scholarly journals Entropy Contribution to the Line Tension: Insights from Polymer Physics, Water String Theory and the Three-Phase Tension

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bormashenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Polymer Chain ◽  
Triple Line ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Polymer Physics ◽  
Liquid Molecule ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Strong Orientation ◽  
Experimental Findings

The notion of the three-phase (line) tension remains one of the most disputable notions in the surface science. A very broad range of its values has been reported. Experts even do not agree on the sign of the line tension. The polymer-chain-like model of the three-phase (triple) line enables the rough estimation of the entropic input into the value of the line tension, estimated as Γ_en≅(k_B T)/d_m ≅〖10〗^(-11) N, where d_m is the diameter of the liquid molecule. The introducing of the polymer-chain-like model of the triple line is justified by the “water string” model of the liquid state, predicting strong orientation effects for liquid molecules located in the vicinity of hydrophobic moieties. The estimated value of the entropic input into the line tension is close to experimental findings, reported by various groups.

scholarly journals Entropy Contribution to the Line Tension: Insights from Polymer Physics, Water String Theory, and the Three-Phase Tension

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Bormashenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Polymer Chain ◽  
String Model ◽  
Triple Line ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Polymer Physics ◽  
Liquid Molecule ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Experimental Findings

The notion of three-phase (line) tension remains one of the most disputable notions in surface science. A very broad range of its values has been reported. Experts even do not agree on the sign of line tension. The polymer-chain-like model of three-phase (triple) line enables rough estimation of entropic input into the value of line tension, estimated as Γ e n ≅ k B T d m ≅ 10 − 11 N , where d m is the diameter of the liquid molecule. The introduction of the polymer-chain-like model of the triple line is justified by the “water string” model of the liquid state, predicting strong orientation effects for liquid molecules located near hydrophobic moieties. The estimated value of the entropic input into the line tension is close to experimental findings, reported by various groups, and seems to be relevant for the understanding of elastic properties of biological membranes.

Dependence of the Contact Angle on Adsorption at the Solid-Liquid Interface

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Fluid Interfaces ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

A method for determining the surface tension of solid-fluid interfaces has been proposed. For a given temperature and fluid-solid combination, these surface tensions are expressed in terms of material properties that can be determined by measuring the amount of vapor adsorbed on the solid surface as a function of xV, the ratio of the vapor-phase pressure to the saturation-vapor pressure. The thermodynamic concept of pressure is shown to be in conflict with that of continuum mechanics, but is supported experimentally. This approach leads to the prediction that the contact angle, θ, can only exist in a narrow pressure range and that in this pressure range, the solid-vapor surface tension is constant and equal to the surface tension of the liquid-vapor interface, γLV. The surface tension of the solid-liquid interface, γSL, may be expressed in terms of measurable properties, γLV and θ: γSL = γLV(1 − cosθ). The value of θ is predicted to depend on both the pressure in the liquid at the three-phase, line x3L, and the three-phase line curvature, Ccl. We examine these predictions using sessile water droplets on a polished Cu surface, maintained in a closed, constant volume, isothermal container. The value of θ is found to depend on the adsorption at the solid-liquid interface, nSL = nSL(x3L,Ccl). The predicted value of θ is compared with that measured, and found to be in close agreement, but no effect of line tension is found.

Status of the three-phase line tension: a review

2004 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amirfazli ◽  
A.W. Neumann
Keyword(s):  
Line Tension ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase

scholarly journals Collembola cuticles and the three-phase line tension

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1714-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Gundersen ◽  
Hans Petter Leinaas ◽  
Christian Thaulow
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Exposed Surface ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Cuticular Surface

The cuticles of most springtails (Collembola) are superhydrophobic, but the mechanism has not been described in detail. Previous studies have suggested that overhanging surface structures play an important role, but such structures are not a universal trait among springtails with superhydrophobic cuticles. A novel wetting experiment with a fluorescent dye revealed the extent of wetting on exposed surface structures. Using simple wetting models to describe the composite wetting of the cuticular surface structures results in underestimating the contact angles of water. Including the three-phase line tension allows for a prediction of contact angles in the observed range. The discrepancy between the contact angle predicted by simple models and those observed is especially large in the springtail Cryptopygus clavatus which changes, seasonally, from superhydrophobic to wetting without a large change in surface structure; C. clavatus does not have overhanging surface structures. This large change in observed contact angles can be explained with a modest change of the three-phase line tension.

Test of the stability of a three-phase contact line with negative line tension

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN E. VAN GIESSEN, DIRK JAN BUKMAN, B.
Keyword(s):  
Contact Line ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Phase Contact ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Stability

Particles in monolayers and thin liquid films

Surfactants ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 467-500
Author(s):  
Bob Aveyard
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Thin Liquid Films ◽  
Fluid Interfaces ◽  
Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Particle Adsorption

Small particles can adsorb strongly at fluid interfaces and form monolayers which can be studied using a Langmuir trough. For sufficiently large particles the monolayers can be viewed microscopically. The driving force for particle adsorption is the concomitant removal of fluid/fluid interface. For very small adsorbed particles, the free energy of forming the three-phase contact line around particles (hence the line tension) may also contribute significantly to the free energy of adsorption. Adsorption can be enhanced by having areas of particle surface with different wettability (Janus particles). Monolayers have structures dependent on lateral interactions between particles; for particles at the oil/water interface, electrical repulsion through oil is often the dominant interaction, which can give rise to highly ordered monolayers. Adsorbed particles can either inhibit or facilitate the formation of stable thin liquid films, depending on particle wettability.

Utilization of PMU Measurements for Three-Phase Line Parameter Estimation in Power Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2453-2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Milojevic ◽  
Srdan Calija ◽  
Gert Rietveld ◽  
Milos V. Acanski ◽  
Daniele Colangelo
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Line Parameter ◽  
Three Phase
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