scholarly journals Carbon Stock of Luvisols as Influenced by Cropping System of Abela Lida, Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teshome Yitbarek
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Southern Ethiopia

scholarly journals Changes in soil carbon stock in Mewat and Dhar under cereal and legume based cropping systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chakrabarti ◽  
S.K. Bandyopadhyay ◽  
D. Pratap ◽  
H. Pathak ◽  
R. Mittal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Surface Soil Layer

Soil organic carbon is strongly affected by agricultural management practices. Cropping systems can influence the amount of carbon present in soil. Increase in SOC can be related with the choice of crops present in the cropping sequence as well as on the management practices followed. The present study was undertaken to quantify the changes in soil carbon stock under different cropping systems. Two major cropping systems i.e. pearlmillet-wheat and pearlmillet-mustard were selected in Mewat, Haryana while soybean-wheat cropping systems was identified in Dhar, Madhya Pradesh. Results showed that SOC of surface soil layer decreased from 0.42% to 0.39% in pearlmillet-mustard cropping system during the study period. But in soybean-wheat cropping system it increased from 1.14% to 1.24%. Legume based cropping system showed enhancement of surface soil carbon.

scholarly journals Carbon sequestration potential under tea based cropping system

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-693
Author(s):  
S. Alom ◽  
◽  
R. Das ◽  
U. Baruah ◽  
S. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Plantation Crops ◽  
Plantation System

Aim: To study the carbon sequestration process in tea based plantation system and to identify more potential carbon sequestration system amongst the tea based cropping system by studying carbon storage in different components of the plantation system. Methodology: The experiment was carried out in the Experimental Garden for Plantation Crops of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam. Treatments were made in an on going, long term shade experiment on mature tea bushes, adapted to three levels of shades viz. tea as monoculture; Tea based cropping system with Areca palm and Tea with Albizzia odoratissima. Results: Among different tea plantations, tea-albizzia recorded superior performance, followed by tea-areca palm plantation in respect to biomass accumulation and carbon sequestration. Similarly, higher carbon stock was found in tea-albizzia plantations along with other physiological and edaphic parameters related to carbon sequestration attributed to an increase in carbon stock. Interpretation: Tea-albizzia plantation system has maximum potential for carbon offsetting from the atmosphere as well as carbon storage both above and below ground in the plantation ecosystem which might be helpful for future carbon management and economy as a whole.

scholarly journals Production Constraints,Farmers Preferred- traits and Farming System of Cowpea in the Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yasin Goac ◽  
Walelign Worku ◽  
Hussein Mohammed ◽  
Elias Urage
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Improved Varieties ◽  
South Ethiopia ◽  
Production Constraints ◽  
Poor Access

Abstract The study was conducted at Gofa, Humbo, Kindo koyisha and Konso districts of South Nation Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) from May 2016 to February 2017 with the objective to assess the limitations on cowpea production conceived by farmers, farmers traits of interest and the farming system of cowpea. Participatory rural appraisal tools, which include seven focus group discussions and survey with 150 individual farmers, were used to generate data. Data recorded were analyzed on SPSS software and descriptive statistics were applied. The results showed that 85.3% of the farmers surveyed were men and the size of families ranged from 6 to 9 at the household level. Almost (40%) produced cowpea for household consumption, while 21.3% reported its food and income generation. The average cowpea fields were 0.24 ha with 503 kg/ ha as an average seed yield. The results revealed that 92.7% of farmers grow local landraces, whose seeds are recycled for many consecutive seasons, while approximately 7.3% grow both improved and local landrace. Cultivars were generally cultivated as intercrop (92.7 %) with maize or sorghum. Many factors limiting cowpea production were identified, key of which were lack of improved varieties, disease and insect pests, drought, poor access to extension, poor access to credit services, low soil fertility, farmland shortage, inappropriate agronomic practices and storage pests. Farmers also specified to have developed few managing mechanisms to counter the restraints. Farmers showed preference for high yielding coupled with early maturing cowpea varieties that are in addition, resistant to pests and diseases, tolerant to drought ,good taste,large seed size, fast cooking and seed colour. Therefore,it is recommended that there be a cowpea improvement program that can address above-mentioned constraints as well as the prefrences of farmers for sustainable cowpea production in Southern Ethiopia. Background: The success of crop varieties growing is closely associated to the utilizations, biophysical conditions, the cropping systems in which the crop is combined and preferences of farmers’. Cowpea is one of the lowland legumes grown for food, cash crop and medicinal purposes in the different growing areas of Southern Ethiopia. It is ranks the 5th to 9th important legume crop for household food, nutrition, and income generation for cultivating farmers, which contributes significantly to food security of the region. In spite of its importance, the crop received little research attention in the development improved varieties, cowpea productivity remains low.Exploring and describing the current cowpea cropping system, production constraints and farmers varietal perefrences in the main production areas will help in defining the cowpea improvement priorities. Methods: The study was conducted in four cowpea-growing districts in South Ethiopia. Participatory rural appraisal tools including seven focus group discussion,key informants and survey with 150 individual farmers, were conducted in Gofa, Humbo,Kindo koyisha and Konso districts from May 2016 to February 2017 to collect information on production system, constraints and preferred traits. Data collected through the questionnaires were processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 (SPSS, 2012). Analysis was performed for descriptive statistics, mean, frequencies and percentages. Cross tabulations were performed for data summary and chi-square analysis performed to test for significant differences between variables. Results: Farmers grow both local and improved varieties to meet their various goals in cowpea farming. Nearly 92.7 % of the farmers grow local landraces, whose seeds are recycled for many consecutive seasons, whilst approximately 7.3% grow both improved and local landrace. The results showed that 85.3% of the farmers surveyed were men and the size of families ranged from 6 to 9 at the household level. Almost (40%) produced cowpea for household consumption, while 21.3% reported its food and income generation. The average cowpea fields were 0.24 ha with 503 kg/ ha as the average grain yield. About 92.7% of cowpea growers associated cowpea with other crops, while 7.3 % of them grew the crop in pure stand. Cowpea grown in combination with maize (68.7 %) and 22.7 % with sorghum was the most encountered cropping system. The lack of improved varieties, disease and insect pests, drought, poor access to extension, poor access to credit services, low soil fertility, farmland shortage, inappropriate agronomic practices and storage pests are some of the important constraints affecting cowpea productivity. Framers showed preference for high yielding coupled with early maturing cowpea varieties that are in addition, resistant to pests and diseases, tolerant to drought ,good taste,large seed size, fast cooking and seed colour. Conclusion: Our results confirm the importance of cowpea both in the cropping systems and in contributing to ensure food security in the growing areas in South Ethiopia. Key production constraints and farmers’ varietal preferences were identified. The results of this study are helpful to breeders and agronomists to design appropriate strategies for sustainable cowpea production. Therefore,it is recommended that there be a cowpea development program that can address the above-mentioned constraints and the farmers’ preference for sustainable cowpea production in Southern Ethiopia. It implies that these findings can be used as the basis for designing research and development plans for continuous cowpea production and productivity by smallholder farmers in South Ethiopia.

Carbon stock and woody species diversity in homegarden agroforestry along an elevation gradient in southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiru Birhane ◽  
Said Ahmed ◽  
Mengsteab Hailemariam ◽  
Mesele Negash ◽  
Meley Mekonen Rannestad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Woody Species Diversity

scholarly journals Carbon Stock, Sequestration and Soil Properties among Fields in Smallholder Farms in Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanuel Laekemariam
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Smallholder Farms ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
C Stock

Abstract Background Soil organic carbon (SOC) is key indicator of soil quality and health. It has substantial benefits to the ecosystem. Information on the magnitude of carbon pools under field scale of subsistence farms is scanty. This study aimed to assess carbon stock, sequestration and soil properties among different fields in smallholder farms of southern Ethiopia. Five field types within a farm were investigated viz. coffee (Coffea arabica L.), enset (Ensete ventricosum), root and tuber crop field (RTC), crop field used for growing cereals and pulses, and fallow land. For each field, eight representative fields as a replication were selected. Surface soil samples were collected, and analyzed to determine soil physico-chemical properties. In addition, C stock, C-sequestration, and CO2 emission were also evaluated. Results The result regarding soil properties revealed significant differences in almost all of investigated parameters. The minimum and maximum values being recorded were: bulk density (BD) (1.05, 1.29 gm cm-3), pH (6.1, 7.0), SOC (1.1, 2.48%), TN (0.09-0.19%), available P (1.1, 70.9 mg/kg), total exchangeable bases (9.5, 20.5 Cmolc/kg), K/Mg (0.37,1.02), B (0.4, 1.2 mg/kg) Cu (0.32, 0.91 mg/kg), Zn (5, 20.5 mg/kg), Fe (105.5, 133.8 mg/kg) and CEC (18.6, 27.5 mg/kg). Fields in the backyard (enset and coffee) showed lowest BD and maximum values of soil chemical properties. On contrary, highest BD and lowest values of chemical parameters were observed in crop and fallow fields. The result further indicated that the field that stocked and sequestered more carbon, and emitted less CO2 was coffee > enset > RTC > crop field > fallow land. C-stock and sequestration (t/ha) magnitude was being: coffee (81.4, 298.5), enset (75.5, 277.0), RTC (68.8, 252.6), crop field (57.5, 211.0) and fallow (43.3, 159). Using coffee field as least CO2 emitter and as the base value for comparison, the percentage increment in CO2 emission out of the sequestered carbon was 7.2% (enset), 15.4% (RTC), 29.3% (crop field) and 46.7% (fallow).Soil deterioration index (%) relative to coffee field for OC, N, P, and K in their order was as follows: enset [-2.8, 0, 254.5, 23.1], RTC [-17.7, -31.6, -59.5, -34.6], crop field [-35, -47.4,-79, -46] and fallow [-55.7, -52.6, -94.5,and -76.9]. Conclusion Different fields within smallholder farms exhibited significant variation in amount of carbon sequestered, CO2 emission, soil degradation and soil properties. Thus, climate smart soil management practices that would enhance carbon pool and simultaneously increasing soil quality are suggested e.g., integrated nutrient management.

scholarly journals Carbon Storage of Wooden Houses, Trees, and Grazing Land in Rural Areas of Enemorina Ener District, Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
Miftah Fekadu ◽  
Tsegaye Bekele ◽  
Sisay Feleke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Wooden House ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

In Ethiopia, wood was the main construction material for rural houses. In 2013, about 79% of the rural houses of Ethiopia were fully made of wood. Although carbon storage of wood is well known for climate change mitigation, there is lack of information on carbon stock of wooden houses in Ethiopia. Thus, a study was conducted to analyze the carbon stock of dominant land uses that surround rural wooden houses in three agro-ecologies and representative three peasant associations (PA) or Kebeles in Southern Ethiopia. Field measurement and household survey were made by selecting sixty-four houses made of wood, grass or corrugated iron sheet. Transects were laid starting from the wooden houses to lay out plots to collect samples of wood, grass, soot inside houses, soil and trees for carbon determination. The service age of wooden houses was estimated in triangulated interview as 5-150 years. The total carbon stock of newly constructed rural grass covered wooden house was 28.35- 49.26 kg C m-2, which was greater than the other surrounding land uses. The grazing land total carbon stock was 50.5-86.8% and the scattered trees carbon was 9.5-59.7% of the total carbon stock of the respective PA grass covered wooden house. Since soil is the common below ground carbon stock, the total carbon of a land use is mostly affected by the above ground carbon stock. Grass covered houses contained greater above ground carbon stock but grazinglands contained greater below ground carbon stock. Soot accumulation of 0.4-1.3 g m-2 inside the houses’ roof indicated the presence of indoor pollution. The total carbon stock increased with increasing altitude and geoclimatic variables were significantly correlated with carbon stock of the land uses (p<0.05; r = ±0.999). Therefore, wooden houses need to be considered in climate change mitigations. The shift of carbon stock from natural environment to wooden houses in human dominated landscapes was indicator of a lack of forests, and then efforts should be strengthened to increase forest cover.

scholarly journals Productivity and carbon sequestration potential of coconut-based cropping system as influenced by integrated nutrient management practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
V.V. Shinde ◽  
H.P. Maheswarappa ◽  
S.L. Ghavale ◽  
S. Sumitha ◽  
S.M. Wankhede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Green Manuring ◽  
Carbon Sequestration Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential

A field experiment was carried out at Regional Coconut Research Station, Bhatye (DBSKKV, Dapoli), Maharashtra (India) during 2013-2018 to study the productivity and carbon sequestration potential as influenced by integrated nutrient management (INM) practices in coconut based cropping system. INM practices viz., T1- 75 per cent of RDF+25 per cent of N through organic recycling with vermicompost, T2- 50 per cent of RDF+50 per cent of N through organic recycling with vermicompost + vermiwash application + bio-fertilizer application + in situ green manuring (cowpea), T3- fully organic: 100 per cent N through organic recycling with vermicompost + vermiwash application + bio-fertilizer application + in situ green manuring (cowpea) and green leaf manuring + composted coir pith, husk incorporation and mulching with coconut leaves were imposed in coconut based cropping system involving nutmeg, cinnamon, banana and pineapple. For comparison, T4- control: monocrop of coconut with recommended NPK and organic manure was maintained. Four treatments were laid out in a block of 0.45 ha area each. Among the different INM practices, treatment T1 sequestered the highest amount of above ground (coconut + nutmeg) carbon stock (31.1 t ha-1) followed by T2 (30.3 t ha-1) and T3 (27.3 t ha-1). In contrast, the treatment T4 - coconut monocrop alone had sequestered 25.6 t ha-1. The below-ground soil carbon stock in the rhizosphere of different crops was the highest in the nutrient management under T3 followed by T2 and T1, whereas, it was the lowest in coconut monocrop. The productivity of the system was higher in the intercropping garden. The coconut nut yield (5-year average) was higher yield under T1 (147.2 nuts palm-1 year-1), followed by T2 (138.4 nuts palm-1 year-1) and T3 (123.6 nuts palm-1 year-1), whereas, monocrop had recorded a significantly lower number of nuts (97.2 nuts palm-1 year-1).

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