scholarly journals Noninvasive Biological Samples to Detect and Diagnose Infections due to Trypanosomatidae Parasites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Sereno ◽  
Mohammad Akhoundi ◽  
Kourosh Sayehmri ◽  
Asad Mizraei ◽  
Philippe Holzmuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Unicellular Eukaryotes ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Conjunctival Swab ◽  
Material Detection ◽  
Animal Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Body Secretion

Unicellular eukaryotes of the Trypanosomatidae family include human and animal pathogens that belong to the Trypanosoma and Leishmania genera. Diagnosis of the diseases they caused requires the sampling of body fluids (blood, lymph, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.) or organ biopsies (bone marrow, spleen, etc.), which are mostly obtained through invasive methods. Body fluids or appendages can be alternatives to these invasive biopsies but appropriateness remains poorly studied. To further address this question, we perform a systematic review on clues evidencing the presence of parasites, genetic material, antibodies, and antigens in body secretions, appendages, or the organs or proximal tissues that produce these materials. Paper selection was based on searches in PubMed, Web of Science, WorldWideScience, SciELO, Embase, Google. The information of each selected article (n=333) was classified into different sections and data were extracted from 77 papers. The presence of Trypanosomatidae parasites has been tracked in most of organs or proximal tissues that produce body secretions or appendages, in naturally or experimentally infected hosts. The meta-analysis highlights the paucity of studies on Human African Trypanosomiasis and a the absence on animal Trypanosomiasis. Among the collected data high heterogeneity in terms of the I2 statistic (100%) is recorded. A high positivity is recorded for antibody and genetic material detection in urine of patients and dogs suffering leishmaniasis, and of antigen for leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. Data on conjunctival swab can be analyzed with molecular methods solely for dogs suffering canine visceral leishmaniasis. Saliva and hair/bristle showed a pretty good positivity that support their potential to be used for leishmaniasis diagnosis. In conclusion, our study pinpoints significant gaps that need to be filled in order to properly address the interest of body secretion and hair or bristle for the diagnosis of infections caused by Leishmania and by other Trypanosomatidae parasites.

scholarly journals Noninvasive Biological Samples to Detect and Diagnose Infections due to Trypanosomatidae Parasites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Sereno ◽  
Mohammad Akhoundi ◽  
Kourosh Sayehmri ◽  
Asad Mirzaei ◽  
Philippe Holzmuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Unicellular Eukaryotes ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Material Detection ◽  
Animal Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Body Secretion

Unicellular eukaryotes of the Trypanosomatidae family include human and animal pathogens that belong to the Trypanosoma and Leishmania genera. Diagnosis of the diseases they cause requires the sampling of body fluids (e.g., blood, lymph, peritoneal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid) or organ biopsies (e.g., bone marrow, spleen), which are mostly obtained through invasive methods. Body fluids or appendages can be alternatives to these invasive biopsies but appropriateness remains poorly studied. To further address this question, we perform a systematic review on clues evidencing the presence of parasites, genetic material, antibodies, and antigens in body secretions, appendages, or the organs or proximal tissues that produce these materials. Paper selection was based on searches in PubMed, Web of Science, WorldWideScience, SciELO, Embase, and Google. The information of each selected article (n = 333) was classified into different sections and data were extracted from 77 papers. The presence of Trypanosomatidae parasites has been tracked in most of organs or proximal tissues that produce body secretions or appendages, in naturally or experimentally infected hosts. The meta-analysis highlights the paucity of studies on human African trypanosomiasis and an absence on animal trypanosomiasis. Among the collected data high heterogeneity in terms of the I2 statistic (100%) is recorded. A high positivity is recorded for antibody and genetic material detection in urine of patients and dogs suffering leishmaniasis, and of antigens for leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. Data on conjunctival swabs can be analyzed with molecular methods solely for dogs suffering canine visceral leishmaniasis. Saliva and hair/bristles showed a pretty good positivity that support their potential to be used for leishmaniasis diagnosis. In conclusion, our study pinpoints significant gaps that need to be filled in order to properly address the interest of body secretion and hair or bristles for the diagnosis of infections caused by Leishmania and by other Trypanosomatidae parasites.

Ocular Manifestations and Tear or Conjunctival Swab PCR Positivity for 2019-nCoV in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phulen Sarma ◽  
Hardeep Kaur ◽  
Harpinder Kaur ◽  
Jaimini Bhattacharyya ◽  
Manisha Prajapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Conjunctival Swab

Evaluation of interferon-gamma release assays in extrasanguinous body fluids for diagnosing tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Life Sciences ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Wen ◽  
Xin-Hui Qu ◽  
Kun-Nan Zhang ◽  
Er-Ling Leng ◽  
Yue Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays

scholarly journals Current Evidence of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Ocular Transmission: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kai Cao ◽  
Brad Kline ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Gui-shuang Ying ◽  
Ning Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Conjunctival Swab ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Objective. To estimate the prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples of patients diagnosed with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Methods. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was done based on PubMed, Embase, MedRxiv, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcomes are the prevalence rate of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion and the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples. Rates were expressed as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results. A total of 12 studies with 1930 participants were included for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence rate of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion was 8% (95% CI: 5%-12%). 1% (95% CI: 1%-4%) of COVID-19 patients were diagnosed with conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion as the initial symptom. The pooled positive rate of conjunctival swab samples was 3% (95% CI: 2%-5%). We also assessed other ocular symptoms reported in the 12 studies, including foreign body sensation, increased secretion, and eye itching. The pooled prevalence rates were 6% (95% CI: 3%-10%), 10% (95% CI: 8%-12%), and 9% (95% CI: 7%-10%), respectively. Conclusions. The evidence on the positive rate of conjunctival swab samples and the prevalence rates of ocular symptoms indicated that COVID-19 ocular transmission was possible but less likely.

scholarly journals COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in Non-Airborne body fluids: A systematic review & Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Hans Johnson ◽  
◽  
Megha Garg ◽  
Saran Shantikumar ◽  
Jecko Thachil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Body Fluids

scholarly journals Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biniyam Sahiledengle ◽  
Yohannes Tekalegn ◽  
Demelash Woldeyohannes ◽  
Bruce John Edward Quisido
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Analysis Model

Abstract Background Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a major risk factor for the transmission of blood-borne infections to healthcare workers. There are several primary studies in Ethiopia yet they might not be at the national level to quantify the extent of occupational blood and body fluid exposures (splash of blood or other body fluids into the eyes, nose, or mouth) or blood contact with non-intact skin among the healthcare workers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure of healthcare workers in Ethiopia. Methods PubMed, Science Direct, Hinari, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched; withal, the references of appended articles were also checked for further possible sources. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia. Results Of the 641 articles identified through the database search, 36 studies were included in the final analysis. The estimated pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence on occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers were found to be at 54.95% (95% confidence interval (CI), 48.25–61.65) and 44.24% (95% CI, 36.98-51.51), respectively. The study identified a variation in healthcare workers who were exposed to blood and body fluids across Ethiopian regions. Conclusion The finding of the present study revealed that there was a high level of annual and lifetime exposures to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposures to Blood and Body Fluids among Healthcare Workers in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biniyam Sahiledengle ◽  
Yohannes Tekalegn ◽  
Demelash Woldeyohannes ◽  
Bruce John Edward Quisido
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Care Workers

Background: Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids is a major risk factor for the transmission of blood-borne infections to healthcare workers. There are several primary studies in Ethiopia yet they might not be at the national level to quantify the extent of occupational blood and body fluid exposures among the healthcare workers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure of health-care workers in Ethiopia. Methods: PubMed, Science Direct, Hinari, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane library were systematically searched; withal, the references of appended articles were also checked for further possible sources. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the included studies. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the lifetime and 12-month prevalence of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among health-care workers in Ethiopia. Results: Of the 641 articles identified through the database search, 37 studies were included in the final analysis. The estimated pooled lifetime and 12-month prevalence on occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers were found to be at 54.15% (95% confidence interval (CI): 47.54,60.75) and 44.24% (95%CI: 36.98,51.51), respectively. The study identified a variation in healthcare workers whom were exposed to blood and body fluids across Ethiopian regions. Conclusion: The finding of the present study revealed that there was a high level of annual and lifetime exposures to blood and body fluids among the healthcare workers of Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Health-care workers’ occupational exposures to body fluids in 21 countries in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 831-841F ◽  
Author(s):  
Asa Auta ◽  
Emmanuel O Adewuyi ◽  
Amom Tor-Anyiin ◽  
David Aziz ◽  
Esther Ogbole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Care Workers

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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