What’s Wrong With Psychiatry in Plain English?

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Task Force ◽  
True Positive ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
False Positive Detection ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (5th ed.; DSM-5) Task Force’s recommendation to reduce the limit of normal bereavement to 2 weeks has provoked a wave of negative public and professional reaction not seen since the 1960s and 1970s. I argue that the Task Force is correct to insist that excuses have no place in medicine, which is how psychiatry promotes itself, and therefore for the sake of consistency, bereavement should not count as the only exception to what would otherwise be diagnosed as a mental disorder. But the reclassification of bereavement as mental disorder should focus attention on psychiatry’s overall inability to clearly say what they are talking about when they refer to mental disorder and to provide objective evidentiary grounds for detecting “its” presence. Detecting something is illusory (think of witches) if there is no way to distinguish between true-positive detection and false-positive detection.

Problemi di psicoterapia

2013 ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Paolo Migone
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Vengono presentati i principali problemi del processo di costruzione del DSM-5, cioč della quinta edizione del Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) dellA' merican Psychiatric Association, previsto per il maggio 2013. In particolare, vengono illustrati principali cambiamenti introdotti dal manuale e le nuove diagnosi proposte, alcune delle quali poi ritirate per le polemiche suscitate (ad esempio quella di "Sindrome da rischio psicotico"). Robert J. Spitzer e Allen Frances, che sono i capi delle task force dei due pre- cedenti DSM (rispettivamente il DSM-III e DSM-IV), hanno guidato una campagna internazionale di proteste contro il DSM-5 che ha raccolto circa 15.000 firme e che č riuscita a ottenere certe modifiche, ma non a impedire la pubblicazione prematura di un DSM-5 con numerosi difetti. Infine vengono elencate le undici diagnosi del DSM-5 che secondo Frances creeranno maggiori danni alla popolazione.

scholarly journals O potencial consolador das cartas psicografadas na saúde emocional de enlutados

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márden Cardoso Miranda Hott ◽  
Amanda Márcia dos Santos Reinaldo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

Resumo A pesquisa objetivou conhecer o estado emocional de pessoas em luto complicado que receberem cartas escritas por médiuns, cuja emissão foi atribuída a seus entes falecidos. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 48 voluntários em três cenários, sendo um virtual e dois presenciais. Estes responderam a formulários estruturados compostos por nove perguntas que definiram o perfil dos participantes; e a 17 perguntas sobre o luto, elaboradas conforme critérios do Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5), que verificou os sentimentos antes e depois da comunicação mediúnica. Concluímos que as mensagens contribuíram para melhorar a saúde emocional das pessoas provenientes dos cenários presenciais, interferindo positivamente na qualidade de vida, validando o conceito de “Cartas Consoladoras”.

Comparison of Alcohol Use Disorders in DSM and ICD

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Jessica W. M. Wong ◽  
Friedrich M. Wurst ◽  
Ulrich W. Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Historical Developments

Abstract. Introduction: With advances in medicine, our understanding of diseases has deepened and diagnostic criteria have evolved. Currently, the most frequently used diagnostic systems are the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) and the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) to diagnose alcohol-related disorders. Results: In this narrative review, we follow the historical developments in ICD and DSM with their corresponding milestones reflecting the scientific research and medical considerations of their time. The current diagnostic concepts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 and their development are presented. Lastly, we compare these two diagnostic systems and evaluate their practicability in clinical use.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

2010 ◽  
pp. 254-279
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Maryanne Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Revising Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, criteria for the bipolar disorders: Phase I of the AREDOC project

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1173-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker ◽  
Gabriela Tavella ◽  
Glenda Macqueen ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
Heinz Grunze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Operational Criteria ◽  
International Experts

Objective: To derive new criteria sets for defining manic and hypomanic episodes (and thus for defining the bipolar I and II disorders), an international Task Force was assembled and termed AREDOC reflecting its role of Assessment, Revision and Evaluation of DSM and other Operational Criteria. This paper reports on the first phase of its deliberations and interim criteria recommendations. Method: The first stage of the process consisted of reviewing Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, and recent International Classification of Diseases criteria, identifying their limitations and generating modified criteria sets for further in-depth consideration. Task Force members responded to recommendations for modifying criteria and from these the most problematic issues were identified. Results: Principal issues focussed on by Task Force members were how best to differentiate mania and hypomania, how to judge ‘impairment’ (both in and of itself and allowing that functioning may sometimes improve during hypomanic episodes) and concern that rejecting some criteria (e.g. an imposed duration period) might risk false-positive diagnoses of the bipolar disorders. Conclusion: This first-stage report summarises the clinical opinions of international experts in the diagnosis and management of the bipolar disorders, allowing readers to contemplate diagnostic parameters that may influence their clinical decisions. The findings meaningfully inform subsequent Task Force stages (involving a further commentary stage followed by an empirical study) that are expected to generate improved symptom criteria for diagnosing the bipolar I and II disorders with greater precision and to clarify whether they differ dimensionally or categorically.

scholarly journals Case Report: DSM–5 misses an edge case in tic disorders nosology

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Black
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Tourette’S Disorder ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Tourette's Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

A boy with multiple phonic tics, one lifetime motor tic, and no impairment or marked distress does not meet criteria for any DSM–5 tic disorder diagnosis. The next version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual should adjust the criteria for Tourette's Disorder and/or for "other specified tic disorder" and "unspecified tic disorder."

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