scholarly journals Rhizosphere Microbiome Modulators: Contributions of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria towards Sustainable Agriculture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ozede Igiehon ◽  
Olubukula Oluranti Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

Rhizosphere microbiomes which have been implicated to enhance plant growth and yield are modulated or influenced by a couple of environmental factors such as soil type, plant cultivar, climate change and anthropogenic activities. In particular, anthropogenic activity such as the use of nitrogen-based chemical fertilizers is associated with environmental destruction and this call for a more ecofriendly strategy to increase nitrogen level of agricultural land. This feat is attainable by harnessing nitrogen-fixing endophytic and free-living rhizobacteria. Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and Bacillus have been found to have positive impacts on crops by enhancing both above and belowground biomass and could therefore play positive roles in achieving sustainable agriculture. Thus, it is needful to study these rhizosphere microbiomes with more sophisticated culture-independent technologies such as next generation sequencing (NGS) with the prospect of discovering novel bacteria with plant growth promoting traits. This review is therefore aimed at discussing factors that can modulate rhizosphere microbiomes with focus on the contributions of nitrogen fixing bacteria towards sustainable agricultural development and the techniques that can be used for their study.

Cadmium- and Lead-Tolerant PGPRs as Proficient Toxicity Alleviators for Agricultural Crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Pal ◽  
Anjan Hazra ◽  
Chandan Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Agricultural lands are being polluted with different contaminants due to various anthropogenic activities like toxic discharge from Ni-Cd battery industry, tannery industry, alloying of metals like steel, application of agrochemicals, etc. Cadmium and lead contamination in agricultural land are directed towards global food insecurity. Bioremediation, stress alleviation, and phytostimulation by Cd and Pb tolerant PGPR is a promising eco-friendly method to develop sustainable agricultural system. At present, cadmium and lead-tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be a sustainable option for heavy metal-contaminated agricultural lands. PGPRs such as Bacillus, Bradyrhizobium, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, etc. can survive the metal stress and stimulate the plant growth under Cd and Pb contaminated condition by direct or indirect plant growth promoting ability. So, these PGPRs could be exploited as biofertilizers and bioremediators under Cd or Pb stressed conditions for futuristic agricultural development.

scholarly journals Impact of Abandoned Land on Environmental Protection, Landscape and Economic Benefit in Lithuania

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimvydas Gaudėšius ◽  
Virginija Gurskienė ◽  
Vida Maliene
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic Benefit ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

Human economic activity is defined as an anthropogenic process that has a negative impact on natural environment. The urbanisation and agricultural development influence the environment mostly. In order to receive economic benefit to the above-mentioned activities, the landscape is changed, the soil is affected and pollutants are released into the environment. In the light of the fact that the identified processes and problems caused by them are global, the variety of international directives are designed to minimise the impact of anthropogenic activities on the environment. The territory of the Republic of Lithuania has a considerable amount of areas, where the economic activity is suspended, i.e. the land is abandoned. This is due to a variety of social, natural and economic reasons. This process can be perceived as opposite to the anthropogenic activity, however it is important to examine how it affects the environment, landscape or economic needs. These processes are relevant on the local and international level, therefore, the scientific results of this article may be useful for the professionals in various areas and further research. The research investigates the territory of abandoned agricultural land, which is to be urbanised in the future. Land cadastre data, spatial planning documents are analysed, a questionnaire-based survey is conducted, and the actual inspection in the area is carried out. The research results identify the causes for non-use of the land, and the impact of no economic activity on the environment, the landscape and the economic performance. To reach the set objectives, the data analysis, synthesis, induction methods have been used.

scholarly journals Genomic characterization and computational phenotyping of nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from Colombian sugarcane fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz K. Medina-Cordoba ◽  
Aroon T. Chande ◽  
Lavanya Rishishwar ◽  
Leonard W. Mayer ◽  
Lina C. Valderrama-Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractPrevious studies have shown the sugarcane microbiome harbors diverse plant growth promoting microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria (diazotrophs), which can serve as biofertilizers. The genomes of 22 diazotrophs from Colombian sugarcane fields were sequenced to investigate potential biofertilizers. A genome-enabled computational phenotyping approach was developed to prioritize sugarcane associated diazotrophs according to their potential as biofertilizers. This method selects isolates that have potential for nitrogen fixation and other plant growth promoting (PGP) phenotypes while showing low risk for virulence and antibiotic resistance. Intact nitrogenase (nif) genes and operons were found in 18 of the isolates. Isolates also encode phosphate solubilization and siderophore production operons, and other PGP genes. The majority of sugarcane isolates showed uniformly low predicted virulence and antibiotic resistance compared to clinical isolates. Six strains with the highest overall genotype scores were experimentally evaluated for nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and the production of siderophores, gibberellic acid, and indole acetic acid. Results from the biochemical assays were consistent and validated computational phenotype predictions. A genotypic and phenotypic threshold was observed that separated strains by their potential for PGP versus predicted pathogenicity. Our results indicate that computational phenotyping is a promising tool for the assessment of bacteria detected in agricultural ecosystems.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria with multiple plant growth-promoting activities enhance growth of tomato and red pepper

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1004-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rashedul Islam ◽  
Tahera Sultana ◽  
M. Melvin Joe ◽  
Woojong Yim ◽  
Jang-Cheon Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Red Pepper ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Activities ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

scholarly journals Effects of organic and inorganic fertilization with bio-inoculants on the sustainable management of plant-parasitic nematodes infesting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12544
Author(s):  
Safiuddin ANSARI ◽  
Gufran AHMAD ◽  
Abeer ELHAKEM ◽  
Rose RIZVI ◽  
Sartaj A. TIYAGI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Plant Parasitic

Root-knot nematodes are believed to be amongst the biological constraints causing severe damage and a great reduction in the productivity of okra. The purpose of this study was to apply organic matter and non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria to minimize the addition of chemical fertilizers that constantly pollute the environment.  Experimental studies were conducted in the field for two summers to determine the effect of inoculations of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum brasilense singly and in combinations, with different recommended doses of inorganic nitrogen as well as organic matter such as neem seed cake on the growth, yield, and organic parameters of the okra crop towards the management of plant-parasitic nematodes. The results show a significant reduction in nematode multiplication through soil application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and neem seed cake along with different recommended doses of nitrogen inoculated plants. Azotobacter was found to be less effective than Azospirillum in agronomic parameters and nematode control. The most pronounced increases were observed in the yield and growth parameters such as plant height, fresh as well as dry weights, fruit weights/plant, number of total fruits/plant and primary branches, chlorophyll content, and ascorbic acid content when A. chroococcum and A. brasilense were added concomitantly in various combinations. Agronomic parameters such as NPK content in the plant as well as in residual soil increased considerably in almost all the combinations irrespective of these biofertilizers and neem seed cake. In conclusion, the combined application of a 100% recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer along with Azospirillum and neem seed cake is recommended for better growth and yield of okra with better control of nematodal population.

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