupture, chronic tendinopathy, and rupture following a prior diagnosis of tendinopathy was assessed.Results.Four percent of patients with an underlying diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy went on to sustain a rupture (7,232 patients). Older patients with tendinopathy were most vulnerable to subsequent rupture.Conclusions. The current study demonstrates that 4.0% of patients who were previously diagnosed with Achilles tendinopathy sustained an Achilles tendon rupture. Additionally, older patients with Achilles tendinopathy were most vulnerable. These findings are important as they can help clinicians more objectively council patients with Achilles tendinopathy.

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