scholarly journals The Temperature Inside the Part in Powder Bed Fuison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wood Nathaniel ◽  
Hoelzle David
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is a type of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology that builds parts in a layer-by-layer fashion out of a bed of metal powder via the selective melting action of a laser or electron beam heat source. The technology has become widespread, however the demand is growing for closed loop process monitoring and control in PBF systems to replace the open loop architectures that exist today. This paper demonstrates the simulated efficacy of applying closed-loop state estimation to the problem of monitoring temperature fields within parts during the PBF build process. A simplified LTI model of PBF thermal physics with the properties of stability, controllability and observability is presented. An Ensemble Kalman Filter is applied to the model. The accuracy of this filters’ predictions are assessed in simulation studies of the temperature evolution of various test parts when subjected to simulated laser heat input. The significant result of this study is that the filter supplied predictions that were about 2.5x more accurate than the open loop model in these simulation studies.

scholarly journals Multispectral Active Infrared Thermo-Reflectometry for Absolute Temperature Measurement by Contactless IR Thermography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lafargue-Tallet ◽  
Romain VAUCELLE ◽  
Cyril CALIOT ◽  
Abderezak AOUALI ◽  
Emmanuelle ABISSET-CHAVANNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Black Body ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Real Time Identification ◽  
And Control

Abstract Knowledge of material emissivity maps and their true temperatures is of great interest for contactless process monitoring and control with infrared cameras when strong heat transfer and temperature change are involved.In this work, we describe the development of a contactless infrared and multispectral imaging technique based on the pyro-reflectometry approach and a specular model of the material reflection.This approach enables in situ and real-time identification of emissivity fields and autocalibration of the radiative intensity leaving the sample by using a black body equivalent ratio.This is done to obtain the absolute temperature field of any specular material using the infrared wavelength.The proposed method is evaluated at room temperature with several heterogeneous samples covering a large range of emissivity values. From these emissivity fields, raw and heterogeneous measured radiative fluxes are transformed into complete absolute temperature fields.

The Isolator of Industrial Automatic Control System Selection and Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 301-303 ◽  
pp. 1714-1718
Author(s):  
Ji Meng Zhang ◽  
Hong Shuo Wang ◽  
Ben De Gan
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
Isolation Device ◽  
System Selection ◽  
And Control

In the automatic control system of industrial field, the production process monitoring and control process is dependent on Mutual coordination of various automation instrument, computer and corresponding actuators. The coordination is accurate or not, the key is signal transmission quality among those agencies. The application and selection of isolation device directly affect signal transmission. This paper discusses the application and choose of industrial site isolator from isolation principle, the principle and choose for isolator, commissioning and parameter selection based on practical application.

Fractal Pattern Recognition of Image Profiles for Manufacturing Process Monitoring and Control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Imani ◽  
Bing Yao ◽  
Ruimin Chen ◽  
Prahalada Rao ◽  
Hui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Monitoring ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
And Control

Nowadays manufacturing industry faces increasing demands to customize products according to personal needs. This trend leads to a proliferation of complex product designs. To cope with this complexity, manufacturing systems are equipped with advanced sensing capabilities. However, traditional statistical process control methods are not concerned with the stream of in-process imaging data. Also, very little has been done to investigate nonlinearity, irregularity, and inhomogeneity in image stream collected from manufacturing processes. This paper presents the multifractal spectrum and lacunarity measures to characterize irregular and inhomogeneous patterns of image profiles, as well as detect the hidden dynamics of the underlying manufacturing process. Experimental studies show that the proposed method not only effectively characterizes the surface finishes for quality control of ultra-precision machining but also provides an effective model to link process parameters with fractal characteristics of in-process images acquired from additive manufacturing. This, in turn, will allow a swift response to processes changes and consequently reduce the number of defective products. The proposed fractal method has strong potentials to be applied for process monitoring and control in a variety of domains such as ultra-precision machining, additive manufacturing, and biomanufacturing.

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