scholarly journals Is Equilibrium Modelling Outdated for Recent Challenges in River Management?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Varrani ◽  
Michael Nones
Keyword(s):  
River Management ◽  
Longitudinal Profile ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Geomorphological Parameters ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Geomorphological Changes ◽  
Longitudinal Extension ◽  
D Model ◽  
Qualitative Estimation

To date, several different approaches are available to study sediment dynamics at reach or watershed scale, based on very different hypothesis. One of such assumptions, the so-called “morphodynamic equilibrium hypothesis” is becoming little unpopular for its embedded simplifications. The aim of this work is to demonstrate how this approach proves yet effective in modelling landscape morphodynamics at the watershed scale, for what concerns the longitudinal profile of a river and the sedimentary aspects. The application of a 1-D model based on the equilibrium hypothesis has been implemented for several large rivers worldwide. Geomorphological parameters have been analysed, which describe the evolution of longitudinal profile (concavity) and sediments characteristics (aggrading and fining), and the results show a reasonably good correspondence with qualitative estimation of the same parameters. At the scale of analysis and for the chosen systems, which show high inertia to geomorphological changes likely owing to their longitudinal extension, the model can detect where the present conditions reflect a big disturbance to the “natural equilibrium” thus allowing water managers to identify present issues to be addressed.

Methionine-Specific Staining of Collagen

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 294-295
Author(s):  
E.M. Kuhn ◽  
K.D. Marenus ◽  
M. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Specific Staining ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Fibers composed of different types of collagen cannot be differentiated by conventional electron microscopic stains. We are developing staining procedures aimed at identifying collagen fibers of different types.Pt(Gly-L-Met)Cl binds specifically to sulfur-containing amino acids. Different collagens have methionine (met) residues at somewhat different positions. A good correspondence has been reported between known met positions and Pt(GLM) bands in rat Type I SLS (collagen aggregates in which molecules lie adjacent to each other in exact register). We have confirmed this relationship in Type III collagen SLS (Fig. 1).

The Methow Beaver Project: the Challenges of an Ecosystem Services Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Philip Brick ◽  
Kent Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Castor Canadensis ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Natural Resource Policy ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Climate Conditions

This case explores the Methow Beaver Project (MBP), an ambitious experiment to restore beaver (Castor canadensis) to a high mountain watershed in Washington State, USA. The Pacific Northwest is already experiencing weather regimes consistent with longer term climate projections, which predict longer and drier summers and stronger and wetter winter storms. Ironically, this combination makes imperative more water storage in one of the most heavily dammed regions in the nation. Although the positive role that beaver can play in watershed enhancement has been well known for decades, no project has previously attempted to re-introduce beaver on a watershed scale with a rigorous monitoring protocol designed to document improved water storage and temperature conditions needed for human uses and aquatic species. While the MBP has demonstrated that beaver can be re-introduced on a watershed scale, it has been much more difficult to scientifically demonstrate positive changes in water retention and stream temperature, given hydrologic complexity, unprecedented fire and floods, and the fact that beaver are highly mobile. This case study can help environmental studies students and natural resource policy professionals think about the broader challenges of diffuse, ecosystem services approaches to climate adaptation. Beaver-produced watershed improvements will remain difficult to quantify and verify, and thus will likely remain less attractive to water planners than conventional storage dams. But as climate conditions put additional pressure on such infrastructure, it is worth considering how beaver might be employed to augment watershed storage capacity, even if this capacity is likely to remain at least in part inscrutable.

A Study on the Contour of the Radial Tire: Rolling Contour Optimization Theory — RCOT

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamagishi ◽  
M. Togashi ◽  
S. Furuya ◽  
K. Tsukahara ◽  
N. Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Radial Tire ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Equilibrium Profiles ◽  
Natural Equilibrium

Abstract The Rolling Contour Optimization Theory (RCOT) can lead to improved steering, fuel efficiency, riding comfort, and braking performance of tires relative to those of conventional shape. The conventional shape has been guided by natural equilibrium profiles, while the RCOT technology shape is guided by that of the tire in motion. This reduces useless distortions caused by running the tire under load. The RCOT design focuses on the distribution of belt and sidewall tension in the tire. Controlling tension in the belt and carcass area while the tire is in motion was the key to creating this new tire shape.

A watershed-scale monitoring protocol for bull trout

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Isaak ◽  
Bruce Rieman ◽  
Dona Horan
Keyword(s):  
Bull Trout ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Monitoring Protocol

Desain Pembelajaran Tematik untuk Membimbing Siswa Sekolah Dasar dalam Memperoleh Literasi Saintifik

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
D Model

Pembelajaran tematik adalah metode pembelajaran yang menekankan pemberian tema khusus pilihan untuk mengajarkan beberapa konsep kurikuler Konsep integrasi beberapa subjek untuk mengajar di sekolah Indonesia, secara umum bukan hal baru dan tidak sukses pada masa lalu. Sebagai tambahan, beberapa orang menanggap pembelajaran tematik adalah satu kesempatan sementara sebagian lain memandang bahwa ini memiliki masalah. Namun, jawaban untuk bagaimana penerapan pembelajaran tematik belum dikaji secara menyeluruh. Riset ini menyusun desain pembelajaran tematik untuk membimbing siswa sekolah dasar dalam memperoleh literasi saintifik, mengggunakan pendekatan R&D model 4-D yang direduksi menjadi 3 tahap yaitu: define, design, dan develop. Luaran riset ini adalah desain pembelajaran tematik untuk membimbing siswa sekolah dasar dalam memperoleh literasi saintifik, yang keabsahan dan keandalan dalam kategori dapat digunakan.

Constructing Thematic Learning Lesson Plan to Guide Primary Education Student on Achieving Scientific Literacy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Education Student ◽  
Educational Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Assessment Tests ◽  
D Model ◽  
Thematic Learning

It is requisite that each activity is necessary to have a clear purpose as it was designed to be a well applicable plan. Scientific literacy indicates that science has value outside scientific practice is hardly modern idea and reality, although we lose sight of this history. Unfortunately, PISA study at 1999-2015 and several preexist works has shows that common science teachings don’t optimally guide students to achieve scientific literacy. As matter of fact, the answer to how to guide student achieving scientific literacy has not been obtained yet. By proposing this work, I am consider that thematic learning as an alternative method to guide students on achieving scientific literacy. Thematic learning is an educational method of teaching in which emphasis is given on choosing a specific theme for teaching concepts. It is based on integrating various information and use it to demonstrate the topic. Pedagogy of thematic learning is based on its exploration of broad areas in one theme. I don’t deny that the concept of integrating subjects to teach in Indonesian schools, generally is not new and has not been very successful in the past. In addition, some people consider thematic learning as an opportunity while others view it as having problems. The answer, however, to how thematic learning education implementation has not been studied yet comprehensively. Therefore, thematic learning lesson plans is very important to be designed then implemented. This work constructs lesson plan to guide primary education student on achieving scientific literacy, using R&D approach four-D model: define, design, develop, and disseminate. It gained lesson plan completed by student worksheets also assessment tests as well, that validated by experts and practitioners nor reliability counted based exclusively on test.

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