Franz Boas and Freedom of Speech

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan McGowan
Keyword(s):  
2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Alistair J Bonnington
Keyword(s):  

Paragraph ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-130
Author(s):  
Thomas Docherty

This paper looks at intrinsic disputation within proposition, and specifically within propositions that offer a moderated version of the freedom of speech and expression. It begins from a consideration of what is at stake in Othello's ‘Rude am I in my speech’, a rhetorical gesture that frames an act of great eloquence, and in which the eloquence serves to formulate a quarrel by ostensibly resolving it. This example reveals that there is a conflict between empirical quarrel and articulated spoken resolution. This leads the essay to explore the way in which diplomacy works, whereby we establish the pretence that there is peace between disputatious positions through the power of the logic of ‘but’, thus: ‘I agree with you, but …’. Finally, this is extended to a consideration of the limits of and/or on free speech: ‘I defend free speech, but …’, where the ‘but’ is a gesture in which the defence of free speech is modified to the point of being obliterated.


Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Lestari Manggong

ABSTRAKSajak “Song of Myself” karya pujangga Amerika abad ke-19, Walt Whitman,mengupas konsep demokrasi yang menjadi salah satu pondasi prinsip kebebasanberpendapat di Amerika. Makalah ini membahas pembelajaran tentang konsep demokrasiyang dapat diperoleh dari sajak tersebut. Arah pembahasan menjadi spesifik ketikakonsep demokrasi dalam sajak tersebut dikaitkan dengan praktek demokrasi yang terjadidi Amerika sekarang, sejak Amerika berada dalam masa administrasi Presiden DonaldTrump. Dalam pembahasannya, makalah ini mengemukakan argumentasi bahwa dalamprakteknya, prinsip demokrasi yang mengedepankan kebebasan berpendapat bagi setiapindividu, secara dilematis mengantar Amerika pada masa kepresidenan Trump yang dinilaikontroversial. Selain “Song of Myslelf,” makalah ini juga membahas dan membandingkansajak Whitman yang lain, yaitu “For You O Democracy” untuk melihat lebih jauh lagi persepsiWhitman tentang demokrasi. Pembahasan dilakukan dengan melihat aspek pragmatis sajakWhitman dengan merujuk pada Mack (2002). Selain itu, pembahasan juga akan berfokuspada aspek xenofobia dalam karya Whitman dengan merujuk pada salah satu tulisan Price(2004). Simpulan dari pembahasan akan bermuara pada gagasan bahwa konsep utopissemacam demokrasi pun tidak sepenuhnya ideal. Karena, seperti yang terjadi di Amerikasekarang, prinsip demokrasi yang dipraktekkan membuat rakyatnya memasuki era yangbanyak menuai protes. Pada akhirnya, pembelajaran tentang konsep demokrasi ini secaraglobal juga dapat memberi sudut pandang yang lebih kritis mengenai konsep demokrasi.Kata kunci: pembelajaran sastra, Walt Whitman, demokrasi Amerika, Donald Trump,kajian pragmatis, xenofobia.ABSTRACT“Song of Myself,” by America’s nineteenth-century poet, Walt Whitman, describesthe concept of democracy which is one of foundations of the principle of freedom of speechin America. This essay discusses literature learning on the concept of democracy in thepoem. The discussion becomes specific when the concept of democracy in the poem is linkedwith the practice of democracy that occurs currently in America, ever since it is underPresident Trump’s administration. This essay argues that in its practice, the principle ofdemocracy that upholds freedom of speech to every individual, in a dillematic way bringsAmerica to today’s controversial administration by President Trump. Aside From “Songof Myslelf,” this essay also discusses and compares Whitman’s other poem, “For You ODemocracy,” to see further Whitman’s perception on democracy. The discussion will havea look at the pragmatic aspect of Whitman’s poem, by referring to Mack (2002), and it will1 Makalah ini telah dipresentasikan dalam Seminar Nasional HISKI: “Literasi, Sastra, dan Pembelajaran” yangdiselenggarakan di Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Halu Oleo Kendari, Sulawesi Tenggara, 29-30 April 2017.222 | METAHUMANIORA, Vol. 7, Nomor 2 September 2017: 221—233Lestari Manggongalso focus on the xenophobic aspect in the poem, by referring to Price (2004). This essayconcludes that even a utopian concept such as democracy is not entirely ideal, because thepractice of democracy today leads the American people to enter an era of protests. Thisessay proposes an idea that literature learning of the concept of democracy in the poemalso contributes to giving a more critical view on the concept of democracy.Keywords: literature learning, Walt Whitman, American democracy, Donald Trump,pragmatics studies, xenophobia.


Author(s):  
Han F. Vermeulen

Die Geschichte der Ethnologie beginnt für viele erst ab 1860 mit Adolf Bastian in Deutschland und E.B. Tylor in England oder ab 1887 mit Franz Boas in den USA. So kann man es in den Lehrbüchern lesen: Die Wurzeln der Ethnologie liegen im 19. Jahrhundert; in Deutschland fängt die Ethnologie mit Bastian an. Ähnlich wird die Genese der Anthropologie oft mit dem Wirken von Rudolf Virchow in Berlin verbunden. Meine Recherchen haben jedoch ergeben, dass beide Disziplinen bereits im 18. Jahrhundert entstanden sind, und zwar als parallele Entwicklungen in unterschiedlichen Wissensbereichen. Im Vortrag werde ich hierauf Bezug nehmen und zeigen, dass die Ethnographie 1732-1747 im Rahmen der Erforschung Sibiriens von dem Historiker G.F. Müller als eine beschreibende und vergleichende Studie aller Völker hervortrat; dass die Ethnologie 1771-1775 von A.L. Schlözer in Göttingen als eine allgemeine Völkerkunde eingeführt und 1781-1783 von A.F. Kollár in Wien als ethnologia definiert wurde; und dass die Anthropologie als eine "Naturgeschichte des Menschen" durch Linné in den Jahren 1735-1758, durch Buffon von 1749 bis 1777 und durch Blumenbach in den Jahren 1775-1795 herausgebildet wurde. Diese Entwicklungen kann man bis zur Gründung der BGAEU im Jahr 1869 gut nachvollziehen


Author(s):  
Nelly Romanovich ◽  
◽  
Oksana Korobkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Admink Admink

Досліджуються закономірності розвитку театральної критики на тлі культурно-мистецького процесу та складних суспільно-політичних реалій 1920-х років. В Україні у першій пол. 1920-х рр. мав місце спонтанний вихід багатьох нових видань, для яких характерна несистематична поява, короткотривалість існування та нечітка редакційна політика. На відміну від політизованої преси ІІ пол. 1920-х рр. періодика І пол. 1920-х рр. не завжди відповідала ідеологічним настановам влади. Це обумовлено ситуацією у країні, невпорядкованою системою друку та, відповідно, відносною свободою слова. Зосереджено увагу на зміні мистецьких орієнтирів, вагомості та професійному стані театральної критики ІІ пол. 1920-х рр. у порівнянні з попереднім періодом. Адже саме тоді відбувається активізація представників різних поколінь театральних критиків. Ключові слова: театральна критика, 1920 роки, суспільно-політичні реалії, періодичні видання. The objectives of the article are to study the patterns of the theatrical criticism development against the turbulent cultural and artistic process and the complex of socio-political realities of the 1920 s. In Ukraine in the 1st half of the 1920 s there was a spontaneous output of many new publications, which are characterized by a non-systematic appearance, short-term existence and a rather fuzzy editorial policy in Ukraine in the first half of the 1920 s. Unlike the politicized press of the 2 nd half of 1920 s, periodicals of the 1st half of the 1920 s not always corresponded to the ideological attitudes of the authorities. This was due to the situation in the country, the disorderly system of the press and, accordingly, the relative freedom of speech. The article also focuses on the changing of artistic guidelines, the weight and professional status of theater criticism of the 2 nd half of 1920 s, compared with the previous period. It is at this time that the representatives of different generations of theater critics become more active. Key words: theater criticism, 1920-s, socio-political realities, periodicals.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document