Hispanic Women and Physical Activity: An Integrative Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen T. D'Alonzo ◽  
Marie K. Saimbert
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Hispanic Paradox

Hispanics/Latinos represent the largest, fastest growing, and youngest minority group in the United States. Although data suggest that most Hispanics/Latinos in the United States tend to be in better health than non-Hispanic Whites (the so-called "Hispanic Paradox"), these relative advantages in health status decrease markedly with the number of years of residence in the United States. Hispanic women or Latinas, in general, report less than recommended levels of physical activity (PA), putting them at greater risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other chronic illnesses associated with sedentary lifestyles.

scholarly journals The Impact of Retirement on Cardiovascular Disease and Its Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. e367-e377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baowen Xue ◽  
Jenny Head ◽  
Anne McMunn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Objectives People are now spending longer in retirement than ever before and retirement has been found to influence health. This study systematically reviewed the impact of retirement on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (metabolic risk factors, blood biomarkers, physical activity, smoking, drinking, and diet). Research Design and Methods Longitudinal studies published in Medline, Embase, Social Science Citation Index, PsycINFO, and Social Policy and Practice were searched. No language restrictions were applied if there was an English abstract. Eighty-two longitudinal studies were included after critical appraisals. Results Studies in the United States often found no significant effect of retirement on CVD, while studies in European countries, except France, showed a detrimental effect of retirement on CVD. Results from the United States and several European countries consistently show that retirement increase adiposity measures among those retired from physically demanding jobs. For diabetes and hypertension, five out of nine studies suggest no effect of retirement. Retirement has been repeatedly linked to increasing leisure-time physical activity but may reduce work- and transport-related physical activity in turn. Most studies showed that retirement either decreased smoking or had no effect on smoking. The evidence did not show a clear conclusion on drinking. Only a few studies have assessed the impact on diet and blood biomarkers. Discussion and Implications Effect of retirement varies according to the health outcomes studied and country of the study population. Policy concerning extending the retirement age needs to focus on ensuring they are suited to the individual.

Race-Based Medicine and Justice as Recognition: Exploring the Phenomenon of BiDil

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOON-HO YU ◽  
SARA GOERING ◽  
STEPHANIE M. FULLERTON
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Health Disparities ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Biological Differences

In the United States, health disparities have been framed by categories of race. Racial health disparities have been documented for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and numerous other diseases and measures of health status. Although such disparities can be read as symptoms of disparities in healthcare access, pervasive social and economic inequities, and discrimination, some have suggested that the disparities might be due, at least in part, to biological differences based on race. Or, to be more precise, if race itself has no determined biological meaning, race may nonetheless be a proxy that collects a group of individuals who share certain physiological or genotypic features that affect health.

Testing a Theoretical Model of Immigration Transition and Physical Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Ju Chang ◽  
Eun-Ok Im
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
United States ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Hispanic Women ◽  
The United States ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Country Of Birth ◽  
Level Of Acculturation

The purposes of the study were to develop a theoretical model to explain the relationships between immigration transition and midlife women’s physical activity and test the relationships among the major variables of the model. A theoretical model, which was developed based on transitions theory and the midlife women’s attitudes toward physical activity theory, consists of 4 major variables, including length of stay in the United States, country of birth, level of acculturation, and midlife women’s physical activity. To test the theoretical model, a secondary analysis with data from 127 Hispanic women and 123 non-Hispanic (NH) Asian women in a national Internet study was used. Among the major variables of the model, length of stay in the United States was negatively associated with physical activity in Hispanic women. Level of acculturation in NH Asian women was positively correlated with women’s physical activity. Country of birth and level of acculturation were significant factors that influenced physical activity in both Hispanic and NH Asian women. The findings support the theoretical model that was developed to examine relationships between immigration transition and physical activity; it shows that immigration transition can play an essential role in influencing health behaviors of immigrant populations in the United States. The NH theoretical model can be widely used in nursing practice and research that focus on immigrant women and their health behaviors. Health care providers need to consider the influences of immigration transition to promote immigrant women’s physical activity.

scholarly journals Addressing Asian American Misrepresentation and Underrepresentation in Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-516
Author(s):  
Nilay S. Shah ◽  
Namratha R. Kandula
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Subgroups ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Race Category

Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial/ethnic minority group in the United States and have unique, heterogenous health status and outcomes across a range of conditions between disaggregated Asian subgroups. Despite the rapid growth of this group, clinical and epidemiologic research lags considerably in adequately and ap­propriately representing Asian Americans. Too often, Asian American participants and populations are inappropriately aggregated into a single race category in research, masking important differences between ethnic subgroups. In this commentary, actionable recommendations are provided to investigators in order to enhance inclu­sion and representation of Asian Americans in a broad scope of research programs. Incorporating these recommendations in research planning and conduct will support health and promote health equity for these populations. Ethn Dis. 2020;30(3):513-516; doi:10.18865/ed.30.3.513

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