scholarly journals The Racist and Antiracist Traditions in 21st Century Brazilian Cinema

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Jonathan Warren
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Racial Politics ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
Brazilian Film

The seminal study of race and Brazilian cinema is Robert Stam’s “Tropical Multiculturalism”. Since the publication of this groundbreaking book in 1997, there has been remarkably little effort by Brazilian film scholars or critics to deepen and build upon Stam’s central claims or extend his analysis to the 21st century. In this article I hope to reverse this trend and invigorate more discussion and study of racial politics and Brazilian film. To this end, I detail the ways that Brazilian cinema continues to be complicit with white supremacy, highlight and analyze some of the most notable antiracist Brazilian films that have been produced in recent years, and underscore what is at stake for Brazilian society if cultural workers, such as filmmakers, do not reverse course and begin taking on racism in a much more intentional and sustained way.Keywords: Robert Stam. Multiculturalism. Brazilian cinema. Antiracism.

Beyond Hollywood

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Maite Conde
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
American Film ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
The North ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
Hollywood Movies ◽  
Brazilian Film

This chapter examines Brazilian director Humberto Mauro’s 1927 film Thesouro Perdido, which was influenced the North American film Tol'able David, directed by Henry King in 1921. The chapter examines discussions regarding mimicry, bringing them to bear specifically on early Brazilian cinema and Brazilian film theory and what has been dismissed as its imitative relationship to Hollywood movies. Analyzing the structure and aesthetics of Mauro’s film, the chapter discusses the differences between it and its Hollywood template, and it locates this difference in the country’s material reality, that is, the remnants of traditional patriarchal structures in Brazil and their roots in slave labor.

Rocha, Glauber (1939–1981)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Baker
Keyword(s):  
New Wave ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
French New Wave ◽  
Revolutionary Violence ◽  
New Type ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Brazilian Film ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Film Critic

Glauber Rocha de Andrade (Vitória da Conquista, 1939–1981) was a Brazilian film critic, screenwriter, producer, and director. Arguably the most important director of the cinema nôvo (New Cinema) movement of the 1960s and 1970s, he began his career as a film critic, writing for well-known Brazilian journals about Italian neorealism and the French New Wave – two crucial influences on his own work. His writings criticized Brazil's commercial cinema and called for a new type of film that would represent the reality of Brazilian life. His most famous essay in this regard is "Estética da Fome" ("An Esthetic of Hunger," 1965). The essay reflects on the neo-colonial condition of Brazilian cinema through the analogy of the starvation of the Brazilian people and the intellectual starvation of its cinematic tradition; anti-colonial revolutionary violence is the only possible solution to these plights. This theoretical viewpoint is reflected in his Deu e o Diabo na Terra do Sol (Black God, White Devil, 1964), a film which earned him recognition on the international scene and in Brazil as the unchallenged leader of a new generation.

Contemporary Brazilian Cinema

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Luiz Suppia
Keyword(s):  
State Funding ◽  
Film Production ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
Complete Eradication ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Distribution Company ◽  
Brazilian Film

At first glance, contemporary Brazilian cinema seems to be the byproduct of a mid-1990s renaissance in national film production. Accordingly, to better understand contemporary Brazilian cinema, it is advisable to recall the Brazilian film industry’s situation in the 1980s. An unsteady period followed by a major decline in national film production in the late-1980s and early-1990s, these were years illustrated by the dismantling of Embrafilme (Empresa Brasileira de Filmes), culminating in the complete eradication of the state-run film production and distribution company in March 1990. Around 1993–1994, however, a renaissance of Brazilian cinema occurred, in terms of film production and ticket sales, which has been called “Cinema da Retomada.” A cinematic phenomenon, fundamentally fueled by the industry’s access to new sources of state funding, the Retomada was predominately brought about by fiscal exemptions allowed by the Audiovisual Law (Lei do Audiovisual), as well as by grants such as the “Prêmio Resgate do Cinema Brasileiro,” coming from the Ministry of Culture. Later, the Rouanet Law (Lei Rouanet) strengthened the funding not only for film, but for cultural projects and events as a whole. Likewise, municipal and state laws promoting fiscal exemptions also had a fundamental role in the recovery of film production in the country. All these laws allowed the private initiative to redirect funds from taxes to film production. This article will provide a basic bibliography of the aforementioned topics, addressing the economic, sociological, and aesthetic issues related to contemporary Brazilian cinema.

The Brazilian Economy in the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Klein ◽  
Francisco Vidal Luna
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Asian Immigrants ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
The World

The 20th century represents a crucial period in Brazil’s economic history, when an agrarian, rural-dominated society became an urban, industrialized country with a complex financial sector and a large service sector. This economic transformation fueled by coffee exports led to profound demographic and social changes as millions of European and Asian immigrants were integrated into Brazilian society, followed by a massive shift of native-born migrants from the northeast to the dynamic southeast of Brazil, particularly for the state of São Paulo, which became the richest, most industrialized, and most populous state of the nation. The second half of the 20th century saw the creation of a modern industrial sector and the modernization of national agriculture, which in the 21st century made Brazil one of the most important producers of grain and animal protein in the world.

scholarly journals Bergfelder, Tim, Lisa Shaw, and João Luiz Vieira, editors. Stars and Stardom in Brazilian Cinema. Bergahn, 2017.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Braga-Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
North American ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
American Universities ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
Brazilian Film

Film studies have come to occupy a central part of the curriculum in literature and culture departments, particularly in Anglophone universities. This trend is reflected in the growing number of monographs and edited volumes on Brazilian cinema that have appeared over the last decade. Whereas the indisputable pioneers and authorities (namely, Randall Johnson and Robert Stam) are based in North American universities, it is interesting that much of the recent work on Brazilian film (in English) is authored by scholars based in British universities.

scholarly journals Nonwestern Periphery and its Paradoxes: Reflections for Struggles in the 21st Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Saggioro Garcia
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
World System ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
The World ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Economic Mechanisms

What has historically been the role of the nonwestern semiperiphery (what was it expected to do and what did it really do) and how has this role changed in recent years? In their article “Moving toward Theory for the 21st Century: The Centrality of Nonwestern Semiperiphery to World Ethnic/Racial Inequality”, Wilma Dunaway and Donald Clelland provide important contributions to the efforts to rethink global inequalities and the potential to transform the capitalist world-system. Presenting a wealth of data compiled in graphs and tables, the article aims to decenter analysis of global ethnic/racial inequality by bringing the nonwestern semiperiphery to the foreground. In their examination of the rise of the nonwestern semiperiphery, the authors question the popular “global apartheid model”, which identifies “white supremacy” as the sole cause of global ethnic/racial inequality. Their goal is to demonstrate that the nonwestern semiperiphery intensifies and exacerbates ethnic and racial inequalities in the world further by adopting political and economic mechanisms to exploit territories and workers both within and beyond their borders.

Angela Y. Davis and Communication Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Squires
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Critical Race ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Cultural Workers ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Angela Yvonne Davis is an American-born, internationally acclaimed intellectual, activist, and icon. Davis’s groundbreaking work and generative theorizing synthesizes Marxist, feminist, critical race, and cultural studies to illuminate workings of power. Her many books, articles, and essays pose crucial questions that have inspired the work of generations of scholars, cultural workers, and activists. Spanning from the late 1960s to the early 21st century, her writings and speeches have provided rich understandings of history, justice, representation, identity, and resistance.

The Religion of the Lost Cause, Reloaded

2018 ◽  
pp. 42-62
Author(s):  
James Hudnut-Beumler
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
21St Century ◽  
White Supremacy ◽  
Bible Study ◽  
Lost Cause ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Ame Church

This chapter examines the ways the ancestral memory of Civil War service by such groups as the Sons of Confederate Veterans became hotly contested in the second decade of the 21st Century. What for some southerners was personal heritage, particularly as represented in the Confederate Battle Flag, was for many others a symbol of slavery and a continued belief in white supremacy. Matters came to a head in the killing of nine parishioners at Charleston’s Emanuel AME Church during a Bible study. Yet the deeper issues of reverence or revulsion for the southern past continued with religion and religious leaders playing key parts.

scholarly journals A autoria por acúmulo em filmes de baixíssimo orçamento no Brasil e na França (2004-2009)

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gerbase
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
French Cinema ◽  
Brazilian Cinema ◽  
First Results ◽  
Contemporary Cinema ◽  
Doctoral Work ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
French Films

Este ensaio apresenta os primeiros resultados da pesquisa “O autor audiovisual no despertar do século 21: renascimento ou funeral?”, financiado pela CAPES, no âmbito de estágio Pós-doutoral na Universidade Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris 3, sob a orientação do professor Laurent Creton, entre janeiro e março de 2010. O texto está dividido em três seções: sumário das origens da autoria na literatura, na fotografia e no cinema; observações sobre o corpus do trabalho; a autoria nos filmes de baixíssimo orçamento. Na última seção é desenvolvida a ideia de que, nos filmes brasileiros e franceses reali- zados com pequenos custos entre 2004 e 2009, o diretor estabelece sua autoria através de um constante acúmulo de outras funções além da direção. Também é abordada a possibilidade de que essa forma de exercer (e de pensar) a autoria esteja presente em outros tipos de filmes, dando assim os primeiros passos na necessária revisão do conceito de autoria no cinema contemporâneo em geral. Palavras-chave: Economia do cinema; Cinema brasileiro; Cinema francês. The authorship for accumulation in low budget films in Brazil and France (2004-2009) Abstract: This paper presents the first results of the research “The audiovisual author in the beginning of the 21st century: renaissance or funeral?”, funded by CAPES, under post-doctoral work at the Sorbonne-Nouvelle, Paris 3, with the guidance of Professor Laurent Creton, between January and March 2010. The text is divided into three sections: a summary of the origins of written literature, photography and film; observations on the corpus of work; the authorship in low-budget films. In the last section is the idea that in the Brazilian and French films, made with small costs, between 2004 and 2009, the director establishes his own through a steady accumulation of functions other direction. Also covered is the possibility that this form of exercise (and think) the authorship is present in other types of movies, thus giving the first steps necessary revision of the concept of authorship in contemporary cinema in general. Keywords: Economics of cinema; Brazilian cinema; French cinema.

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