Topic Modelling and Sentiment Analysis of Global Warming Tweets

With the increasing extreme weather events and various disasters, people are paying more attention to environmental issues than ever, particularly global warming. Public debate on it has grown on various platforms, including newspapers and social media. This paper examines the topics and sentiments of the discussion of global warming on Twitter over a span of 18 months using two big data analytics techniques—topic modelling and sentiment analysis. There are seven main topics concerning global warming frequently debated on Twitter: factors causing global warming, consequences of global warming, actions necessary to stop global warming, relations between global warming and Covid-19; global warming’s relation with politics, global warming as a hoax, and global warming as a reality. The sentiment analysis shows that most people express positive emotions about global warming, though the most evoked emotion found across the data is fear, followed by trust. The study provides a general and critical view of the public’s principal concerns and their feelings about global warming on Twitter.

Protestant Providentialism in the Commonwealth of the Nobles: A critical view on Sarmatism

This study is devoted to providentialism, an element characteristic of Sarmatism – a dominant ideology and culture in the early modern Commonwealth of the nobles. The attachment of special weight to providence’s care of the state and the nobility seems to have been characteristic also of Protestant circles in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century, and therefore the culture of the nobles’ Sarmatism should not be reduced to its late form, dominated as it was by Catholicism in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

In the Footsteps of the Absent Father: The Protagonist as a Writing Subject in the Work of Ronit Matalon

The article addresses the literary development of the young female protagonist in Ronit Matalon’s early writing, and the character’s relationship with her absent father. Despite the prevalence of this theme, little research has been dedicated to the father-daughter relationship in Matalon’s work and its influence on the daughter’s decision to become a writer. The article examines this theme in Matalon’s young adult novel, A Story that Begins with a Snake’s Funeral (1989). My main argument here is that the father-daughter relationship in Matalon’s work is central to the construction of the daughter’s ’decision to write‘, and points to the issue of inter-generational accountability, in which the daughter is entitled to an inheritance from her father despite her critical view of him. As I will show in my reading of the novel, the fictional representation of this relationship bears an autobiographical imprint, particularly in light of Matalon’s choice to quote her father, Felix Matalon, and to lend his voice to the father figure in her writing. As part of the exploration of this theme, which consists of both fictional and autobiographical aspects, I suggest that the heroine’s efforts to place her absent father in the context of her life and to cope with his absence through her writing point to Matalon’s own efforts to deal with her father’s legacy by writing about him and giving him a place in the Israeli literary canon, while maintaining a critical attitude towards him.

A Critical View on Pension Savings in Slovakia

In almost all countries around the world, pension systems are based on several pillars. This is also the case of Slovakia with its three-pillar pension system. The paper presents a case study underlying the risks that can seriously affect the amount of future pensions. The case study clearly indicates that current pensions in Slovakia paid under all three pillars do not correspond with the expectations from the implementation of the three-pillar pension system. The aim of the paper is to the risks that can seriously affect the amount of future pensions. Our own contribution is the determination of the amount of pension for a specific pensioner specified in the presented case study. Within the saving phase of pension contributions the development of investment fund returns, the amount of future pensioner´s contributions, as well as administrative costs are analyzed on a monthly basis. The payout phase is modelled using actuarial functions applying the mortality tables of Slovakia.

Dramatyzacja tradycji. Dramaturgiczne konfrontacje z kanonem literackim

The article opens with a statement that dramaturgical creativity, long marginalized by literary studies, has returned to the area of its interest together with its researchers’ use of the achievements of performative and cultural turns. Taking these into account allows us to treat drama as a distinctive literary practice in which the reception of a text is exemplary. As the author claims, with the New Humanities, integrating scattered reading perspectives known to the history of literary studies into the horizons of New Positivity, dramatic studies enrich this standpoint and maintain a critical view making creative use of the antagonism of perspectives, confrontation of attitudes, conflict of qualities or different visions and ideas. The potential tensions revealed in the practice of active reading of a literary text in accordance with the dramatic matrix guarantee the positive effects of each act of engaged reading. The dramatization of tradition is a specific field of critical dialogue between the reader and the existing literary tradition. Three dramatic works by Jan Czapliński are indicated as examples of mediators for this dialogue. The work of this playwright presents and suggests a critical reading of the characters and works of Gabriela Zapolska, Henryk Sienkiewicz and Adam Mickiewicz, leading to the emancipation of their works that is situated beyond the framework of the discursively created, existing canon of contemporary Polish literature and culture. A critical view enriches and updates the canon. Dramatization, which allows the revaluation of existing values, appears as the basic category of contemporary art – revealing existing, usually ineffable conflicts and using them to build new, positive values.

Imagination and Reality

This paper investigates how John Millington Synge uses the theme of imagination in his play The Playboy of the Western World to introduce a critical view of the construction of personal and national identities of those people, Irish people. It argues that the play juxtaposes two contradicted images of the construction of personal and national identities. On the one hand, the play satirizes the way that the villagers use their imagination to create their own hero to help them revive their primitive national identity. On the other hand, it emphasizes the importance of imagination in creating personal identity. The play questions the authenticity of the notion of national identity by depicting it as a human-made phenomenon, but at the same time it makes use of it by showing how imagination helps to change human life.

Medicalization of Sexual Desire

Medicalisation is a social phenomenon in which conditions that were once under legal, religious, personal or other jurisdictions are brought into the domain of medical authority. Low sexual desire in females has been medicalised, pathologised as a disease, and intervened upon with a range of pharmaceuticals. There are two polarised positions on the medicalisation of low female sexual desire: I call these the mainstream view and the critical view. I assess the central arguments for both positions. Dividing the two positions are opposing models of the aetiology of low female sexual desire. I conclude by suggesting that the balance of arguments supports a modest defence of the critical view regarding the medicalisation of low female sexual desire.

P-BN28 The Consistency of Operative Safety Markers and the Critical View of Safety During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Pilot Study

Background Safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) depends on surgeon's experience, operative difficulty, utilisation of traditional safety markers, adapting the dissection technique and, where possible, displaying the critical view of safety (CVS) to confirm cystic pedicle structures prior to division. The Safe Cholecystectomy Multi-Society Practice Guidelines and State of the Art Consensus Conference on Prevention of Bile Duct Injury During Cholecystectomy identified no direct comparative evidence to support the CVS over other methods of anatomic identification. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the consistency of safety markers guiding the dissection and to determine the value of displaying the CVS. Methods A pilot study was conducted, reviewing video recordings of 241 LCs (144 retrospective and 97 prospective). The consistency of the Rouvier Sulcus (RS), the cystic lymph node (CLN), identification of the common bile duct (CBD) and duodenum and a new marker; the “cystic duct fold” (CDF), the peritoneal fold stretching between the retracted Hartman's Pouch and the CBD guiding the dissection at its distal end over the gallbladder neck, was documented. Data on the safety marker used to commence dissection, gallbladder condition, the LC difficulty grade, the selected technique and whether the CVS was achieved was recorded and analysed. Results Although the CBD and duodenum were visualised in 77%, the CDF was identifiable in 56% (CLN in 52.3%, RS in 50.2%) and the most consistently used to commence dissection in 51.4% (CLN 17.4%, CBD in 11.6% and RS in 6.6%). 12.8% required access to the infundibulum using sub-serosal or trans-vesical dissection (41% had acute cholecystitis, empyema or gangrenous gallbladders). Infundibular dissection was used in 88%. CVS was achievable in 56.8%. The CDF dropped form 87% in difficulty grades 1 and 2 to 16.5% in grades 4 and 5 with the CLN used in 21% of these difficult LCs. Conclusions A new safety marker, the CDF is proposed, being more reliable and safer on account of starting the dissection away from the CBD and potentially aberrant ducts, contrary to the line of RS. The CLN is more reliable in difficult LC, especially with acute inflammation. Infundibular dissection remains the default approach to “target identification” required to display the CVS. The true value of the CVS, as an end product of the process of dissection, lies in “target confirmation” before dividing any structures and in clearing the cystic plate to avoid injury to Couinaud Types C, F and hepato-cystic ducts.